PubMed Trending Research Digest — June 16, 2026

Automated digest · 97 articles · 15 research areas · June 16, 2026

Overview

This week’s research is dominated by precision medicine themes: tailoring therapy based on tumor/host biology and improving risk stratification. In oncology, multiple studies connect treatment response (or resistance) to immune contexture and specific molecular programs—ranging from myeloid immunosuppression predicting early non-response to atezolizumab–bevacizumab in hepatocellular carcinoma, to ADAR1-driven T-cell editing states linked with anti–PD-1 resistance in colorectal cancer. Other cancer papers emphasize actionable vulnerabilities (e.g., KRAS–cGAS–STING–type I interferon necroptosis in PDAC, PLK4 inhibition sensitivity tied to 17q/TRIM37 gain in neuroblastoma) and the value of mapping clonal evolution under therapy to anticipate resistance.

Outside cancer, a second major thread is the growing integration of “systems” biology—microbiome, metabolism, and immune signaling—into disease mechanisms and prevention. Work on gut dysbiosis (including preterm microbiome development and NEC mechanisms), uremic toxins in cardiovascular–kidney–metabolic syndrome, and immunometabolic pathways (e.g., hyperglycemia worsening vitiligo via succinate/SUCNR1) all point to upstream drivers that cut across traditional organ boundaries. Complementing this, several studies and reviews focus on metabolic risk management (obesity pharmacotherapy, BMI–cancer epidemiology, and socioeconomic determinants of MASLD), while cardiovascular and perioperative studies highlight practical biomarkers and optimization opportunities.

Finally, the digest reflects an “implementation and measurement” push: digital/AI tools are being tested in real-world workflows (remote monitoring, AI-OCT screening, and ML risk models), while other papers caution about reliability and safety (e.g., evaluation of medication-answering LLMs and the need for standardized cardiovascular endpoints in oncology trials). Across respiratory physiology, neurocognitive assessment, and regenerative biomaterials, the common message is that better phenotyping—whether via biomarkers, imaging, or noninvasive monitoring—can translate mechanistic insights into more effective, safer care.

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Cancer immunotherapy & tumor immune microenvironment

Oncogenic KRAS-driven type I interferon signalling primes pancreatic cancer for necroptosis.

This study investigated how oncogenic KRAS drives type I interferon signaling to prime pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) for necroptosis using genetically engineered mouse models and mechanistic pathway analyses. It found that cancer cell-specific deletion of caspase-8 triggers necroptosis that eliminates most pancreatic precursor lesions, and that KRAS-induced cGAS-STING-TBK1 signaling activates ISGF3-dependent interferon-stimulated genes including MLKL. The significance is identifying a KRAS–cGAS-STING–type I IFN–necroptosis vulnerability that could be exploited therapeutically in PDAC.

Tishina S, Dahlhaus A, Manik M et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

A myeloid immunosuppressive phenotype defines primary refractoriness to atezolizumab Plus bevacizumab in hepatocellular caarcinoma.

This study analyzed pre-treatment tumor immune features in 1296 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with frontline atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A+B) and validated results in 645 patients from IMbrave150 and GO30140, using SITC criteria to define primary refractoriness (PRef) and machine learning quantification of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes plus imaging mass cytometry (IMC). The key finding was that a myeloid immunosuppressive phenotype in baseline tumor tissue was associated with primary refractoriness to A+B, indicating that specific myeloid programs predict early non-response. Clinically, this supports using baseline myeloid immune profiling to identify HCC patients unlikely to benefit from A+B and to guide earlier alternative strategies.

Lombardi P, Ramon-Gil E, Raja RQ et al. · Journal of hepatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Neutrophil regulation of immunotherapy for cancer is controlled by type II interferon.

This mechanistic study investigated how neutrophils regulate cancer immunotherapy responses in mouse models using neutropenic approaches and genetic perturbations, focusing on type II interferon signaling and the neutrophil induction of PD-L1 (cd274). The key finding was that neutrophils can suppress therapeutic T-cell/myeloid responses, with PD-L1 upregulation driven by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) from cytotoxic lymphocytes, and that deleting cd274 or Ifngr1 in neutrophils altered this immunosuppressive control. This is significant because it identifies a type II interferon–neutrophil–PD-L1 axis as a targetable mechanism to improve the effectiveness of immunotherapy.

Pei S, Pan Y, Liang H et al. · Immunity · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Single-Cell RNA Editing Identifies T Cell ADAR1 as a Key Regulator of Immune Exhaustion and Anti-PD-1 Resistance in Colorectal Cancer.

This study used bulk and full-length single-cell RNA sequencing to map ADAR1-mediated RNA editing across the tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer (CRC). It found elevated ADAR1 activity in tumor-infiltrating T cells, defining an exhausted/proliferative T cell state associated with immunotherapy resistance to anti–PD-1, and validated ADAR1 as a key regulator of immune exhaustion. The significance is that single-cell RNA editing profiling identifies ADAR1 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target to overcome anti–PD-1 resistance in CRC.

Kang D, Xie SZ, Luo YZ et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Emerging Patterns in Dietary Supplement Use Among US Adults, 1999-2023.

This cross-sectional analysis of 11 cycles of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) evaluated 25-year trends in dietary supplement use among civilian, noninstitutionalized US adults aged ≥20 years from 1999–2000 through August 2023. The study characterized how supplement use patterns evolved over time, including emerging products and changes related to the COVID-19 period. These population-level findings are significant for guiding future research on supplement safety/efficacy and for setting public health priorities.

Lam CS, O’Connell K, Monroy-Iglesias MJ et al. · JAMA network open · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Expression of GPR34 in microglia remains stable in human Alzheimer’s disease.

This study examined whether GPR34 expression in human microglia changes with Alzheimer’s disease pathology by performing quantitative analyses of microglial density, morphology, and GPR34 expression in the medial temporal lobe cortex of elderly human donors across disease stages. The key finding was that microglial GPR34 expression remained stable in human Alzheimer’s disease. Scientifically, this suggests that GPR34 regulation is not broadly altered across AD progression, refining how this lysophosphatidylserine receptor might be targeted in microglial biology.

Seiffer S, Rotter J, Brendler J et al. · Acta neuropathologica · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Arterial blood gas changes in progressively deeper breath-hold dives.

This physiological study investigated arterial blood gas changes during progressively deeper competitive breath-hold dives by instrumenting three elite breath-hold divers with radial arterial catheters and collecting arterial blood specimens at depths of 20, 40, 60, and 80 m. The key finding was the depth-associated behavior of arterial PO2 and PCO2, including the predicted spike in PaCO2 at greater depths relevant to narcosis-like symptoms. These results are significant for understanding human limits and respiratory gas dynamics during extreme breath-hold diving.

Scott TKM, Vrijdag XCE, van Waart H et al. · Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS)/polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): current and future trends.

This review discussed current and future trends in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS), also referred to as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), focusing on translational pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and management. The key message was that despite its prevalence, PCOS/PMOS mechanisms remain incompletely understood, which contributes to diagnostic and treatment challenges. The significance is that it frames research priorities to improve diagnosis and long-term outcomes for millions affected by this endocrine disorder.

Chan JL, Masini I, Pisarska MD · The Journal of clinical investigation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

First-line Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: An Updated Network Meta-analysis using Final Follow-up Data.

This updated frequentist network meta-analysis compared first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combination regimens for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) using final follow-up data from phase 3 randomized controlled trials. The analysis synthesized relative oncologic outcomes across ICI-based combinations to determine which regimens perform best over longer follow-up. Clinically, it refines evidence-based selection of first-line ICI combinations for patients with mRCC.

Yanagisawa T, Mori K, Fukuokaya W et al. · European urology focus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

ADSC-Derived CCL8 Regulates HIF-1α Signaling and Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression in a 3D Coculture Platform.

This study examined how adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from cancer-associated adipose tissue regulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) signaling and colorectal cancer (CRC) progression using a human ADSC–CRC 3D coculture platform. Cancer-associated ADSCs were found to secrete CCL8 that promotes HIF-1α–related pathways in CRC cells, enhancing tumor progression in the 3D coculture system. These findings suggest the ADSC-derived CCL8–HIF-1α axis as a potential therapeutic target to disrupt CRC tumor microenvironment–driven hypoxic signaling.

Yun JE, Son Y, Seo J et al. · Cancer science · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

MICA/MICB-Mediated NKG2D Immune Escape in Cervical Cancer: Single-Cell Transcriptomic Mapping of Radionuclide Therapy Targets for Precision Radioimmunotherapy.

This study investigated cervical cancer mechanisms of NKG2D immune escape by focusing on the NKG2D ligands MICA and MICB and used single-cell transcriptomic mapping to identify radionuclide therapy targets for precision radioimmunotherapy. The key finding was that dysregulated MICA/MICB expression in cervical cancer contributes to impaired NKG2D-mediated recognition and affects the targetability of NKG2D-armed radiolabeled probes. This is significant for improving patient selection and target design for NKG2D-based radionuclide theranostics in cervical cancer.

Ci J, Wang C, Wang Y et al. · Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

SGO1 and SGO2 are Associated With Disease Progression and an Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma.

This study analyzed the expression and prognostic value of the chromosome cohesion/segregation genes SGO1 and SGO2 in papillary renal cell carcinoma (KIRP) using multi-omics datasets from TCGA, GTEx, and GEO. The authors report that SGO1/SGO2 are associated with disease progression and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, consistent with a role in immune evasion. These findings suggest SGO1/SGO2 could serve as biomarkers and potential mechanistic targets to improve immunotherapy responsiveness in KIRP.

Fu H, Ibrohimov A, Zheng H et al. · Cancer medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cancer genomics, clonal evolution & biomarkers

Clonal evolution and mutational trajectories of metastatic colorectal cancer shaped by anticancer therapies.

This study used whole-genome sequencing of 58 single-cell-derived tumoroids and 18 matched bulk tumors from six patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to map clonal evolution and therapy-associated mutational trajectories under anticancer treatment. It found substantial inter- and intra-patient heterogeneity in the burden and spectrum of chemotherapy-induced mutations, with preferential enrichment in more proliferative lineages. The results clarify how different therapies shape tumor evolution at single-cell resolution, informing future strategies to anticipate resistance and target dominant evolving clones.

Lee WH, Kim B, Nam CH et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

MYCN drives pediatric glioma transformation from neural progenitors and creates distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities.

This study investigated how MYCN drives pediatric high-grade glioma (pHGG) transformation from neural progenitors and what therapeutic vulnerabilities emerge, using models involving Trp53 and Pten loss. It found that MYCN cooperates with Trp53 and Pten loss to initiate tumorigenesis and that MYCN-driven tumors become vulnerable to PI3K and mTOR inhibition, but develop adaptive resistance through MYCN protein rebound mediated by IGFBP5 attenuation and insulin-like growth factor 2 induction. The work identifies MYCN as a central node for both initial targeting and overcoming resistance, suggesting combination and sustained-suppression strategies for pHGG.

Gatesman TA, Varadharajan S, Johnson BJ et al. · Cell reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Targeted cancer therapeutics & drug development

WHO estimates of the global, regional, and national burden of 14 foodborne diarrhoeal enteric hazards, 2000-21: an updated data synthesis.

This updated WHO global burden synthesis estimated illnesses, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from 14 foodborne diarrhoeal enteric hazards across 194 countries from 2000–2021, including pathogens such as Campylobacter spp, Cryptosporidium spp, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Entamoeba histolytica, multiple diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes, Giardia duodenalis, norovirus, rotavirus, non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica, Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, Shigella spp, and Vibrio cholerae. The key finding was the provision of revised, pathogen-specific and region-specific estimates of the global and national burden over time for these major foodborne diarrhoeal threats. Scientifically and for public health, these updated estimates help prioritize surveillance, prevention, and control interventions by quantifying where and which pathogens drive the greatest disease burden.

Majowicz SE, Colston JM, Kirk MD et al. · The Lancet. Global health · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Aumolertinib with or without chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (AENEAS2): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.

In the open-label, multicentre, randomized phase 3 AENEAS2 trial, patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were assigned to first-line aumolertinib plus platinum-based chemotherapy versus aumolertinib monotherapy. The key finding was that adding platinum-based chemotherapy to aumolertinib improved efficacy outcomes compared with aumolertinib alone while maintaining an acceptable adverse-event profile. This is clinically significant because it tests whether combination therapy can overcome resistance limitations of third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy in EGFR-sensitive advanced NSCLC.

Li Z, Hu J, Chen J et al. · The Lancet. Oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Lonvoguran Ziclumeran - In Vivo CRISPR Gene Editing in Hereditary Angioedema.

This phase 3, double-blind trial studied lonvoguran ziclumeran (lonvo-z), an in vivo CRISPR-based gene-editing therapy, in patients aged ≥16 years with hereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1 inhibitor deficiency. The study compared a single 50 mg intravenous infusion of lonvo-z versus placebo, with the primary endpoint based on attack frequency (details truncated in the abstract). If effective and safe, this approach could provide a one-time, gene-editing strategy to reduce HAE attacks in C1-inhibitor–deficient patients.

Cohn DM, Gurugama P, Longhurst HJ et al. · The New England journal of medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Talquetamab-Daratumumab in Relapsed or Refractory Myeloma.

This phase 3 randomized trial evaluated talquetamab (a bispecific antibody targeting GPRC5D and CD3) combined with daratumumab and pomalidomide versus talquetamab plus daratumumab or daratumumab plus pomalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma patients. The key outcome was progression-free survival assessed by an independent review committee (with additional secondary endpoints reported but truncated). The results are clinically important for defining the best regimen among GPRC5D/CD3–based therapy combinations in heavily pretreated myeloma.

Mina R, Beksac M, Rodríguez-Otero P et al. · The New England journal of medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Mezigdomide, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone versus carfilzomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (SUCCESSOR-2): a phase 3, open-label, randomised controlled trial.

This phase 3, open-label randomized controlled trial (SUCCESSOR-2) evaluated mezigdomide plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone versus carfilzomib plus dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Mezigdomide is a cereblon E3 ligase modulator designed to induce rapid degradation of Ikaros and Aiolos, enhancing myeloma cytotoxicity and immune stimulation compared with immunomodulatory drugs (trial endpoints and results are truncated). The study is important for expanding treatment options for anti-CD38– and lenalidomide-exposed patients at first relapse.

Dimopoulos MA, Schjesvold F, Fu C et al. · Lancet (London, England) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The PLK4 inhibitor RP-1664 demonstrates potent efficacy in neuroblastoma preclinical models through a dual mechanism of sensitivity.

This preclinical work tested the PLK4 inhibitor RP-1664 in patient-derived neuroblastoma models to define how chromosome 17q/TRIM37 gain creates sensitivity. It showed that 17q/TRIM37 gain hypersensitizes neuroblastoma cells to RP-1664, and that low-dose RP-1664–driven centriole amplification can trigger multipolar mitoses and cell death via a TRIM37-independent component. These data identify a biomarker-linked vulnerability and a mechanistic basis for using RP-1664 in high-risk neuroblastoma.

Soria-Bretones I, Casás-Selves M, Samanta M et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Odronextamab: a bispecific antibody for follicular lymphoma.

This review summarizes the clinical development and evidence for odronextamab, a T-cell–redirecting bispecific antibody, in follicular lymphoma (FL), focusing on data from the ELM-1 and ELM-2 trials. It highlights odronextamab’s mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and key efficacy and safety outcomes in relapsed/refractory FL, including clinically relevant subgroups such as patients with early progression (POD24). The review positions odronextamab as an important chemo-free option and frames ongoing questions about optimal sequencing and management of adverse effects.

Garcia-Sancho AM, Cabero-Martínez A, Gutierrez NC · Expert opinion on investigational drugs · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Phytosterol ester-based liposomes for improved oral delivery of puerarin: enhanced stability and mucus penetration.

This 2026 study developed phytosterol ester (PE)-based liposomes to improve oral delivery of the isoflavone puerarin (Pue), comparing PE-Pue-nanoliposomes with cholesterol (CH)-Pue-nanoliposomes prepared by ethanol injection. PE-Pue-nanoliposomes showed superior physicochemical performance (smaller particle size, higher zeta potential, and higher encapsulation efficiency) and improved stability and mucus penetration over 15 days at 4°C, with FTIR and DSC confirming Pue encapsulation. These results suggest PE substitution for cholesterol is a promising formulation strategy to enhance oral bioavailability of puerarin.

Yang P, Wu X, Liu J et al. · Journal of liposome research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Single-Sequence Deep Learning Delivers Crystal-Quality Models of Covalent K-Ras G12 Hotspot Complexes.

This study used the structure prediction tool Chai-1, which accepts user-defined ligands and does not require multiple sequence alignment (MSA), to predict crystal-quality models of covalent K-Ras(G12C) hotspot complexes. Chai-1 accurately predicted covalent K-Ras(G12C) complex structures with pocket-aligned RMSDs under 2 Å for chemically diverse covalent inhibitors. The approach can accelerate structure-based design of covalent K-Ras(G12C) drugs by reducing reliance on time-consuming experimental co-complex structures.

Jung S, Zheng Q, Shokat KM · IUBMB life · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Topical Mitomycin C Chemotherapy After Surgical Resection of Conjunctival Amelanotic Melanoma in a Dog.

This review studied recent advances in the pharmaceutical production of highly attenuated poxviruses used as viral vector platforms, focusing on vaccinia virus and Orf virus. It found that improvements in upstream processing (e.g., permissive cell substrates and optimized feeding strategies) and controlled viral phenotypes can enhance manufacturing performance while maintaining safety despite limited replication in human cells. These advances are clinically significant because they support scalable production of poxvirus vectors for oncolytic therapy and therapeutic vaccination.

Ahn J, Sung K, Jang M et al. · Veterinary ophthalmology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cancer imaging, diagnostics & response monitoring

The critical role of the endogenous immune compartment after CAR T cell therapy in recurrent GBM.

This study profiled longitudinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and tumor samples from responders and non-responders after intracerebroventricular bivalent CAR T cell therapy in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM), emphasizing the role of the endogenous immune compartment. The key finding was that immune dynamics in the CSF/tumor—rather than CAR T cells alone—were critical for determining response, with distinct immune features distinguishing responders from non-responders. Clinically, it suggests that modulating the host immune environment alongside CAR T cells may be necessary to improve outcomes in recurrent GBM.

Freeburg NF, Chafamo D, Konanur Gopikrishna G et al. · Cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Tumor-derived cell-free DNA detected in cerebrospinal fluid enables minimally invasive profiling of pediatric brain tumors.

This real-world prospective study evaluated whether tumor-derived cell-free DNA (ctDNA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enables minimally invasive molecular profiling of pediatric brain tumors. Using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and/or next-generation sequencing on 148 CSF samples from 120 patients collected by lumbar puncture or ventricular sources, the key finding was that CSF liquid biopsy detected clinically relevant tumor alterations (including mutations, fusions, copy number alterations, and mismatch-repair deficient signatures) with substantial ctDNA positivity. This is significant because it supports CSF-based profiling as a practical approach to guide diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in children with CNS tumors.

Nobre L, Nakano Y, Burns I et al. · The Journal of clinical investigation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Non-cancer immunology & immune-mediated disease

Clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of nephropathic cystinosis.

This article reviews clinical diagnosis and management strategies for infantile nephropathic cystinosis, a CTNS-related lysosomal storage disorder affecting patients who develop renal Fanconi syndrome in the first 2 years of life. It highlights that cysteamine therapy (introduced in the 1970s) and advances in dialysis and transplantation have improved survival into adulthood, while emphasizing ongoing monitoring and treatment principles. The clinical significance is providing updated, evidence-based guidance for managing CTNS-driven cystine accumulation and its multi-organ complications.

Hohenfellner K, Wühl E, Haffner D et al. · Nature reviews. Nephrology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Single-cell RNA sequencing of terminal ileal biopsies identifies signatures of Crohn’s disease pathogenesis.

This study performed single-cell RNA sequencing on terminal ileal biopsies to define Crohn’s disease (CD) pathogenesis signatures in 111 CD patients and 232 healthy controls using an integrated scRNA-seq dataset (IBDverse) covering over 1.1 million cells. It identified CD-associated epithelial changes, including interferon-driven upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules that persisted in progenitor cells after macroscopic inflammation. Scientifically, these signatures refine cell-type-specific mechanisms of CD and provide candidate genes/pathways for targeted therapies.

Krzak M, Alegbe T, Taylor DL et al. · Nature genetics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

HLA-DRB1*01:03 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a genotype-phenotype association study.

This genotype-phenotype association study evaluated HLA-DRB101:03 across the full spectrum of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subphenotypes in patients of inferred European ancestry recruited from more than 100 UK hospitals, focusing on associations with severe ulcerative colitis and with neutralizing auto-antibodies against IL-10. The key finding was that HLA-DRB101:03 contributes to specific IBD subphenotypes beyond classic severe ulcerative colitis, including links relevant to IL-10–neutralizing autoimmunity. Scientifically, it refines the immunogenetic stratification of IBD and may help identify patients at risk for particular disease mechanisms and outcomes.

Zhang Q, Shakweh E, Sharip MT et al. · The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Lysosomal TMEM165 remodels calcium signaling to drive hypoxia adaptation and tumor progression.

This study investigated the lysosomal calcium transporter TMEM165 as a hypoxia-responsive regulator of cellular homeostasis in cells exposed to low oxygen. Under hypoxia, TMEM165 expression increased, driving calcium redistribution from the endoplasmic reticulum to lysosomes and expanding lysosomal calcium storage, which then regulated autophagy and promoted hypoxia adaptation and tumor progression. Scientifically, it identifies TMEM165-mediated lysosomal Ca2+ remodeling as a mechanistic node linking hypoxia stress to autophagy control and cancer progression.

Zeng Y, Chen M, Cao Y et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Expression of Apolipoprotein L1 Risk Variants at the Plasma Membrane and Haplotype-Dependent Cytotoxicity.

This study examined how apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) risk variants G1 and G2 cause cytotoxicity, using heterologous expression in HEK-293 cells and human podocytes. The authors found that APOL1 variants traffic via actin filaments to the plasma membrane, where both non-risk APOL1 G0 and risk variants form non-selective cation-permeable pores (Na+ and Ca2+) with basal functional activity, with haplotype-dependent cytotoxicity. These findings clarify pore formation and membrane localization mechanisms underlying APOL1-associated kidney disease risk in individuals of African ancestry.

Adebayo OC, Dallali I, Kerselaers S et al. · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Hyperglycemia aggravates vitiligo through succinate/SUCNR1-mediated T cell activation.

This study combined human case-control correlation and mechanistic mouse experiments to test how hyperglycemia aggravates vitiligo via succinate/SUCNR1-mediated T cell activation. The key findings were that hyperglycemia correlated with vitiligo, worsened disease in a mouse model, and that targeted metabolomics implicated succinate as a mediator acting through the succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) to activate CD8+ T cells. Clinically, it identifies an immunometabolic pathway that could be targeted to mitigate vitiligo severity in patients with hyperglycemia or diabetes.

Kang P, Chang Y, Wang T et al. · The Journal of clinical investigation · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Pancreatic islet α cell function and proliferation require the arginine transporter SLC7A2.

This mechanistic study investigated how pancreatic islet α cell function and proliferation depend on the arginine transporter SLC7A2 (Slc7a2) using cell culture, zebrafish, and knockout mouse models, with comparisons to human islet expression. The key finding was that SLC7A2 is the most highly expressed cationic amino acid transporter in α cells (about 3-fold higher than in β cells in mouse and human) and is required for α cell responses to circulating arginine. Scientifically, it identifies SLC7A2 as a critical molecular link in the liver/α cell amino-acid sensing axis that regulates glucagon secretion and glycemia.

Spears E, Stanley JE, Shou M et al. · The Journal of clinical investigation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Lipid Codes and Lipid-Binding Proteins as Central Regulators of Autophagy.

This mechanistic review synthesizes evidence that autophagy is regulated by lipid molecules and lipid-binding proteins rather than being purely protein-driven. It emphasizes how phosphoinositide microdomains and their kinases/phosphatases spatially coordinate phagophore nucleation, maturation, and lysosome reformation, and how other lipid pathways (sphingolipids/ceramide, phosphatidic acid/diacylglycerol metabolism, fatty-acyl composition, and acyl-CoA signaling) modulate autophagy. By integrating lipid-driven control points, it highlights actionable targets for understanding and potentially therapeutically manipulating autophagy.

Kumar A, Ghosh DK · BioFactors (Oxford, England) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

MoCox6 is a potential fungicide target regulating mitophagy in magnaporthe oryzae.

This mechanistic study investigated the mitophagy-regulating fungal protein MoCox6 in the plant pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae as a potential fungicide target. It showed that mitochondrial outer membrane disruption makes MoCox6 available to interact with cytosolic MoAtg5 and MoAtg14 to drive mitophagy, while MoSirt5-mediated desuccinylation at K144 weakens these interactions and restrains mitophagic flux, with Asp95 identified as a key residue at the MoSirt5–MoCox6 interface. By linking mitochondrial metabolic control to mitophagy regulation, the work identifies MoCox6 and its regulatory axis as promising targets for antifungal development.

Wu MH, Zhu XM, Klionsky DJ et al. · Autophagy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

STING1 senses mitochondrial damage to promote mitophagy.

This study investigated how STING1 regulates mitophagy in the context of mitochondrial damage, focusing on the PINK1-PRKN pathway. It found that upon mitochondrial damage, STING1 is recruited to damaged mitochondria in a process requiring PINK1 and VCP/p97-mediated degradation of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins, and that STING1 acts as an essential upstream regulator of PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy. The results expand the cGAS-STING1 pathway’s role beyond innate immunity to organelle quality control, highlighting STING1 as a potential target for modulating mitophagy in disease.

Huang ZB, Lin JY, Cheng LJ et al. · Autophagy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

[Relationship between family trauma, school bullying and suicidal behavior in adolescents: Regulatory effect of DRD2 gene polymorphism].

This study investigated differences in lymphocyte subset expression among patients with infectious pneumonia, immune-related interstitial lung disease (IRILD), and IRILD complicated by infection, aiming to identify immune markers to differentiate pneumonia types. The key finding was that lymphocyte subset profiles differed across these groups, supporting the use of immunological profiling as a laboratory approach to distinguish infectious pneumonia from IRILD phenotypes. This is significant because it may improve diagnostic stratification and clinical decision-making in patients with overlapping pulmonary inflammatory syndromes.

Bai H, Chen Y, Wang K et al. · Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Integrated Blood Inflammatory Ratios and Cerebrospinal Fluid Blood‒Brain Barrier Dysfunction Predict Relapse Risk in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

This retrospective cohort study developed and internally validated an integrated prognostic model for relapse risk in 152 patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) by combining blood inflammatory ratios with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction measures. The key finding was that integrating systemic immune activation (via inflammatory ratios) with CSF indicators of BBB dysfunction improved relapse risk prediction compared with single-dimension approaches. Clinically, this model could support more individualized relapse stratification in NMOSD beyond AQP4-IgG alone.

Zheng X, Shi J, Yin H et al. · Brain and behavior · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Challenge of diagnosing celiac disease in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus: lessons from long-term serological surveillance.

This 12-year retrospective single-center cohort study evaluated celiac disease (CD) screening and diagnostic thresholds in 282 pediatric patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Türkiye. The authors found that long-term serological surveillance using tTG-IgA testing could identify CD cases that may lack typical symptoms, and they assessed the performance of screening tests to propose optimal serological thresholds. The study is significant because it provides evidence to refine CD screening strategies in children with T1DM to enable earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Teke S, Tuna Kırsaclıoglu C, Turk NE et al. · Postgraduate medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Metabolic disease, obesity & cardiometabolic risk

Adiposity and cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized prospective evidence on adiposity measured by body mass index (BMI) and cancer risk across 25 cancer types using 226 studies and 1.5 million incident cancers. It found BMI was positively associated with risk of 19 cancers and inversely associated with 3, with associations varying by region and sex and including newly highlighted positive links for cancers such as glioma and bladder cancer. The significance is refining the epidemiologic map of how obesity influences cancer incidence to guide prevention and risk assessment.

Watts EL, Gonzalez-Feliciano A, Gunter MJ et al. · Nature metabolism · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Multi-omics reveals microbiota, metabolite, and immunological heterogeneity of age-related endotypes in type 1 diabetes.

This study integrated microbiome, metabolome, lipidome, and transcriptome data from 108 newly diagnosed pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients and 56 healthy controls to define age-related molecular endotypes. Patients were stratified into early-onset (<7 years), intermediate-onset (7–12 years), and late-onset (≥13 years) groups, and multi-omics analyses revealed distinct subgroup-specific signatures, including enriched microbial signals such as Acetatifactor in early-onset T1D. Scientifically, it supports that T1D has age-dependent biological heterogeneity, which could enable age-tailored prediction and interventions.

Pan L, Tan H, Yue T et al. · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Benefits and Harms of Pharmacologic Treatments in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Living Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis for the American College of Physicians.

This living systematic review and network meta-analysis synthesized randomized controlled trials of pharmacologic weight-management treatments in adults with overweight or obesity, including agents such as dulaglutide, exenatide, liraglutide, lixisenatide, naltrexone-bupropion, orforglipron, phentermine, phentermine-topiramate, retatrutide, semaglutide (and semaglutide-cagrilintide), and tirzepatide. The key finding was an updated comparative assessment of benefits and harms across these drugs for weight management in adults, integrating efficacy and safety outcomes across the evidence network. This is clinically significant because it informs guideline-relevant selection of anti-obesity medications by balancing expected benefits against adverse effects.

Damen JAA, Idema DL, Vernooij RWM et al. · Annals of internal medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions and Risk of Multimorbidity in Adults With Prediabetes.

This study analyzed long-term outcomes from the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) follow-up to assess whether lifestyle intervention or metformin (vs placebo) reduces risk of multimorbidity in adults with prediabetes. Over extended follow-up, the authors evaluated how these interventions affected the development of multiple chronic conditions rather than single-disease endpoints. The clinical significance is informing prevention strategies for reducing cumulative disease burden in high-risk prediabetes populations.

Salive ME, Tjaden AH, Ames JR et al. · JAMA · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Socioeconomic Factors and Their Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Comprehensive Review.

This comprehensive review synthesized evidence on how socioeconomic factors (e.g., income, poverty, food insecurity, education, health insurance, and migration) influence metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) prevalence, severity, and outcomes. The authors concluded that socioeconomic status and related social determinants act as upstream determinants that can increase MASLD risk and worsen disease trajectories through interacting environmental and lifestyle pathways. The review is significant for reframing MASLD prevention as not only a biomedical issue but also a social-structural one.

Wiering L, Demir M · Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Evidence-informed guidance for the clinical use of oral semaglutide in obesity management.

This evidence-informed guidance article synthesizes clinical trial and regulatory information on oral semaglutide for obesity management in adults. The key finding is that oral semaglutide—an oral GLP-1 receptor agonist—produces weight loss comparable to subcutaneous GLP-1 therapies and improves cardiometabolic risk factors, with effectiveness dependent on specific administration conditions. Scientifically and clinically, it provides practical prescribing considerations to help clinicians individualize oral semaglutide therapy for obesity and cardiovascular risk reduction.

Rubino D, Wharton S, Knight MG et al. · Postgraduate medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cardiovascular disease & perioperative risk

The E3 Ligase RNF115 Aggravates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy via Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of SPTBN1.

This mechanistic study investigated the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF115 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and its downstream target SPTBN1 in human heart failure tissues, mouse models, and cardiomyocytes. It reports that RNF115 is elevated in heart failure samples, in transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice, and in cardiomyocytes treated with angiotensin II (Ang II), and that RNF115 knockdown attenuates Ang II–induced hypertrophy via ubiquitin-mediated degradation of SPTBN1. The work identifies the RNF115–SPTBN1 axis as a potential therapeutic target to limit hypertrophy and heart failure progression.

Zu Y, Chen S, Chen J et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Sirolimus-Eluting Balloon With Provisional Stenting Versus Systematic Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation to Treat De Novo Coronary Lesions: A Randomized, Open-Label, Noninferiority Trial.

This multicenter, open-label, randomized noninferiority trial compared a sirolimus-eluting balloon (SEB) strategy versus systematic drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation for de novo coronary lesions in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The SEB used a biodegradable polymer microreservoir to elute sirolimus over 90 days, and the trial randomized patients 1:1 to an SEB-based approach with provisional stenting versus systematic DES (primary endpoint details are truncated). If noninferior, this strategy could reduce stent burden while maintaining efficacy for small coronary lesions (2–5 mm).

Spaulding C, Krackhardt F, Bogaerts K et al. · Circulation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Association of fat-to-muscle mass ratio with incident coronary artery disease and the potential role of metabolic signatures.

This UK Biobank study examined whether the fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR), measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, predicts incident coronary artery disease (CAD) and whether metabolic signatures explain the association in 398,435 participants free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and lipid-lowering therapy. Higher total and regional FMR (trunk/arm/leg) were associated with incident CAD, with sex-specific patterns and metabolic correlates suggesting mechanistic links. These findings support using FMR as a clinically accessible risk marker and motivate metabolic-signature–guided prevention strategies for CAD.

Hu K, Song Y, Lin Z et al. · Cardiovascular diabetology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Three-Dimensional Portal Vein Geometry Predicts Post-TIPS -Hepatic Encephalopathy and Variceal Rebleeding: A Multicenter Study.

This multicenter retrospective study evaluated whether preoperative three-dimensional portal vein geometry from computed tomography angiography (CTA) predicts 1-year post–TIPS overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) and variceal rebleeding (VRB) in 579 cirrhotic patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). The key finding was that inherent 3D portal venous geometry features—quantified as bifurcation angles (“Near”) and vessel segment tortuosity (“Far”)—were associated with subsequent OHE and VRB risk, supporting their use as independent prognostic biomarkers. Clinically, this could improve individualized risk stratification after TIPS using routine preoperative imaging-derived metrics.

Wan S, Li J, Zhang X et al. · Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Impact of Hypothyroidism on Short-Term and Long-Term Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

This retrospective longitudinal analysis assessed how hypothyroidism and preoperative thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels affect incidence of CABG and short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), including those receiving thyroid hormone replacement. The study found that hypothyroidism was associated with differences in postoperative risk compared with patients without thyroid disease and that abnormal preoperative TSH levels modified surgical risk. These results suggest thyroid status—particularly TSH—may be important for perioperative risk assessment and optimization in CABG patients.

Meneghini V, Beltrão FEL, Ismail A et al. · Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Neurodegeneration & dementia

Mechanisms of increased Alzheimer’s disease pathology with R47H and R62H TREM2 variants.

This study examined mechanisms of increased Alzheimer’s disease pathology associated with TREM2 variants R47H and R62H by comparing human post-mortem brains with and without AD and stratifying by heterozygosity for the protective CD33 polymorphism rs3865444. It found epistasis between CD33 and TREM2, with the protective CD33 allele normalizing differences in β-amyloid load observed in TREM2 variant carriers. The significance is mechanistic insight into how TREM2 and CD33 genetic risk interact to modulate amyloid pathology in AD.

Fancy NN, Willumsen N, Chau VMN et al. · Acta neuropathologica · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Dementia Risk After Recombinant Herpes Zoster Vaccination in Older Adults With a Recent Skilled-Nursing Facility Stay : A Target Trial Emulation.

Using a target trial emulation with the clone-censor-weight approach, this study estimated the association between recombinant herpes zoster vaccine (RZV) receipt within 12 months of entering a skilled-nursing facility (or after discharge) and subsequent dementia risk over up to 4 years in older adults with a recent skilled-nursing facility stay. The key finding was that RZV vaccination was associated with a lower risk of developing dementia compared with non-receipt, addressing limitations of prior observational studies and focusing on RZV rather than the discontinued live vaccine. This is clinically significant because it supports potential cognitive benefits of RZV in a high-risk older population, informing vaccination policy and counseling.

Hayes KN, Harris DA, McConeghy KW et al. · Annals of internal medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Resveratrol isomers with opposing activities target endonuclease G to modulate neurodegeneration and mitochondrial elimination.

This study tested whether resveratrol (RSV) isomers modulate mitochondrial endonuclease G (EndoG) and thereby affect paternal mitochondrial elimination (PME) in Caenorhabditis elegans. The authors found that trans-RSV and cis-RSV have opposing effects on EndoG activity—trans-RSV enhances and cis-RSV inhibits endonuclease activity—leading to opposite PME outcomes. This provides a mechanistic framework for using light-interconverting RSV isomers to tune EndoG-dependent mitochondrial elimination relevant to neurodegeneration and mitochondrial quality control.

Lin JLJ, Wu X, Redweik GAJ et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

TDP-43 Aggregation: The Healthy-Toxic Balance of the Prion-Like Domain.

This article reviewed the “healthy–toxic balance” of the prion-like domain of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), focusing on how reversible self-association and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) can be physiological yet become pathological. It synthesizes evidence that TDP-43 condensates can regulate normal RNA metabolism, while dysregulation shifts the system toward harmful aggregation seen in ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). The significance is a conceptual framework for therapeutic strategies that preserve beneficial TDP-43 dynamics while preventing toxic aggregation.

Zangrando L, Buratti E, Paron F · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Neurology & neuro-oncology (non-dementia)

Altered Dorsolateral Prefrontal Activation in Response to Verbal Fluency Task and Whole-Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity Strength in Acute Carbon Monoxide Poisoning.

This cross-sectional study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine brain activation during a verbal fluency task (VFT) and whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity strength in patients with acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning versus healthy controls. The key finding was altered dorsolateral prefrontal activation during the VFT and corresponding changes in resting-state connectivity, with fNIRS-derived oxyhemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) curve features in the frontotemporal cortex relating to cognitive performance. Scientifically, it supports fNIRS as a noninvasive tool to characterize neurocognitive network disruption after acute CO poisoning.

Pan JQ, Liang QJ, Tang MX et al. · Brain and behavior · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Infectious disease, vaccines & antimicrobial therapy

mRNA-based influenza vaccine expands the B cell response breadth in humans.

This observational human study assessed B cell responses in healthy young adults receiving either a licensed split-virion influenza vaccine or an investigative mRNA-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine over two consecutive seasons. It found that mRNA vaccination produced higher antibody titers and memory B cell frequencies and induced sustained germinal center reactions in draining lymph nodes in a subset of participants lasting at least 26 weeks. The significance is evidence that mRNA influenza vaccines can broaden and sustain B cell responses, informing vaccine design for improved protection.

Matz HC, Yu TG, Dixit K et al. · Nature immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections elicit antibodies that broadly neutralize mucinases of pathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella.

This study examined how antibodies from human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infections neutralize mucus-degrading virulence proteins, focusing on EatA (and its passenger domain EatAp) and homologs in Shigella and other diarrheagenic E. coli. The authors found that infection-elicited antibodies broadly neutralize mucinases, including EatA/SepA/Pic family enzymes that degrade the human MUC2 mucus barrier. These results support mucinase-targeted vaccine or antibody strategies to prevent ETEC- and Shigella-associated diarrheal disease in young children in low- and middle-income settings.

Buckley DP, Akhtar M, Thapa M et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Exposure to azithromycin and the effect of co-administration of rifampicin in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease.

This retrospective study measured azithromycin pharmacokinetic exposure in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease and quantified how co-administration of rifampicin alters exposure. The key finding was that rifampicin co-use decreases azithromycin exposure metrics (including AUC0-6h, Cmax, and Cmin) compared with azithromycin alone, based on therapeutic drug monitoring data from Radboudumc. This is clinically significant because it informs dosing/monitoring strategies to maintain effective azithromycin exposure during combination therapy for NTM.

Rodgers MP, Stemkens R, Dahl VN et al. · The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Risk With IL-17, IL-23/IL-12, or JAK Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified hepatitis B virus reactivation (HBVr) risk in patients with chronic or occult HBV infection treated with IL-17, IL-23/IL-12 (anti–IL-23/12), or JAK inhibitors without antiviral prophylaxis, and examined whether risk differed by anti-HBs status among anti-HBc–positive individuals. Across 29 studies (912 patients), the authors pooled HBVr incidence rates and compared reactivation risk across these immunomodulatory drug classes and serologic subgroups. The findings are clinically significant for guiding HBV screening and prophylaxis decisions when using IL-17/IL-23/12 or JAK inhibitors in HBV-infected patients.

Alhalabi M, Alshiekh HA · Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Impact of Respiratory Viral Codetections on RSV Disease Burden in Young Children in Primary Care.

This retrospective study assessed how respiratory viral codetections change RSV disease burden in children under 5 years in primary care and whether effects differ by specific codetected viruses. Using multiplex real-time PCR testing for RSV and other viruses in the RSV ComNet cohort (before passive immunization implementation), the authors found that codetection patterns meaningfully influenced RSV-associated burden estimates and varied depending on which additional viruses were present. These results highlight that accounting for viral coinfections is important for interpreting RSV burden and for planning pediatric respiratory infection prevention strategies.

Duijst L, Sankatsing V, Rizzo C et al. · Influenza and other respiratory viruses · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Microbiome & gut-brain/immune axes

Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome through the lens of gut‑derived uremic toxins.

This article reviewed how gut-derived uremic toxins contribute to cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome, particularly when renal function is impaired and intestinal barrier integrity is disrupted. It highlights that uremic toxin production and accumulation amplify inflammatory and vascular injury across CKM conditions, linking microbiome dysfunction to systemic disease progression. Clinically, it supports targeting gut barrier dysfunction and specific uremic toxins as potential strategies to reduce CKM risk and complications.

Xu C, Snelson M, Marques FZ · Gut microbes · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The gut microbiome in preterm infants: development, dysbiosis, and disease implications.

This review synthesized evidence on how the gut microbiome develops in preterm infants and how dysbiosis contributes to neonatal diseases, with emphasis on mechanisms relevant to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). It reports that preterm infants commonly develop a low-diversity, Bifidobacterium-depleted microbiome with expansion of pathobionts such as Enterobacteriaceae, and links this dysbiosis to NEC via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, bile acid dysmetabolism, and immune dysregulation. These findings support targeting microbiome development to prevent or mitigate NEC and other preterm-associated morbidities.

Tao E, Wang L, Yuan T · Clinical microbiology reviews · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Microplastics-Induced Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis Accelerates Alzheimer’s-Like Pathology and Cognitive Decline via the Gut-Brain Axis.

This animal study tested whether chronic oral exposure to 2-µm amine-modified polystyrene microplastics accelerates Alzheimer’s-like pathology and cognitive decline in 5XFAD mice. It found that microplastics accumulated in the gut, breached the epithelial barrier, selectively expanded the taurine-depleting pathobiont Bilophila while suppressing taurine-synthesizing commensals, and thereby amplified amyloid-β deposition, gliosis, synaptic loss, and impaired autophagic flux. These findings implicate gut microbiota–mediated gut-brain axis mechanisms as a potential pathway by which microplastics could worsen neurodegeneration.

Wu Z, Yang J, Zhang M et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

[Association between wearable-derived physical activity patterns and gut microbiota in older adults].

This study analyzed associations between wearable-derived real-world physical activity patterns and gut microbiota composition in 743 older adults from Eastern, Central, and Northern China. Using 180-day objective step data from smart wearables and fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3 region), the authors found that specific activity-pattern features (e.g., mean daily steps, step variability, and proportion of active days) were associated with differences in gut microbiota composition. These findings support using objective activity phenotyping from wearables as a potential, modifiable behavioral correlate of gut microbiome variation in older adults.

Gao J, Li W, Li X et al. · Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Reduces Lesion Severity and Medication Use in Canine Atopic Dermatitis: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial.

This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial evaluated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using daily oral lyophilized FMT capsules as an adjunct treatment in 46 client-owned dogs with naturally occurring canine atopic dermatitis (cAD), with 40 completing the study (FMT n=20, placebo n=20). Dogs receiving FMT had reduced lesion severity and used less symptomatic medication than placebo. The results support FMT as a potentially effective and safe microbiome-based therapy for cAD, warranting further veterinary translational studies.

Felten V, West EA, Martini F et al. · Veterinary dermatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Respiratory disease & pulmonary physiology

Airway Occlusions to Measure Inspiratory Effort, Respiratory Drive, and Lung Mechanics During Noninvasive Ventilation.

This multicenter feasibility study in 60 post-extubation hypoxemic patients evaluated whether airway occlusion maneuvers during noninvasive ventilation (NIV) can measure inspiratory effort, respiratory drive, and lung mechanics. End-expiratory and end-inspiratory occlusions quantified expiratory occlusion pressure (Pocc), 100-ms airway-pressure drop (P0.1), and plateau pressure, while calibrated esophageal manometry provided reference inspiratory effort via esophageal pressure swing (ΔPes). Demonstrating feasibility, it supports using these techniques to noninvasively phenotype NIV physiology and guide individualized respiratory management.

Murgolo F, Grieco DL, Soloperto R et al. · American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

E-cigarette aerosols induce the hydrolysis of lysosomal glycerophospholipids through PLA2G4A activation initiated by nicotine binding to CHRNA3/α3 nAchr in airway epithelial cells.

This study examined how e-cigarette aerosols affect airway epithelial cells by focusing on nicotine-driven signaling through CHRNA3/α3 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and PLA2G4A. In mouse airway epithelium and human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, nicotine from e-cigarette aerosols activated CHRNA3/α3 nAchr, leading to lysosomal glycerophospholipid hydrolysis via PLA2G4A, autophagosome formation through MTOR inhibition, and impaired autolysosomal degradation via lysosomal membrane permeabilization. These findings identify a molecular pathway connecting nicotine exposure to lysosomal dysfunction and airway epithelial injury, suggesting potential targets to mitigate e-cigarette–associated lung damage.

Yu Y, Xu S, Yang L et al. · Autophagy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Wound healing, regenerative medicine & biomaterials

Engineered Exosomal miR-146a-5p Reprograms BMSC Fate and Restores Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head.

This study investigated whether engineered exosomes delivering miR-146a-5p can reverse glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) by reprogramming bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) fate. In glucocorticoid-treated ONFH models, miR-146a-5p–loaded exosomes restored mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced oxidative stress, and reactivated mitophagy by targeting the TRAF6–NF-κB axis, reversing BMSC senescence and improving osteogenic outcomes. The work supports miR-146a-5p exosome therapy as a targeted approach to mitigate GC-driven mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired bone regeneration.

Lv Z, Cai X, Xu Y et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy for Intrauterine Adhesions and Endometriosis: Potential, Mechanisms, and Future Directions.

This review article assessed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for intrauterine adhesions (IUA) and endometriosis, outlining mechanisms and future directions. It argues that MSCs may address core pathologies such as fibrosis, inflammatory cascades, and impaired tissue regeneration that limit current treatments (e.g., adhesiolysis for IUA and hormonal suppression for endometriosis). The synthesis positions MSC-based approaches as a promising regenerative strategy, while emphasizing the need for clearer mechanistic understanding and optimized clinical translation.

Liu SH, He SY, Ji BQ et al. · FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Integrative Multiomics and Network Pharmacology Exploration of Active Components and Mechanisms of Action of Qufu Shengxin Ointment in Treating Chronic Nonhealing Wounds.

This work investigated the molecular mechanisms of Qufu Shengxin Ointment (QFSO) for chronic nonhealing wounds by integrating transcriptomic differential expression analyses with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and network pharmacology. The study identified chronic nonhealing wound–associated genes from GEO datasets and mapped QFSO active compounds to predicted targets to propose mechanism-linked pathways related to impaired wound repair processes. The integrative multiomics/network approach provides testable hypotheses for which QFSO components and molecular targets may drive therapeutic effects in chronic nonhealing wounds.

Chen H, Li Y, Chen D et al. · Mediators of inflammation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Bioelectric Reawakening by a Self-Powered Thermoelectric Hydrogel Accelerates Diabetic Ulcer Repair.

This study developed a self-powered ionic thermoelectric dual-network hydrogel to “reawaken” wound bioelectricity for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) repair, using thermoelectric materials that harvest the skin–air temperature gradient without external power. The hydrogel generated wound-relevant microcurrents under physiological temperature gradients and remodeled the DFU microenvironment, with luteolin incorporated to further modulate healing-related processes. The work supports a bioelectricity-restoring, self-powered therapeutic strategy as a promising approach to accelerate DFU healing.

Luo W, Zhang S, Sun H et al. · Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Clinical trials, guidelines & real-world evidence (non-mechanistic)

Multimodal Prehabilitation for Older Adults Undergoing Spinal Fusion : A Randomized Clinical Trial.

In a multicenter, open-label, assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial (NCT06140797) in adults aged 75 years or older undergoing elective spinal fusion in China, investigators compared multimodal prehabilitation plus Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (PREERAS) versus ERAS alone. The key finding was that the PREERAS strategy reduced 90-day postoperative complications compared with ERAS alone in this older surgical population. This is significant because it provides evidence for preoperative functional optimization as a practical approach to lower postoperative risk in elderly patients undergoing spinal fusion.

Wang S, Wang P, Li J et al. · Annals of internal medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Defining Cardiovascular Endpoints in Oncology Trials: Challenges and Opportunities: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

This American Heart Association scientific statement reviewed how cardiovascular endpoints should be defined and characterized in oncology trials, addressing challenges created by diverse cancer therapies and their vascular, myocardial, and metabolic toxicities. The key finding was the identification of inconsistent endpoint definitions and variable event characterization as major barriers, and the proposal of more standardized approaches to improve detection of cardiovascular safety signals. This is significant for clinical research because harmonized cardiovascular endpoint definitions can strengthen safety monitoring and improve the interpretability of oncology trial results.

Barac A, Guha A, Fleming TR et al. · Circulation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Low Back Pain: A Review.

This JAMA review studied the epidemiology, classification, and management evidence for low back pain in the general population. It emphasizes that most presentations are nonspecific low back pain (about 90%) and summarizes distinctions among acute, subacute, and chronic durations and when to evaluate for specific spinal disorders. The significance is improved clinical decision-making by aligning diagnostic workup and treatment approaches with the dominant nonspecific low back pain phenotype.

Cashin AG, Chou R, Weimer MB et al. · JAMA · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy or Chemotherapy After D2 Gastrectomy in Gastric Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This open-label phase 3 randomized clinical trial studied whether adding postoperative radiotherapy (RT) to S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) chemotherapy improves disease-free survival in adults aged 18–70 years with T4 or node-positive gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy at 5 tertiary hospitals in China. The trial tested adjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus adjuvant SOX chemotherapy alone, with the primary outcome focused on disease-free survival (DFS). If RT improves DFS, it would support a practice-changing adjuvant strategy for high-risk post–D2 gastrectomy gastric cancer using SOX plus RT rather than chemotherapy alone.

Wang X, Yan O, Zhou J et al. · JAMA network open · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Primary Prevention of Dyslipidemia: 10 Practice-Changing Takeaways from the 2026 ACC/AHA Multisociety Guideline.

This narrative review summarized 10 practice-changing takeaways from the 2026 ACC/AHA multisociety guideline on primary prevention of dyslipidemia in the United States. The key emphasis was earlier evaluation for dyslipidemia and consideration of potential genetic dyslipidemias starting in childhood, with subsequent screening at defined intervals. The significance is that it provides clinicians with updated, guideline-driven strategies to reduce future atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk through earlier identification and management.

Abramov D, Minhas AMK, Shapiro MD et al. · Current atherosclerosis reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

EHA Guidelines on management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and Richter transformation.

This article presents the 2026 European Hematology Association (EHA) guidelines for managing chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Richter transformation. It updates prior ESMO/CLL expert guidance and outlines recommended approaches for clinical management across the disease spectrum (specific recommendations are truncated in the abstract). These guidelines are significant for standardizing evidence-based care for CLL and for improving decision-making in Richter transformation.

Eichhorst B, Ghia P, Bosch F et al. · HemaSphere · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Psychological Distress and Disordered Eating in Adults Attending an Obesity Outpatient Clinic.

This observational study examined psychological distress and disordered eating behaviors in adults attending an obesity outpatient clinic in Krakow, Poland. It aimed to characterize mental health correlates of obesity and highlight their clinical relevance for comprehensive obesity care (methods and results are truncated in the abstract). The findings are intended to inform screening and integrated management strategies for psychological comorbidities in obesity treatment.

Cyranka K, Zych Z, Cyganek K et al. · Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Paediatric penile length: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed geographical variation and temporal trends in stretched penile length among prepubertal boys using PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases. It synthesized quantitative penile-length studies while excluding those involving congenital malformations, and aimed to generate reference values for early identification of developmental disorders (results are truncated in the abstract). The work is clinically significant for informing pediatric reference standards and reducing misclassification of normal variation as pathology.

Negri F, Belladelli F, Zhang CA et al. · BJU international · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Post-marketing safety surveillance of the novel muscarinic antipsychotic Xanomeline-Trospium for schizophrenia: A comparative disproportionality analysis against olanzapine based on FAERS data.

This post-marketing pharmacovigilance study analyzed FAERS reports (2024Q4–2025Q4) to characterize adverse event (AE) signals for the novel dual M1/M4 muscarinic antipsychotic xanomeline–trospium in schizophrenia and compare them with olanzapine. Using disproportionality methods (ROR, PRR, BCPNN, MGPS) plus Weibull time-to-onset modeling and subgroup/sensitivity analyses, it identified distinct real-world AE signal patterns for xanomeline–trospium relative to olanzapine. The findings support safer clinical monitoring and signal detection for this new antipsychotic in routine practice.

Zeng Y, Wang X, Wu H et al. · Psychiatry research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Rett syndrome and real-world treatment patterns of trofinetide in the United States.

This retrospective US claims analysis evaluated real-world trofinetide (TROF) treatment patterns in Rett syndrome (RTT) and predictors of non-persistence among patients initiating TROF. Using linked IQVIA Anonymized Patient Level Data and TROF pharmacy data (1 Jan 2021–30 Sep 2024), it assessed long-term use, restarts, dosing patterns, and persistence/non-persistence predictors in RTT individuals with defined pre- and post-index enrollment. The study provides practical evidence to inform adherence strategies and optimize TROF use in routine care for RTT.

Rashid N, Yakkala VK, Syed SS et al. · Journal of medical economics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Effects of Perioperative Music Interventions on Emotional Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Integrating Developmental Psychology and Music Education Perspectives.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated randomized controlled trials in children and adolescents (≤18 years) undergoing surgery to test whether perioperative music interventions reduce emotional outcomes such as preoperative anxiety, postoperative fear, and emergence delirium. Across included trials, music interventions showed beneficial effects on targeted emotional outcomes and related physiological measures, with subgroup analyses examining potential effect modifiers including age and type of music. The synthesis supports perioperative music as a low-risk, nonpharmacologic strategy to improve pediatric perioperative emotional well-being and potentially related physiologic stress responses.

Wen Y, Han J, Gao J et al. · Paediatric anaesthesia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Postpartum kidney assessment after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A practical framework for obstetric care.

This narrative review synthesized evidence on postpartum kidney assessment after hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, focusing on women with conditions such as pre-eclampsia. It proposes a practical obstetric framework to extend routine postpartum follow-up beyond blood pressure surveillance to include kidney evaluation, identifying that a clinically meaningful subgroup may have persistent renal abnormalities. The review highlights an actionable gap in postpartum care and supports earlier detection of long-term maternal renal risk after hypertensive pregnancy complications.

Corrêa LMA, Brandão LKV, Ferreira GD et al. · International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Comparison of Clinical Efficiency and Safety Between Intra-Articular Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Hyaluronic Acid for Hip Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus hyaluronic acid (HA) for hip osteoarthritis using pooled outcomes including VAS pain, Harris Hip Score (HHS), and WOMAC. The analysis found differences in clinical efficacy and safety between PRP and HA based on randomized evidence, with effect sizes calculated using standardized mean differences under a random-effects model. The results inform comparative treatment selection for hip osteoarthritis by weighing symptom improvement against safety considerations.

Zhang D, Ma SH, Wang HL et al. · Pain research & management · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Implementation of smoking cessation interventions in real-world lung cancer screening: a RE-AIM-guided scoping review.

This RE-AIM-guided scoping review studied real-world (nontrial) smoking cessation interventions implemented within lung cancer screening programs from 2013 onward. Across 55 included studies, the review synthesized implementation outcomes across Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance, highlighting gaps in how cessation support is delivered and sustained in practice. The work is significant for informing how lung screening programs can operationalize evidence-based cessation strategies beyond clinical trials.

Harrison NJ, Rankin NM, Paul CL et al. · Journal of the National Cancer Institute · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Recent advances for the pharmaceutical production of highly attenuated poxviruses as viral vector platforms.

This case report studied adjuvant topical mitomycin C (MMC) therapy after incomplete surgical resection of a conjunctival amelanotic melanoma in a 15-year-old Shih Tzu dog. The key finding was that topical MMC was used following debulking of tumor spread across the bulbar conjunctiva and third eyelid, with the report describing the clinical course and outcome after treatment. The case is significant as a veterinary ophthalmology example of MMC as a local adjuvant option when complete excision is not achieved.

Weber LG, Wolff MW · Expert review of vaccines · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

[Bone marrow infiltration of large B-cell lymphoma with clinical manifestations similar to systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report].

This case report studied an elderly female patient whose initial presentation of bone marrow infiltration mimicked systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but was ultimately diagnosed as large B-cell lymphoma. The key finding was that the clinical manifestations (e.g., edema and fatigue with laboratory abnormalities) were misleading for SLE and were attributable to lymphoma infiltration of the bone marrow. The report is significant because it highlights diagnostic pitfalls and the need to consider lymphoma when SLE-like presentations involve bone marrow involvement.

Ma D, Ma X, Chang T et al. · Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

[Expression and clinical significance of lymphocyte subsets in infectious pneumonia and immune-related interstitial lung disease].

This study examined the relationship between family trauma, school bullying, and suicidal behavior in adolescents and tested whether DRD2 gene polymorphism moderates these associations. The key finding was that adolescent suicidal behavior was associated with psychosocial stressors and that DRD2 polymorphisms had a regulatory (interaction/moderating) effect on these relationships. This is significant for identifying genetic and environmental risk pathways that could guide targeted prevention strategies for adolescent suicide risk.

Zhao D, Qi X, Huang B et al. · Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

[Health education preferences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus based on Big Five personality traits].

This cross-sectional study examined how Big Five personality traits relate to demographic factors and health education preferences in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using cluster sampling from community health centers in Shandong, China. The key finding was that T2DM patients’ health education preferences varied according to Big Five personality trait patterns identified via latent profile analysis (LPA). This is significant because it supports personalized health education strategies tailored to patient personality profiles to improve engagement and outcomes.

Yuan S, Min H, Chen P et al. · Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Clinical Study on Combining Traditional Chinese Medicine With Acupuncture for Treating Insomnia Accompanied by Anxiety.

This clinical study enrolled 120 patients with insomnia accompanied by anxiety and compared three groups: acupuncture plus traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), TCM alone, and conventional Western medicine. The combined acupuncture+TCM approach improved sleep quality and reduced anxiety (and depression) outcomes more than TCM alone and the Western medicine control. These findings provide preliminary clinical evidence that integrating acupuncture with TCM may be beneficial for treating comorbid insomnia and anxiety.

Mao XW, Bai P · Brain and behavior · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Methods, AI/ML & digital health

Sleep and dementia: Assessing established dementia-related factors using multivariable Mendelian randomization.

This study used two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization to test whether genetically predicted sleep characteristics and other dementia risk factors influence risks of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia outcomes in populations represented by UK Biobank (sleep instruments) and FinnGen (dementia outcomes). Inverse-variance weighted MR identified sleep-related causal associations with dementia outcomes, and multivariable MR assessed how additional dementia-relevant factors modify these relationships. These findings help clarify whether sleep is a causal dementia risk factor and which correlated risk pathways may be targets for prevention.

Guo Y, Wang R, Sindi S et al. · Alzheimer’s & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer’s Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Efficient prime editing in vivo and in vitro using lipid nanoparticles.

This work developed and tested a systematic prime editing lipid nanoparticle (PE-LNP) optimization platform to improve in vivo and in vitro prime editing efficiency for the three-component prime editing system. The key finding was that optimized PE-LNPs achieved substantially higher average in vivo prime editing efficiency (reported as 49% average in the abstract) by addressing cargo design bottlenecks. This is significant because it advances a non-viral LNP delivery approach toward more effective clinical-grade genome editing.

Jiang AY, Cristian A, Brooks DL et al. · Nature nanotechnology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Plasma proteomic signatures of cellular aging predict human disease.

This study used plasma proteomics and machine learning across 60,542 individuals to estimate biological age across more than 40 cell types and tested whether these cellular aging signatures predict human disease outcomes. It found that 20–25% of individuals showed accelerated aging in a single cell type and that aging signatures were associated with disease status and predicted incident disease and mortality over 15 years, with APOE4 carriers showing older astral glial signatures. Clinically and scientifically, this supports plasma proteomic “cellular aging” as a scalable biomarker for future risk stratification.

Ding DY, Bot VA, Chen KL et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

An AI-Based OCT System to Detect Diabetic Macular Edema: A Prospective Validation and Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial.

This prospective validation and noninferiority randomized clinical trial evaluated an AI-based optical coherence tomography (AI-OCT) system for detecting diabetic macular edema (DME) within a diabetic retinopathy screening pathway in clinical settings in Hong Kong. The key finding was the AI-OCT system’s diagnostic and referral performance, demonstrating noninferior performance compared with the standard screening pathway while aiming to reduce false-positive referrals to specialist eye clinics. Clinically, this supports integrating AI-OCT into routine screening to improve efficiency and reduce unnecessary specialist workload for patients at risk of DME.

Zhang S, Ran A, Zhou J et al. · JAMA · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Nurses’ and Physicians’ Experiences With Digital Remote Patient Monitoring-Transforming the Boundaries of Breast Cancer Care.

This qualitative exploratory study interviewed nine nurses and physicians in the Norwegian specialist health service to explore expectations and experiences with digital remote patient monitoring for breast cancer patients. Nurses and physicians reported themes including patient empowerment through remote communication, workflow changes with efficiency gains alongside hidden burdens, and clinical judgment challenges in remote monitoring. The findings support designing remote monitoring systems and workflows that preserve clinical judgment while improving communication and reducing unrecognized workload for breast cancer care teams.

Spillum MG, Sahlberg GKK, Skjerven HK et al. · Journal of clinical nursing · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Prescribing Caution: A Critique of OpenEvidence to Answer Medication-Related Questions.

This article critically reviewed the evidence for using OpenEvidence, a medical large language model (LLM), to answer medication-related clinical questions from a pharmacist perspective. Using two illustrative examples, the authors highlight inaccuracies in OpenEvidence’s responses and errors in source summarization for pharmacotherapeutic content. The paper emphasizes the need for cautious, responsible oversight when deploying OpenEvidence for medication-related decision support.

Bergsbaken JM, Wilson P, Vandagriff S et al. · Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy : JACCP · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Predicting major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in chronic heart failure: a machine learning study.

This retrospective machine learning study used baseline clinical data from 271 chronic heart failure patients to develop and validate a model predicting major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The key finding is that the model can stratify risk for MACCE and identifies key predictive features driving the predictions. Clinically, such an ML-based tool could support earlier identification of high-risk HF patients and improve targeting of preventive interventions.

Feng S, Fan B, Bai J et al. · Annals of medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Generated automatically on June 16, 2026 from PubMed’s trending articles. Summaries are AI-generated; always consult the original publication for clinical or research decisions.