PubMed Trending Research Digest — June 27, 2026

Automated digest · 98 articles · 15 research areas · June 27, 2026

Overview

This week’s digest is dominated by cancer immunology and precision oncology: multiple studies dissect how tumor-intrinsic signaling, metabolism, and stromal/immune interactions determine response to immune checkpoint blockade, and several propose actionable targets (e.g., lactate–epigenetic chemokine signaling, NEK9-driven immune evasion, DGAT1-mediated lipid suppression of CD8+ function, and TMEM184A-dependent loss of MHC-I). In parallel, translational work emphasizes better patient stratification—using plasma metabolite signatures, ctDNA dynamics, and AI-guided frameworks for therapy selection—reflecting a broader shift from one-size-fits-all immunotherapy toward mechanism-based, biomarker-informed treatment.

A second major thread links the gut and systemic physiology to disease risk and immune outcomes. Trials and mechanistic animal studies highlight that microbiome composition and microbial metabolites (including bile acids and tryptophan-derived neurometabolites) can causally influence cardiometabolic traits, neurobehavioral comorbidities, and even hypertension biology. Complementing this, studies on stress–microbiota–immune circuits show how environmental factors can reprogram tumor immunity, reinforcing the idea that host biology (including microbiota) is an active determinant of therapeutic success.

Finally, neurodegeneration and cellular quality-control mechanisms remain prominent, with work on proteotoxic-stress cell death programs (karyoptosis), autophagy reversibility, and durable gene-silencing strategies in ALS models. Across these themes, the common message is that understanding the “control knobs” (metabolic constraints, immune sensing pathways, and proteostasis/autophagy state) can reveal new therapeutic leverage points—often with the help of advanced structural biology, single-cell multiomics, and AI.

---

Microproteins & smORF-encoded regulators

The metabolic basis of regulated cell death.

This review studied how regulated cell death (RCD) is shaped by cellular metabolism across biological systems. It found that bioenergetic capacity, redox balance, lipid composition, and metal availability act as metabolic “gatekeepers” that bias cells toward survival or specific death modalities, coordinated by organelle-resolved metabolism and inter-organelle communication. The work is significant because it reframes RCD pathways as part of a metabolic continuum, informing future therapeutic strategies that target metabolic constraints rather than only canonical death signaling.

Liu J, Wang J, Kang R et al. · Cell metabolism · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

A disinhibitory basal forebrain-to-cortex projection supports sustained attention.

This study examined the neural circuit basis of sustained attention in mice performing an attention-demanding task, focusing on basal forebrain projections. It found that parvalbumin-expressing basal forebrain inhibitory neurons (BF-PV) mediate sustained attention, with BF-PV activity predicting trial-by-trial fluctuations in reaction time and accuracy and bidirectional optogenetic control of performance. The findings are clinically and scientifically important because they revise the role of basal forebrain cell types in attention and identify BF-PV inhibitory projections as a mechanistic target for modulating attentional stability.

Li SJ, Hangya B, Gupta U et al. · Cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

AI-driven discovery of GPNMB CAR T cells as a multi-cancer therapy.

This study used AI-driven target discovery to identify glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) as a CAR T cell target for multi-cancer therapy, leveraging human single-cell RNA-seq datasets from skin cancer and healthy tissue. It found that integrating single-cell data with public dataset refinement and large language model prioritization led to GPNMB nomination as a therapeutically promising target for CAR T development. The significance lies in providing an AI-to-therapy pipeline that can accelerate CAR T target identification for solid tumors by using tissue-specific tumor composition and feasibility filters.

Baker DJ, Frommer LM, Uslu U et al. · Cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The cGAS-STING pathway: Mechanism and medical implications.

This review studied the cGAS-STING innate immune pathway, which detects double-stranded DNA and triggers transcriptional and other effector responses. It found that beyond antiviral defense, cGAS-STING senses endogenous DNA produced during cellular stress, influencing tissue homeostasis and antitumor immunity while also contributing to inflammatory disorders. The significance is that understanding context-dependent cGAS-STING biology can guide emerging therapeutic strategies that either inhibit or modulate the pathway in disease.

Hooftman A, Keller A, Ablasser A · Cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

A multi-centre, phase 1a/1b dose escalation and expansion study of the HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate T-Bren (BL-M07D1) in advanced breast cancer and other solid tumours.

This phase 1a/1b clinical study evaluated the HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate T-Bren (BL-M07D1; trastuzumab brengitecan) in patients with advanced breast cancer and other solid tumors. It found that T-Bren, an ADC with a cathepsin B-cleavable linker and a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload (Ed-04), was administered in a dose-escalation/expansion design to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary antitumor activity. The study is significant because it tests a next-generation HER2 ADC with a defined payload/linker mechanism for efficacy and tolerability in heavily pretreated solid-tumor populations.

Yao H, Zhao R, Lai X et al. · EBioMedicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Benzo(a)pyrene aggregating lung inflammation via inducing IL1R1 expression in asthma: Insights from network toxicology, single-cell transcriptomics, and Mendelian randomization.

This study investigated how benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) drives lung inflammation in asthma, integrating network toxicology, single-cell transcriptomics, and Mendelian randomization in mechanistic and causal analyses. It found that BaP toxicity in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced BALB/c mouse asthma model was linked to induction of IL1R1 expression, supported by predicted asthma-relevant target genes and causal inference from Mendelian randomization. The significance is that it identifies IL1R1 as a mechanistic node connecting BaP exposure to asthma inflammation, offering a potential target for risk mitigation or therapeutic intervention.

Lu X, Ji S, Liu J et al. · Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Impact of living environmental quality on sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from cross-sectional and cohort analyses.

This study examined whether living environmental quality is associated with sarcopenia risk in middle-aged and older adults using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). It found that environmental quality—quantified by a composite score based on indicators including outdoor PM2.5 exposure—was associated with sarcopenia risk in both cross-sectional (n=12,883) and cohort (n=6,248) analyses. The significance is that it links modifiable environmental exposures to sarcopenia epidemiology, supporting public-health strategies to reduce exposure burdens in aging populations.

Huang L, Huang Y, Chen Y et al. · The journal of nutrition, health & aging · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Donor Selection and Human Leukocyte Antigen Loss Leukemia Relapse After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

This multicenter study analyzed 533 leukemia/hematologic cancer relapses after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) to determine how donor selection relates to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loss and relapse. It found that genomic loss of mismatched HLA (HLA loss) was assessed using a newly developed next-generation sequencing pipeline and that clinical and immunogenetic factors were associated with HLA loss, with implications for relapse outcomes. The significance is that it clarifies determinants and consequences of HLA immune evasion after allo-HCT, informing donor selection and post-transplant risk stratification.

Fleischhauer K, Toffalori C, Cugnata F et al. · Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy and Immediate Intensive Statin in Mild Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Trial.

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2-by-2 factorial trial studied whether combining dual antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel-aspirin) with immediate intensive statin therapy improves outcomes in patients with acute mild ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) in China. It found the trial design to test the synergistic effect of the two interventions initiated within 72 hours of symptom onset, comparing combination versus each component using a multicenter approach across 222 hospitals. The significance is that it directly addresses whether early combined antithrombotic and lipid-lowering strategies provide additive benefit in a high-risk, time-sensitive stroke/TIA population.

Pan Y, Gao Y, Chen W et al. · Neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Herpes zoster as a potential clinical marker of undiagnosed Type 2 diabetes in older adults: a retrospective cohort study.

This retrospective cohort study evaluated whether herpes zoster can serve as a clinical marker of previously undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults aged 65–84 years. It compared herpes zoster patients (ICD-10 B02) versus matched controls without herpes zoster using TriNetX electronic health records (2006–2024) with propensity score matching, aiming to measure newly diagnosed T2DM risk. The significance is that if herpes zoster predicts unrecognized T2DM, it could enable earlier screening and intervention in an older population at elevated metabolic risk.

Lai SW, Liao KF · Family practice · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Cost-Effectiveness of Pharmacologic Therapies for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis With Significant Fibrosis in the United States.

This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of resmetirom, semaglutide, and tirzepatide versus standard of care in U.S. adults with biopsy-confirmed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and F2–F3 fibrosis using a lifetime Markov cohort model. The key finding was that pharmacologic strategies for MASH with significant fibrosis can be value-relevant for U.S. payers, with comparative cost-effectiveness driven by modeled fibrosis regression and MASH resolution efficacy inputs from a Bayesian network meta-analysis. These results support payer-relevant economic prioritization of emerging MASH therapies in patients with intermediate fibrosis, informing coverage and guideline implementation decisions.

Abdeen AA, Ayer T, Biswas A et al. · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Smell and Taste Disturbances Among Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Users.

This multicenter retrospective cohort study assessed whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are associated with smell and taste disturbances using TriNetX electronic health records from December 5, 2017 to April 20, 2026 with up to 2 years of follow-up. The key finding was that GLP-1 RA exposure was associated with an increased risk of documented smell and taste disturbances compared with nonuse (direction and magnitude as reported in the full abstract). Clinically, the study highlights a potentially underrecognized adverse effect of GLP-1 RAs that may affect quality of life and warrants monitoring and patient counseling.

Zontag J, Zontag N · JAMA otolaryngology— head & neck surgery · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Medical Record Abstraction for Quality Improvement in Sepsis Care Using Artificial Intelligence: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

This single-blind, unstratified cluster randomized trial tested whether near-real-time quality measurement using large language models (LLMs) for medical record abstraction improves adherence to the CMS Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle (SEP-1) in two academic emergency departments within the UC San Diego health system. The key finding was that LLM-enabled abstraction improved SEP-1 quality performance compared with usual manual quality reporting. Scientifically and operationally, it supports deploying LLMs to automate quality measurement workflows and potentially improve sepsis care processes at the point of reporting.

Boussina A, Allison C, Quintero K et al. · JAMA network open · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Diet Quality and Dementia Risk in Older Adults With Alzheimer Pathology.

This cohort study examined whether diet quality is associated with dementia risk in adults aged 60 years or older across levels of Alzheimer disease pathology (p-tau217) and broader neurodegenerative/glial biomarkers (NFL and GFAP) using Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholme data. The key finding was that higher diet quality was linked to lower dementia risk, with the association varying by biomarker-defined neurobiological context. These findings suggest diet quality may help buffer dementia onset even in individuals with Alzheimer pathology, supporting nutrition as a modifiable risk factor alongside biomarker stratification.

Mrhar A, Carballo-Casla A, Grande G et al. · JAMA network open · (2026) · 2 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer and Exceptional Response to PARP Inhibitors.

This study analyzed long-term outcomes and genotype–phenotype associations in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (PS-ROC) who achieved exceptional response to maintenance poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. The key finding was that exceptional responders can experience durable benefit, while also characterizing risks of late progression and hematologic malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinically, the results inform decisions about optimal PARP inhibitor duration and surveillance strategies in exceptional responders beyond standard “continue until progression/toxicity” recommendations.

Haggstrom L, Lee YC, Barretina-Ginesta MP et al. · JAMA oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel, Trastuzumab, and Pertuzumab for Stage II to III, ERBB2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the DAPHNe Trial.

This prespecified secondary analysis of the prospective, single-arm phase 2 DAPHNe trial evaluated 5-year outcomes and ultrasensitive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics using an ultrasensitive assay in patients with stage II–III ERBB2-positive breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant paclitaxel, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab (THP). The key finding was that ctDNA dynamics measured with an ultrasensitive approach correlated with long-term outcomes over 5 years in this ERBB2-positive population. Scientifically, it supports ctDNA monitoring as a potential tool for risk stratification and treatment response assessment in abbreviated neoadjuvant HER2-targeted regimens.

Tarantino P, Li T, Ogayo ER et al. · JAMA oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and risk of pancreatic cancer: an analysis of 2.3 million participants in the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer (DCPP).

This pooled analysis used data from 2,315,406 participants across 23 prospective cohorts in the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer (DCPP) to test whether adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with pancreatic cancer risk. The key finding was that higher Mediterranean diet adherence was associated with a lower incidence of pancreatic cancer over long follow-up (mean 8.1–23.3 years), with effect estimates reported in the full abstract. These results strengthen evidence for diet as a modifiable risk factor for pancreatic cancer and can guide prevention strategies at population scale.

Shen Q, Mobley C, Wang M et al. · European journal of epidemiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Advances in Clinical Management Strategies for Sarcopenia: From Exercise and Nutrition to Pharmacotherapy and Comprehensive Interventions.

This article is a narrative review summarizing evidence-based clinical management strategies for sarcopenia, focusing on exercise and nutrition as well as pharmacotherapy and comprehensive interventions in older adults. The key finding is that exercise—particularly high-intensity resistance training—is the cornerstone, while pharmacologic and multimodal approaches may provide additional benefit depending on patient characteristics and evidence strength. Clinically, it consolidates current management options to support integrated care pathways for sarcopenia in aging populations.

Xue F, Xu H, Yao X et al. · Molecular neurobiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Characterization and outcomes of severe complications after autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: a retrospective multicenter study.

This retrospective multicenter observational study characterized severe complications and outcomes after autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) and identified factors associated with ICU admission outcomes in France. Among 6,342 ASCT recipients, 355 (5.6%) required ICU admission within 90 days of conditioning, and the study reported clinical characteristics, management patterns, and outcome-associated predictors (details in the full abstract). Scientifically and clinically, it provides risk context for post-ASCT critical illness and can inform ICU triage, monitoring, and supportive care planning.

Le Cacheux C, Bastien M, Le Thuaut A et al. · Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Genotoxic antibody-drug conjugates combined with BCL-XL inhibitors enhance therapeutic efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

This preclinical study investigated whether genotoxic antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combined with BCL-XL inhibitors enhance therapeutic efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The key finding was that adding a BCL-XL inhibitor to a genotoxic ADC strategy improved anti-tumor efficacy compared with ADC alone, consistent with overcoming resistance mechanisms. These results support rational combination design targeting apoptosis/mitochondrial survival pathways to improve ADC durability in mCRPC.

Semenova G, Frank SB, Dumpit R et al. · The Journal of clinical investigation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

SynaptoTagMe, a toolkit for in vivo mapping and modulating neurotransmission at single-cell resolution.

This eLife study developed SynaptoTagMe, a genetic toolkit in Caenorhabditis elegans for in vivo mapping and conditional modulation of neurotransmission at single-cell resolution. It engineered endogenously tagged vesicular transporters for glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, and monoamines to enable bright, stable visualization while preserving physiological function, and it included conditional ablation/perturbation capabilities. The scientific significance is that it enables transmitter-specific, vesicle-level tracking and manipulation in living animals to dissect synaptic organization and regulation.

Cuentas-Condori A, Chanabá-López P, Thomas M et al. · eLife · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Structural insights into the recruitment of viral type 2 IRES to ribosomal preinitiation complex for protein synthesis.

This eLife study used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to determine structural details of how the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) type 2 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) recruits the 43S preinitiation complex to form a 48S PIC. It resolved the EMCV IRES-bound mammalian 48S PIC in a scanning-arrested closed state at the start codon, clarifying roles of eIF4G, eIF4A, and the essential ITAF PTB1 in the recruitment process. The significance is that it provides mechanistic structural insight into picornavirus translation initiation, informing antiviral strategies targeting IRES–host factor interactions.

Das D, Hussain T · eLife · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Translational Regulation of Sf1 Integrates Alternative Splicing and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate.

The study investigated how translationally controlled splicing of Sf1 integrates with Igf2bp2-mediated translation control to regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate decisions in stem and progenitor cells. Sf1 was identified as a key node whose translation is controlled by a conserved structured 5’ UTR cooperating with Igf2bp2, and disrupting this cis-trans module reduced the program that supports HSC fate transitions. This mechanistically links spliceosome regulation and translational control to human/mouse HSC fate, highlighting Sf1–Igf2bp2 as a potential target axis for controlling stem cell behavior.

Liudkovska V, Ciołek M, Grygorowicz D et al. · Blood · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Combining Quizartinib with intensive chemotherapy in older patients with newly diagnosed AML: results of the UK NCRI AML18 Trial.

This randomized UK NCRI AML18 trial studied adding the FLT3-pathway tyrosine kinase inhibitor quizartinib to intensive chemotherapy and then as maintenance in patients aged >60 years with newly diagnosed AML or high-risk MDS, stratified by FLT3 mutation status. Quizartinib was administered 40 mg for 14 days after chemotherapy courses 2 and 3 plus additional days, with further randomization to long versus short maintenance, and the trial reports overall survival as the primary endpoint (with long follow-up of 76 months). Clinically, the study tests whether quizartinib improves outcomes in older, newly diagnosed AML/high-risk MDS patients beyond chemotherapy, including in both FLT3 wild-type and mutant subgroups.

Knapper S, Thomas A, Hills RK et al. · Blood · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Progressive suppression of regulated cell death defines terminal macrophage states in liver cirrhosis.

The study examined how regulated cell death programs shape macrophage functional transitions and terminal states during human liver cirrhosis by integrating single-cell RNA sequencing across 31 adult liver samples. Using trajectory and pathway activity analyses of regulated cell death programs, the authors identified four disease-biased macrophage subsets and validated key regulated cell death programs in human liver tissue by dual immunofluorescence. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for how regulated cell death drives macrophage state progression in cirrhosis, potentially informing therapeutic strategies targeting death-pathway signaling to modulate fibrosis and immunity.

Zheng K, Dai L, Wen Y et al. · Annals of medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Dynamics and master transcription factors dependence of intestinal super-enhancers during differentiation and oncogenesis.

This work mapped intestinal super-enhancers (SEs) across the crypt–villus axis during differentiation and oncogenesis and tested dependence on master transcription factors in mouse genetic models. The authors generated a spatiotemporal SE map identifying compartment-specific SEs defining crypt and villus programs, and implicated CDX2, HNF4, and additional factors (as truncated in the abstract) as key drivers of SE dynamics. Scientifically, it clarifies how transcription factor networks govern SE remodeling during intestinal differentiation and tumorigenesis, offering targets for understanding and potentially intervening in intestinal cancer development.

Fang W, Huang S, Xiao R et al. · Nucleic acids research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Extracellular Mitochondria Mediate Endothelial Injury After Traumatic Brain Injury.

The study investigated whether extracellular mitochondria (exMt) mediate endothelial injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice and in circulating samples from TBI patients. In severe TBI, morphologically intact, metabolically active exMt were abundant in brain-derived extracellular vesicles in peripheral blood of mice, and the study evaluated exMt’s role in TBI-induced secondary endothelial dysfunction. This supports a mechanistic link between circulating exMt and systemic vascular injury after TBI, suggesting exMt as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target to reduce secondary complications.

Tang L, Liu Y, Pang K et al. · Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Gradient of CD79B expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma corresponds to stages of germinal center B-cell differentiation.

This study evaluated CD79B protein expression patterns in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and related them to germinal center B-cell differentiation stages and cell-of-origin (COO) subtypes. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 590 de novo DLBCL cases, the authors found a CD79B expression gradient across COO subtypes with ABC-DLBCL showing the lowest expression and GCB and dark-zone signature-positive cases increasing in expression, validated in an independent cohort of 272 cases. Clinically, the results refine expectations for CD79B-targeted therapy sensitivity (e.g., polatuzumab-vedotin) by linking CD79B levels to differentiation stage and COO biology.

Naoi Y, Chijimatsu R, Urata T et al. · Haematologica · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

[Kawasaki disease: the update of American Heart Association guidelines. What adult cardiologists need to know].

This article is an update for adult cardiologists summarizing the American Heart Association guideline recommendations for Kawasaki disease (KD). It reviews diagnostic criteria for classic KD and emphasizes the clinical importance of coronary involvement and cardiovascular complications, which can occur in a substantial fraction of patients. The significance is practical: it helps clinicians apply current KD diagnostic and management guidance to reduce the risk of missed disease and coronary sequelae.

Calcaterra G, Oreto L, Perrone M et al. · Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Hodgkin lymphoma: EHA Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.

This publication provides European Hematology Association (EHA) clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). It outlines risk-group allocation using PET/CT and staging, and summarizes standard regimens such as ABVD with involved-site radiotherapy for early-stage favorable classic HL and PET/CT-adapted strategies for other settings. The significance is clinical standardization, guiding evidence-based management decisions across HL subtypes and risk categories.

Eichenauer DA, André M, Borchmann P et al. · HemaSphere · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

SSGJ-608 in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase 3 study.

This phase 3 multicenter randomized open-label trial studied the anti–IL-17A monoclonal antibody SSGJ-608 in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis using two dosing intervals (80 mg every 2 weeks vs 160 mg every 4 weeks) after a starting dose. A total of 770 patients were randomized to receive subcutaneous SSGJ-608 in the Q2W regimen (with a 160 mg week-0 start) or the Q4W regimen, with efficacy and safety outcomes assessed over the study period (details truncated). The significance is to determine whether specific dosing schedules of SSGJ-608 improve clinical outcomes and tolerability for plaque psoriasis patients.

Cai L, Chen J, Wu L et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Metabolomic signatures of dietary carbohydrates and differential association with type 2 diabetes.

This study used nutritional metabolomics to derive metabolomic indices of dietary carbohydrate amounts and food sources and tested their associations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. Indices were developed from 1,196 healthy participants with 7-day diet records using elastic net regression with cross-validation and were replicated using feeding menu data among 153 women. Scientifically, it aims to identify diet-specific metabolomic signatures that can explain and potentially predict T2D risk based on carbohydrate type and quantity.

Wang X, Xia P, Wang F et al. · Nature health · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A microprotein encoded by FERMT3 modulates endothelial cell protein catabolism and induces cell cycle arrest and senescence.

This study characterized a 69–amino acid microprotein (miP-FERMT3) encoded by the FERMT3 small open reading frame in endothelial cells, using confocal microscopy, mass spectrometry, RNA sequencing, and assays of proliferation and cell-cycle progression. miP-FERMT3 interacted with protein partners identified by mass spectrometry/immunoblotting and induced cell-cycle arrest and senescence while modulating endothelial protein catabolism. These findings suggest a new smORF-encoded regulatory microprotein mechanism that could influence vascular inflammation and endothelial aging.

Raheja M, Güven B, Szymanski W et al. · Cell communication and signaling : CCS · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Gut microbiome, probiotics, and metabolic syndrome

Antibiotics stimulate protein transfer to persister cells.

This work studied whether antibiotic treatment can drive functional protein exchange between bacterial cells, using Escherichia coli engineered to track vesicle-mediated transfer and single-cell transcriptomics to profile donor/recipient states. Antibiotics stimulated differentiation into donor cells that release protein-containing vesicles and recipient cells that suppress the incoming stress response, increasing horizontal protein transfer within and between bacterial species. The findings suggest a mechanism by which antibiotic exposure can accelerate adaptation and evolution through vesicle-mediated intercellular protein transfer.

Wen AX, Bos J, Panda D et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗

Effect of pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT on insulin sensitivity, body composition, and GLP-1 production in subjects with metabolic syndrome: impact of low baseline gut Akkermansia levels.

This double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial tested pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT (30 billion cells/day) in 142 adults with metabolic syndrome, stratified by presence of prediabetes, measuring whole-body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) and exploratory metabolic endpoints including GLP-1 production. Four months of daily pasteurized A. muciniphila MucT did not improve the primary endpoint of insulin sensitivity versus placebo in intention-to-treat analyses, although exploratory analyses indicated early metabolic effects after 3 months. The results clarify the clinical impact of probiotic-like pasteurized A. muciniphila therapy and highlight the importance of baseline gut Akkermansia levels for response.

Suenaert P, Segers A, Rymenans L et al. · Gut microbes · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Microbiome–bile acid signaling in cardiometabolic disease

Patronin facilitates neurite remodeling via epithelial-to-neuronal signaling.

This prospective national cohort study examined associations between three metabolic biomarkers—triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), cholesterol–HDL–glucose index (CHG), and C-reactive protein triglyceride glucose index (CTI)—and the risk of developing cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) in Chinese adults. The key finding was that higher levels of these metabolic indices were associated with increased risk of incident CMM over follow-up among 5,666 CHARLS participants. The significance is that these readily available biomarkers could support early risk stratification for cardiometabolic multimorbidity in the general population.

Xu W, Wang S, Lv X et al. · Cell communication and signaling : CCS · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Global Prevalence, Incidence, and Outcomes of Coexisting MASLD and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis.

This meta-analysis evaluated global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among adults (≥18 years) with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). It pooled CKD prevalence and incidence from observational studies using random-effects models (Hartung-Knapp adjustment) and reported prognostic implications, though the abstract text is truncated before the quantitative results. The findings are clinically important because they clarify how often CKD coexists with MASLD and how this comorbidity may affect outcomes worldwide.

Kueh MTW, Yeo JKW, Chen Y et al. · Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Gut microbiome drives glycodeoxycholic acid-mediated attenuation of hypertension.

This work investigated how gut microbiota and bile-acid signaling affect blood pressure by using CRISPR/Cas9 to generate TGR5 knockout (Tgr5KO) Dahl salt-sensitive rats and then assessing microbiome composition and bile-acid profiles, with glycodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) supplementation as a mechanistic test. Loss of TGR5 function remodeled the gut microbiome, increased secondary bile acids—especially glycodeoxycholic acid—and was associated with lower blood pressure compared with control Dahl S rats. The study supports a microbiome–bile acid–TGR5 axis in hypertension biology and identifies GCDCA as a candidate mediator.

Aryal S, Mell B, Tummala R et al. · Gut microbes · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Gut dysbiosis, tryptophan metabolism & neurobehavioral comorbidities

Novel genetic insights into causal effects of depression on non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases partially mediated by gut microbiota.

This study used univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization to test whether depression causally affects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk and whether gut microbiota mediate this relationship. Depression was found to causally increase NAFLD risk, and mediation analysis implicated the gut microbial genus Phascolarctobacterium as a partial mediator of the effect. These genetic causal insights highlight a depression–microbiome–NAFLD pathway that could inform microbiota-targeted prevention or treatment strategies.

Pan Y, Wang Y, Liu Y et al. · Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Proteomic Signatures of 3-Year Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.

This ARIC cohort study investigated plasma proteomic signatures associated with 3-year progression from impaired fasting glucose (IFG) to diabetes in participants transitioning from visit 2 (1990–1992) to visit 3 (1993–1995). Using SomaScan version 4.0 to measure 4,955 proteins and logistic regression with Bonferroni correction, it identified specific proteins whose levels were associated with IFG-to-diabetes progression. The clinical significance is that these proteomic markers may improve early risk stratification for diabetes development.

Rooney MR, Echouffo Tcheugui JB, Chen J et al. · Diabetes care · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) in Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, Endocrine, Neurological, and Postoperative Diseases: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

This narrative review summarized evidence on treatments for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) across gastrointestinal, hepatic, endocrine, neurological, and postoperative conditions. It emphasizes that rifaximin is the most extensively studied therapy, reporting an overall SIBO elimination rate of about 63% while noting that many studies lack robust controls. The significance is that it consolidates condition-specific treatment options and highlights evidence gaps needed for better comparative trials.

Maslennikov R, Agarkova V, Poluektova E et al. · Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Microbiome-driven alterations in tryptophan metabolism contribute to behavioral comorbidities in the Muc2 knockout mouse model of chronic colitis.

This study examined whether microbiome-driven changes in tryptophan metabolism contribute to neurobehavioral comorbidities in the Muc2 knockout mouse model of chronic colitis by comparing specific pathogen-free and germ-free Muc2−/− mice with Muc2+/+ controls and correlating neurometabolites with behavioral outcomes. Microbiome-dependent alterations in tryptophan-derived neurometabolites were linked to behavioral changes associated with chronic colitis. These findings connect gut dysbiosis and tryptophan metabolism to neurobehavioral symptoms relevant to IBD and suggest potential metabolic targets for comorbidity treatment.

Josephson JK, Barnett JA, Yuzbashian E et al. · Gut microbes · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Cholesterol sensing & hepatic LDL receptor trafficking

Dietary cholesterol activates a Ral-dependent pathway driving LDLR turnover.

This study tested how dietary cholesterol regulates hepatic LDL receptor (LDLR) turnover by identifying a Ral GTPase–dependent pathway that controls LDLR trafficking in response to cholesterol, focusing on post-transcriptional regulation rather than gene expression. Chronic dietary cholesterol activated Ral proteins via increased RAS activity, rerouted LDLR to lysosomal degradation, and inhibited LDLR recycling independently of transcriptional changes and PCSK9. The work defines a new cholesterol-sensing trafficking mechanism that could be exploited to modulate LDLR levels and cholesterol homeostasis therapeutically.

Feng X, Zhang S, Wang Y et al. · Nature · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

---

AI/ML for cardiovascular risk stratification (ECG and beyond)

Towards clinical-level interpretation of dental panoramic radiography using an instance-guided vision-language model.

The work developed DentFound, an instance-guided vision-language model (VLM), and trained it on a large multicenter dataset of >101,000 patients (ages 2–98) with panoramic dental radiographs covering 98 diseases and 11 post-treatment categories. DentFound generated more clinically useful diagnostic reports than state-of-the-art VLMs across multi-center cohorts. This supports scalable, more complete dental assessment and could reduce radiologist workload while improving consistency of panoramic radiography interpretation.

Zhu Q, Lin Y, Fu W et al. · Nature biomedical engineering · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

An ECG biomarker for sudden cardiac death discovered with deep learning.

This study developed a deep-learning ECG biomarker for sudden cardiac death by training a model on all electrocardiograms from a Swedish region linked to death certificates. The resulting classifier identified a high-risk subgroup (2.2% of the sample) with a substantially higher annual sudden cardiac death rate (7.0%) than groups defined by reduced LVEF. Clinically, this suggests a more sensitive ECG-based risk stratification approach that could improve targeting of defibrillators and reduce unnecessary interventions.

Obermeyer Z, Schubert A, Ross J et al. · Nature · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Innate immune sensing & STING pathway regulation

Lariat RNA debranching prevents harmful siRNA burst in plants.

This study examined how the plant lariat RNA debranching enzyme DBR1 affects lariat-derived small interfering RNA (lasiRNA) biogenesis in the context of pathogen infection. Debranching of lariat RNAs prevents production of 21- and 22-nt lasiRNAs that would otherwise trigger a burst of exonic siRNAs, thereby safeguarding plant development and defense responses. Scientifically, it links DBR1-mediated lariat processing to RNA-dependent RNA polymerase/Dicer-like (DCL4/DCL2) pathways that determine whether lariat RNAs are converted into gene-silencing siRNAs during stress.

Tang Q, Ding C, Zhang X et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The mutational landscape of STING-induced immunity.

This study mapped sequence determinants of STING (stimulator of interferon genes) (in)activation by developing a massively parallel sequence-function assay to chart how STING variants regulate downstream immune signaling. The key finding is a systematic sequence-function landscape that explains how specific sequence elements govern STING activation and signaling outputs. This provides a mechanistic framework for predicting STING behavior and for rational design of STING-targeted immunotherapies.

Zhang B, Xu P, Meng Y et al. · Nature · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Human embryogenesis & early developmental atlases

The E-cadherin-Wnt-mir-994 Axis Repurposes a Cadherin Switch for Niche Robustness and Germline Stem Cell Maintenance.

This study investigated how the E-cadherin–Wnt–miR-994 signaling axis repurposes a cadherin switch to maintain robustness and germline stem cell maintenance in the Drosophila ovarian niche. It found that N-cadherin loss is dispensable alone but becomes essential when E-cadherin is lost, with E-cadherin cell-autonomously repressing N-cadherin as part of a defined molecular circuit. The significance is that it reveals a context-dependent adhesion–Wnt–microRNA regulatory logic that stabilizes stem cell niches.

Tu R, Yau HL, Deng R et al. · Cell proliferation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Base editing reveals an essential role for NANOG in human embryogenesis.

The researchers applied adenine base editing (ABE8e) to precisely target an exon splice donor site in human embryos to test the role of the transcription factor NANOG in early embryogenesis. Base editing revealed that NANOG is essential for proper human embryonic lineage specification/maintenance, with splice-site disruption producing developmental defects. This establishes a less genotoxic, functionally precise genome-editing strategy for studying human developmental regulators and supports regenerative medicine applications.

Bower OJ, R Orsi AE, McMahon R et al. · Nature · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗

Epiblast diversification and blood formation in a human pregastrula.

This study profiled a human embryo at Carnegie stage 6 (~13–14 days post-conception) using high-resolution spatial transcriptomics to characterize epiblast diversification and blood formation during early pregastrulation. It identified an anterior visceral endoderm-like hypoblast population and a trifurcated epiblast trajectory leading toward amnion, primitive streak, and node/prechordal plate/notochord (axial mesoderm) lineages at subsequent stages. These data provide a detailed spatial atlas of early human developmental trajectories, improving understanding of when and how gastrulation-related lineage decisions begin.

Xiao Z, Gong Y, Yang X et al. · Nature · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

---

Pregnancy, COVID-19, and thromboembolism diagnostics

Antenatal Pulmonary Embolism Diagnostics in Pregnant Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Community Hospitals.

This retrospective multicenter cohort study evaluated diagnostic presentation and testing for suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) in pregnant outpatients (≥18 years) with community SARS-CoV-2 infection across 21 medical centers. SARS-CoV-2 infection altered PE presentation and pretest probability and affected diagnostic testing patterns, including D-dimer behavior, compared with pregnancy without SARS-CoV-2. These findings support more tailored PE diagnostic pathways in pregnant patients with COVID-19 to reduce misclassification and improve diagnostic accuracy.

Florio CJ, Heringer GV, Somers MJ et al. · TH open : companion journal to thrombosis and haemostasis · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Real-world oncology treatment patterns (ovarian cancer, PARP maintenance)

Niraparib treatment patterns and outcomes in first-line maintenance therapy for ovarian cancer: The RENI-1 study.

This prospective, multicenter, noninterventional real-world study (RENI-1) assessed niraparib as first-line maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients in China. Niraparib treatment patterns were characterized alongside efficacy and safety outcomes, providing real-world estimates of progression-free survival and tolerability in this population. The results help inform clinical decision-making for PARP inhibitor maintenance use in Chinese patients with ovarian cancer.

Zuo J, Wang K, Cui Z et al. · Chinese medical journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Pain management and perioperative interventions (acupuncture/needling)

Management of Chronic Migraine Without Aura with Classical Unani Formulations: A Case Report.

This case report studied the use of classical Unani formulations for chronic migraine without aura in a patient with refractory symptoms. The key finding was symptomatic improvement of chronic migraine features after treatment with the specified Unani regimen (melancholic type migraine/Shaqīqa Sawdāwiyya attributed to deranged black bile). Clinically, it provides preliminary, hypothesis-generating evidence for Unani-based therapy in chronic migraine, warranting controlled trials.

Anjum F, Aleem A, Akram U et al. · Advances in mind-body medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

[Study on the analgesic efficacy of thumb-tack needling therapy in patients after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection].

This randomized study evaluated whether thumb-tack needle therapy combined with routine nursing reduces postoperative pain in 76 gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) patients. Patients receiving thumb-tack needling at bilateral ST36 (Zusanli) and LI4 (Hegu) within 1 hour after surgery for 72 hours had a lower incidence of moderate-to-severe pain than controls receiving conventional postoperative care. The findings suggest a potentially safe, adjunct acupuncture-based strategy to improve post-ESD analgesia.

Ding N, Zheng Y, Zuo SQ et al. · Zhen ci yan jiu = Acupuncture research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

---

Epitranscriptomics & translational control in cancer

Advances and challenges of splicing prediction with AI.

This Nature Genetics review examined how AI-based computational models predict RNA alternative splicing, focusing on factors such as training data scale, event quantification, and model complexity. It concludes that quantitative splicing-event assessment and increasing model architecture complexity are key determinants of predictive performance. The synthesis provides a roadmap for improving splicing prediction tools for precision medicine and disease variant interpretation.

Shen N, You N, Liu C · Nature genetics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

RNA-Binding Proteins in Ageing and Age-Related Disease.

This review article examined how RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) contribute to aging and age-related diseases by regulating RNA splicing, stability, localization, translation, and degradation. It highlights evidence that RBPs modulate multiple molecular hallmarks of aging—such as genomic instability, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and chronic inflammation. The scientific significance is that RBPs emerge as mechanistic drivers and potential therapeutic targets for age-associated pathologies.

Alves Ferreira JM, Tukaiev S, Giannouli V · Neurology international · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

The role of RNA modifications in cancer translational control.

This review article examined how RNA modifications (epitranscriptomics) regulate cancer translational control across stages of protein synthesis. It proposes a translation-centric framework showing how chemical marks on mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs rapidly rewire the translational apparatus to adapt to tumor microenvironment stressors such as hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. This synthesis is significant for identifying mechanistic targets and therapeutic vulnerabilities in cancer beyond transcriptional regulation.

Joy M, Cleynen A, Shirokikh NE · RNA biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Ocular nutrition & age-related macular degeneration

Assessment of Dietary Nutritional Profile in Turkish Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

This cross-sectional assessment evaluated dietary nutritional profiles against Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) recommendations in Turkish patients with non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Using a translated and validated AREDS2 ocular nutrition questionnaire, the study characterized consumption patterns of key AREDS2 food groups (e.g., fish/shellfish, nuts, eggs, leafy greens). These data provide population-specific nutritional context that may guide dietary counseling and risk-modifying strategies for AMD.

Demirayak B, Bozkurt E, Tarakçıoğlu HN et al. · Turkish journal of ophthalmology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Neurodegeneration: proteostasis, autophagy, and cell death mechanisms

Proteostasis is disrupted in human endothelial cells by serum from ATTR patients and is rescued by tafamidis treatment.

This study examined whether serum from transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis patients (ATTRwt-CM and ATTRv-CM) disrupt proteostasis in human endothelial cells (HUVECs) and whether tafamidis rescues these effects. It found that exposure to ATTR patient serum impairs endothelial proteostasis/stress responses and that tafamidis treatment improves these serum-induced proteostasis defects, with effects assessed alongside cytokine and proteomic profiling and supported by recombinant TTR ± tafamidis experiments. Scientifically, it links tafamidis to endothelial proteostasis restoration, suggesting a vascular mechanism that may contribute to clinical benefit in ATTR amyloidosis.

Gianniou DD, Delialis D, Georgiopoulos G et al. · Amyloid : the international journal of experimental and clinical investigation : the official journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The Therapeutic Role of Exercise in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Underlying Mechanisms and Interactions with Antidiabetic Medications.

This review article examined how exercise therapeutically affects diabetic cardiomyopathy and how these benefits interact with antidiabetic medications. The key finding is that exercise improves cardiometabolic and cardioprotective pathways through multiple mechanisms (e.g., metabolic regulation and tissue protection) that may synergize or modify the effects of pharmacologic diabetes treatments. Scientifically and clinically, it frames exercise as an adjunct strategy with mechanistic rationale for reducing diabetic cardiac complications.

Nath ND, Thomas A, Yoshioka J · Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Innate immune crosstalk in ALS/FTD pathogenesis.

This review summarized innate immune crosstalk mechanisms driving ALS/FTD pathogenesis, focusing on how ALS/FTD genetic lesions and protein aggregates engage innate immune pathways. The key finding is that disease-associated proteins/genes (including TDP-43, SOD1, FUS, and C9orf72-derived dipeptide repeat proteins) activate interconnected innate immune signaling modules: cGAS–STING, NLRP3 inflammasomes, and TREM2–DAP12. The significance is that it positions innate immune activation as an active driver of progression and highlights pathway-level targets for therapeutic development.

Shu X, Yu X, Xu P et al. · Cell insight · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adult Patients With Fibromyalgia.

This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adult fibromyalgia (FM) patients without prior ADHD diagnosis and compared it with matched controls. It found that ADHD prevalence was higher in FM adults than in the general population controls and that ADHD symptoms related to FM impact measures (using tools including FIQ-R, HAQ-A, and MoCA to account for cognitive impairment). Clinically, it suggests ADHD screening may be important in FM management to address symptom burden and functional outcomes.

Moyano S, Berrios W, Cámpora N et al. · Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Associations of three metabolic biomarkers with the risk of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a national prospective study.

This study investigated how patronin promotes neurite remodeling through epithelial-to-neuronal signaling in Drosophila development, particularly in the context of dendritic pruning of class IV C4da sensory neurons. It found that epithelial cells can act as a signaling microenvironment that facilitates dendritic pruning prior to phagocytosis, with patronin playing a role in this epithelial-to-neuronal communication. The significance is that it uncovers a developmental mechanism linking cytoskeletal regulation (patronin) to coordinated pruning signals that refine neural circuits.

Jiang Y, Liu M, Chen H et al. · Lipids in health and disease · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Intravenous administration of an engineered AAV9-gene-silencing vector suppresses human SOD1 and extends survival in an ALS mouse model.

This study tested whether a single intravenous dose of an engineered AAV9 vector delivering dual miR-33 scaffold artificial microRNAs targeting human SOD1 could suppress SOD1 in the SOD1G93A ALS mouse model. The treatment achieved widespread, sustained SOD1 knockdown and extended survival compared with controls. The results support AAV9-delivered gene-silencing against hSOD1 as a durable, clinically relevant therapeutic strategy for autosomal dominant ALS.

Wan F, He J, Ma H et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Karyoptosis mediates cell death and neurodegeneration upon proteotoxic stress.

This study examined whether proteotoxic stress can trigger a distinct cell death program called karyoptosis and defined its regulation in the context of neurodegeneration. The authors showed that proteotoxic stress induces karyoptosis characterized by nuclear degeneration and expulsion of nuclear material, and they implicated p38 kinase signaling as a regulatory pathway. Identifying karyoptosis as a proteotoxic-stress–linked death mechanism broadens the repertoire of cell death beyond apoptosis and may reveal new targets for neurodegenerative disease.

Casterton R, Martinez-Cotrina A, Barnard J et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Illuminating the molecular basis of human daylight vision.

This study investigated the molecular basis of human daylight (photopic) vision by determining how human cone opsins OPN1SW (blue-sensitive) and OPN1MW (green-sensitive) achieve distinct spectral tuning and rapid responses. Using cryo-electron microscopy structures in dark-adapted states combined with femtosecond-resolution spectroscopy, functional assays, and simulations, the authors identified distinct chromophore stabilization features that underlie spectral differences between the two cone subtypes. Clinically and scientifically, the work provides a structural and biophysical framework for how cone GPCR opsins generate wavelength-specific vision, informing interpretation of cone dysfunction and color-vision disorders.

Schmidt SL, Dostal J, Sen S et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of human cone visual pigments.

This study determined structures of the three human cone opsins—LWS (long-wavelength), MWS (middle-wavelength), and SWS (short-wavelength)—bound to G proteins and all-trans retinal in the presumed active state. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed marked differences from rhodopsin, including a distinct counterion site in LWS/MWS and a ring of serines around the retinal in SWS-opsin. These structural insights explain how cone visual pigments tune spectral properties and support mechanistic understanding of trichromatic color vision at the atomic level.

Peng Q, Li J, Jiang H et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Reversible suppression of autophagy in a mouse model reveals neuronal resilience.

This study developed a mouse model to reversibly suppress and restore autophagy to test whether neuronal quality-control defects can be recovered. Autophagy suppression caused proteome/transcriptome changes, inclusion body accumulation, and axonal swelling that were largely ameliorated after autophagy restoration, with corresponding improvements in motor and cognitive phenotypes. The results demonstrate neuronal resilience and reversibility of autophagy-related dysfunction, supporting autophagy modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy.

Eguchi T, Abe M, Tomita T et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Iron-catalyzed active lipid peroxides drive ultrafast collective cell death in blooming algae.

This study examined how iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation drives cell death during blooming cyanobacteria (Microcystis) events, focusing on the sequence from labile iron release to ferroptosis-like death. The authors found that labile iron burst precedes oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cell death, with dead cells showing nonrandom spatial distribution within colonies and producing truncated phospholipids with shortened acyl chains. Scientifically, it identifies active lipid peroxides as key mediators linking iron chemistry to ultrafast collective collapse of algal populations.

Zhu Y, Wang X, Tong Y et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗

Single-cell multiomics of neuron activation reveals context-specific genetics of brain disorders.

This study profiled single-nucleus neuron activation multiomics in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons from 100 donors to identify context-specific genetic effects relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders (NPD). It found many variants associated with activity-dependent changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility, with chromatin accessibility explaining a larger fraction of NPD heritability. The work advances disease genetics by showing that variant effects depend on neuronal activation state and can be captured by single-cell transcriptomic/epigenomic profiling.

Liang L, Zhang S, Wang Z et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗

Structural insights into spectral tuning and retinal exchange in cone visual pigments.

This study investigated structural determinants of spectral tuning and retinal exchange in red and green cone visual pigments from cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Cryo-electron microscopy structures integrated with low-temperature vibrational spectroscopy and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical modeling showed that the red-green spectral shift is dominated by threonine 285 via modulation of chromophore electrostatics, with steric effects playing a smaller role. The findings provide a mechanistic basis for how specific amino-acid residues tune cone pigment absorption and potentially regulate retinal dynamics underlying color vision.

Ohashi S, Katayama K, Kojima A et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Ubiquitin-like proteins NEDD8 and SUMO2 control epithelial homeostasis, regeneration, and inflammation.

This study examined how ubiquitin-like modifiers NEDD8 and SUMO2 regulate epithelial homeostasis, regeneration, and inflammation using multiomic profiling and perturbations in primary human keratinocytes plus conditional knockout mice. It found opposite roles: NEDD8 was required for progenitor maintenance, skin regeneration, and inflammation, whereas SUMO2 was required for differentiation. The work links specific ubiquitin-like pathways to epithelial remodeling dynamics, offering mechanistic targets for inflammatory skin disease and impaired regeneration.

Winge MCG, Jackrazi LV, Porter DF et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Lean Mass and Musculoskeletal Preservation in GLP-1-Based Obesity Treatment: Nutrition, Exercise, Supplementation, and Monitoring Strategies.

This narrative review evaluated whether GLP-1-based obesity pharmacotherapy leads to clinically meaningful lean mass loss and identified strategies to preserve muscle and function. It synthesizes evidence on nutrition, supplementation, exercise, and monitoring approaches during GLP-1 treatment, focusing on outcomes relevant to bone health and nutritional adequacy. The clinical significance is that it provides practical guidance to mitigate sarcopenia risk while maintaining the benefits of GLP-1-induced weight loss.

Šantić R, Martinović L, Pavlović N et al. · Metabolites · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

STMN2 protein depletion via translation deficits and stress granules in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

This mechanistic study investigated how STMN2 protein depletion occurs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) under cellular stress using human and murine neuronal cell models. The authors found that STMN2 loss can be driven by TDP-43-independent mechanisms, including early suppression via activated proteasomal degradation and stress granule–linked translation deficits, with STMN2 levels being highly labile under acute high-magnitude stress. These results clarify stress-linked pathways controlling STMN2 and may inform therapeutic strategies targeting translation/proteostasis in ALS.

Ellis BCS, Avila AS, Huang WP et al. · Brain : a journal of neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A ‘Tangled Web’ in the CNS: unraveling neutrophil extracellular traps in neurological disorders.

This review article summarized current evidence on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and their roles in neurological disorders. It highlights how NET dysregulation can contribute to pathology through aberrant NET formation and downstream inflammatory and tissue-damaging effects. The synthesis is significant for guiding future mechanistic studies and potential NET-targeted interventions in neurological disease.

Wang H, Wen R, Parker E et al. · Molecular neurodegeneration · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

Cancer immunotherapy: targets, biomarkers, and combination strategies

Iron drives protease-independent cleavage of gasdermin D in allergic airway diseases.

The study investigated how environmental allergens activate gasdermin D (GSDMD) in lung epithelial cells, focusing on iron handling and protease-independent mechanisms in allergic airway disease models. It found that allergen exposure triggers PAR1-dependent ferritinophagy, increasing labile iron that is required for localized, protease-independent GSDMD cleavage via PCBP2-mediated iron delivery and a constrained Fenton reaction generating hydroxyl radicals. This mechanistic link identifies an iron–PCBP2–GSDMD axis as a potential therapeutic target to block IL-33–driven airway inflammation in allergic disease.

Chen S, Deng F, Peng B et al. · Cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway in prostate cancer: the role of PTEN deficiency and biomarker-guided therapy.

This article reviewed targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway in prostate cancer, emphasizing how PTEN deficiency shapes pathway activation and how biomarker-guided therapy can stratify patients. It highlighted evidence from the Phase III CAPItello-281 trial (NCT04493853) showing that adding the selective oral AKT inhibitor capivasertib to standard therapy improves outcomes particularly in PTEN-altered disease contexts. The significance is clinical: it supports PTEN/PI3K-AKT pathway biomarker-guided use of capivasertib to expand targeted options for aggressive prostate cancer subgroups.

Staton A, Abel M, Figg WD · Cancer biology & therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Single-cell profiling reveals a novel CAF subpopulation linking stromal heterogeneity to immune suppression in breast cancer subtypes.

The study used integrated single-cell RNA sequencing from 29 breast cancer patients, together with TCGA bulk RNA-seq, to define cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) subpopulations and their subtype-specific links to immune suppression. It identified a novel CAF subpopulation that correlates with immune-infiltration patterns consistent with immune suppression across breast cancer subtypes. These findings suggest CAF heterogeneity can be leveraged to stratify patients and identify stromal targets to improve immunotherapy responsiveness in breast cancer.

Vigiano Benedetti V, Conte F, Santoni D et al. · Journal of translational medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Bacteroides fragilis toxin promotes gall bladder cancer in mice.

The study analyzed patient samples and used mouse models plus in vitro and patient-derived organoids to test whether enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) and its toxin B. fragilis toxin (BFT) drive gall bladder cancer (GBC). ETBF colonized the gall bladder and promoted GBC proliferation and tumor growth in a BFT-dependent manner, with tumorigenicity requiring an ETBF surface protein involved in membrane-bound lytic murein transglycosylation. These results implicate ETBF/BFT as a causal microbial factor in GBC and suggest toxin-targeted or microbiome-modulating interventions as potential strategies.

Chen J, An Y, Tong A et al. · Nature microbiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Metabolic determinants of cancer immunotherapy outcomes identified by plasma profiling.

This study profiled 4,336 plasma samples from 1,714 patients across five tumor types using targeted metabolomics and metagenomics to identify metabolic predictors of immune-checkpoint inhibitor outcomes. A multimodal machine-learning model integrating 154 metabolites with clinical variables identified five metabolites (plus age, BMI, and renal function) that predicted 12-month progression-free survival. Clinically, this plasma-based metabolic signature could enable stratification of patients likely to benefit from immune-checkpoint inhibitors and guide treatment selection.

Suissa D, Fidelle M, Reich E et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiation therapy with durvalumab and oleclumab in ER+HER2- breast cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial.

In the randomized phase 2 Neo-CheckRay trial, 147 female patients with high-risk ER+HER2- early breast cancer received neoadjuvant stereotactic body radiation therapy (iSBRT; 3×8 Gy) with durvalumab and oleclumab, testing whether CD73 blockade plus immune-modulating radiation improves response. The trial evaluated whether this regimen could increase pathologic complete response and reprogram the tumor microenvironment in an immune-cold, PD-L1–negative context. If effective, the approach would support combining iSBRT with CD73 inhibition to convert “cold” tumors into immunotherapy-responsive disease.

De Caluwé A, Desmoulins I, Cao K et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Teclistamab-based induction treatment in transplant-eligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a phase 2 trial.

This prespecified pooled analysis of three cohorts in the phase 2 GMMG-HD10/DSMM-XX (MajesTEC-5) study evaluated teclistamab-based induction regimens in 49 transplant-eligible, newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Patients received teclistamab/daratumumab/lenalidomide (Tec-DR) or Tec-DR plus bortezomib (Tec-DVR), assessing depth of response and clinical outcomes. The results inform frontline use of BCMA×CD3 bispecific therapy combinations and may improve the likelihood of deep responses before transplant.

Raab MS, Weinhold N, Kortüm KM et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Targeting DGAT1 reprograms lipid landscape and restores CD8⁺ T cell immunity in pancreatic cancer.

The study investigated how inhibiting diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) affects the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lipid microenvironment and CD8+ T cell function. DGAT1 inhibition reprogrammed tumor lipid metabolism by increasing fatty acid uptake/redistribution, depleting extracellular free fatty acids that impair CD8+ T cells, and mechanistically preserving FOXO1 activity to support stem-like CD8+ differentiation. These findings identify DGAT1 as a tumor-intrinsic metabolic checkpoint and suggest DGAT1-targeted therapy could restore anti-tumor immunity in PDAC.

Liu Z, Chen L, Zhang T et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Glioma-intrinsic MAPK/ERK signaling promotes immunotherapy efficacy through T cell infiltration and interferon responses.

This study used in vivo kinome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens in murine gliomas to determine how glioma-intrinsic MAPK/ERK signaling affects response to immune checkpoint blockade. It identified the RAF–MEK–ERK axis as a strongest modulator of anti–PD-1 efficacy and CD8+ T cell recognition, with ERK phosphorylation enhancing survival after anti–PD-1 through increased T cell infiltration and interferon responses. The results provide a causal mechanism linking MAPK/ERK activity to immunotherapy responsiveness and suggest biomarkers or pathway-targeting strategies to improve glioma immunotherapy outcomes.

Kim KS, Zhang J, Arrieta VA et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

KAT2A-IGF2BP1-CXCL2 axis in the high lactate tumor microenvironment facilitates resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in lung adenocarcinoma by recruiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

This study investigated how the KAT2A-IGF2BP1-CXCL2 axis, driven by a high-lactate tumor microenvironment, regulates immune escape and resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and how it recruits myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The authors found that lactate-associated epigenetic regulation via KAT2A and IGF2BP1 increases CXCL2 to recruit MDSCs, promoting resistance to PD-1 blockade. These findings identify a lactate–epigenetic–chemokine pathway as a mechanistic driver of anti-PD-1 failure and a potential therapeutic target to improve immunotherapy responses in LUAD.

Li G, Wang C, Wang A et al. · Cell death & disease · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Therapy of allergic rhinitis using ribavirin spray to clear nasal commensal viruses.

This study investigated the role of nasal commensal viruses in allergic rhinitis (AR) and tested whether clearing these viruses with ribavirin spray alleviates disease. Ribavirin-mediated clearance of nasal commensal viruses reduced AR symptoms, indicating that commensal viruses contribute to AR pathogenesis. The work suggests a potential antiviral, microbiome-targeted approach for AR by disrupting virus-driven immune activation.

Zhou Y, Wang T, Fan Y et al. · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Targeting NEK9 synergises with immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma by remodelling the immunosuppressive microenvironment.

This study evaluated whether targeting NEK9 can synergize with immune checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Using analyses of NEK9 in HCC cohorts and functional testing in HCC cell lines and orthotopic mouse models, along with single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, and multiplex immunohistochemistry, the authors found that NEK9 targeting promotes immune microenvironment remodeling that enhances immunotherapy efficacy. These findings position NEK9 as a tumor-intrinsic immune-evasion driver and a candidate combination target to improve ICI responses in HCC.

Lu G, Du R, Wan Y et al. · Gut · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy after tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in unresectable melanoma.

This retrospective multicenter study assessed outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy given after tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with unresectable melanoma who also received ICIs before TIL. The key finding was that administering ICIs after TIL was feasible and produced measurable objective responses, with safety evaluated among patients receiving at least one post-TIL ICI dose. Clinically, the study provides evidence to guide sequencing of TIL and checkpoint blockade in melanoma patients who have limited options after adoptive cell therapy.

Smithy JW, Betof A, Klobuch S et al. · Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Chronic stress unleashes an intratumor phage-fibroblast-B cell circuit to promote tumor growth.

This study investigated how chronic stress alters anti-tumor immunity and promotes tumor growth, focusing on a phage–fibroblast–B cell circuit in mouse models of colorectal cancer and melanoma. The authors found that chronic stress drives glucocorticoid production via gut microbiota, enables tumor translocation of Enterococcus gallinarum phage DNA, and triggers TLR9-dependent glucocorticoid production in cancer-associated fibroblasts that suppresses B cell responses through the glucocorticoid receptor. The work links stress-induced microbiota perturbations to a tumor-intrinsic immune-suppressive circuit, suggesting that interrupting this pathway could counteract stress-associated tumor progression.

Bashir H, Sanidad KZ, Ravisankar P et al. · Cancer cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Molecular phenotypes and spatial archetypes: A new framework for cancer-associated fibroblasts.

This study proposed a new framework to interpret cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) heterogeneity by linking molecular phenotypes to spatial archetypes. Using conceptual integration of high-dimensional single-cell and spatial omics with experimental relevance, the authors categorized CAFs into conserved molecular phenotypes and distinct spatial archetypes tied to local tissue context. The framework aims to make CAF diversity mechanistically actionable for understanding tumor progression and therapeutic response.

Liu Y, Chen X, Dai Y et al. · Cancer cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

OpenIO: An open framework for AI-native immunotherapy.

This study introduced OpenIO, an AI-native immunotherapy framework that integrates generative AI with omics data to enable precision oncology. The key proposition is that leveraging biological scaling laws and foundation models can shift immunotherapy development from empirical screening toward rational, AI-guided engineering of therapeutic interventions. Scientifically, OpenIO provides a blueprint for using modern AI to accelerate discovery and optimization of immunotherapies.

Wu Y, Xiao H, Jiang N et al. · Cancer cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The frequent exacerbator phenotype in bronchiectasis revisited: Data from EMBARC registry.

This registry-based study analyzed EMBARC data across 30 countries to reassess the “frequent exacerbator” phenotype in bronchiectasis and quantify how each prior exacerbation predicts future exacerbations and severe exacerbations. It evaluated whether the risk contribution of prior exacerbations varies by exacerbation severity, underlying etiology, and geographic region. Clinically, the study aims to refine risk stratification beyond a simple ≥3 exacerbations/year threshold to better identify patients at highest future risk.

Sibila O, Perea L, Burgel PR et al. · American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Inter- and intra-quartile comparison of multi-tracer PET/CT and liquid biopsy molecular markers in cancer: a futuristic perspective on evolving a “stepped care” model for individualized precision theranostics through AI/ML.

The study proposed an AI/ML-enabled “stepped care” precision theranostics framework integrating multi-tracer PET/CT with liquid biopsy molecular markers for individualized cancer decision-making. It argues that inter- and intra-quartile comparisons of these imaging and molecular markers can guide staged escalation of therapy selection and theranostic choices. This is significant as it outlines a clinically actionable, data-driven pathway to improve molecular imaging–profiling integration for precision oncology, though the abstract is a perspective rather than a completed clinical trial.

Basu S, Ravada SK, Parghane RV et al. · European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

TMEM184A-mediated autophagy in MHC-I degradation promotes tumor immune evasion.

This preclinical study investigated TMEM184A’s role in autophagy-mediated degradation of MHC-I and how this promotes tumor immune evasion in immunotherapy-insensitive microsatellite-stable (MSS) colorectal cancer. Using a genome-wide CRISPR screen under immune pressure in a syngeneic murine tumor model, it identified TMEM184A as a tumor-intrinsic regulator; TMEM184A deletion increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhanced cancer-cell surface MHC-I expression (supported by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence, and RNA-seq). The significance is that targeting TMEM184A could sensitize MSS colorectal cancers to immune attack by restoring antigen presentation.

Li W, Li K, Shi Z et al. · Autophagy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The effects of asymmetrical versus symmetrical high-flow nasal cannula on respiratory muscle activity in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomised crossover study.

This randomized crossover study compared asymmetrical versus symmetrical high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) interfaces on respiratory muscle activity in acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and COPD exacerbation. Across two cohorts (20 acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and 18 COPD exacerbation), it measured diaphragm and parasternal intercostal thickening fractions (TFdi and TFpi) and other physiological variables to determine differences between interfaces. The clinical significance is that interface design may alter work of breathing and could inform HFNC selection in these common respiratory failure settings.

Lapanan C, Schreiber AF, Wongtirawit N et al. · Pulmonology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Breastfeeding shapes a unique tumor-immune landscape in pregnancy-associated breast cancer from GEICAM-EMBARCAM study.

This study analyzed pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) across gestation, breastfeeding, and post-weaning stages in 106 cases from the GEICAM-EMBARCAM cohort. Using NanoString gene expression profiling (BC360) and CIBERSORTx immune deconvolution, it showed that breastfeeding is associated with a distinct tumor–immune landscape compared with other reproductive stages. The stage-specific immune signatures may reveal timing-dependent therapeutic vulnerabilities for PABC.

Peña-Enríquez R, Guerrero-Zotano Á, Bermejo B et al. · Breast cancer research : BCR · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Bacterial extracellular vesicles modulate epithelial antiviral responses via macrophage-mediated immunomodulation.

This experimental study investigated how bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) from multiple pathogenic bacteria modulate human macrophage antiviral responses and thereby affect lung epithelial protection against SARS-CoV-2. Primary human blood-derived macrophages stimulated with bEVs from Legionella pneumophila, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Typhimurium altered macrophage-mediated immunomodulation, which in turn influenced SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes in lung alveolar epithelial cells. The findings support bEVs as modulators of host antiviral immunity and potential tools for therapeutic immunomodulation.

Bierwagen J, Lückhof M, Heindl MR et al. · Cell communication and signaling : CCS · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

ACOT9, a mitochondrial metabolism-related gene, promotes ROS-associated epithelial remodeling in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

This study focused on ACOT9, a mitochondrial metabolism-related gene, in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and its role in ROS-associated epithelial remodeling. Using TCGA-LSCC data to build and validate a mitochondrial metabolism gene signature (MMGS) via machine-learning across TCGA training/test cohorts and the independent GSE65858 dataset, the authors then investigated ACOT9’s biological function and linked it to ROS-associated remodeling processes. The work identifies ACOT9 as a candidate prognostic/functional driver tied to mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress in LSCC.

Wang W, Liu J, Yang H et al. · Journal of translational medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

---

---

Generated automatically on June 27, 2026 from PubMed’s trending articles. Summaries are AI-generated; always consult the original publication for clinical or research decisions.