PubMed Trending Research Digest — August 11, 2026

Automated digest · 98 articles · 15 research areas · August 11, 2026

Overview

Across this week’s papers, a dominant theme is “systems biology” approaches that connect upstream mechanisms to clinically measurable outcomes. In neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, studies emphasize how microglia and extracellular matrix integrity (perineuronal nets), circadian control of glymphatic clearance, and brain endothelial remodeling may shape disease trajectories and offer timing- or pathway-based intervention targets. In metabolic and organ disease, multi-omics and biomarker work (e.g., proteomics-based dementia risk signatures, ultrasound-based MASH/MASLD staging, and uric-acid–HDL–based renal risk stratification) points toward less invasive risk prediction and earlier prevention.

A second major thread is immunotherapy and immune modulation—both in cancer and beyond. Multiple studies tackle resistance and “cold tumor” barriers by targeting checkpoint pathways, myeloid suppression, and tumor metabolic programs (e.g., ALDH9A1–carnitine/acetyl-CoA axis, Siglec-15 plus PD-1 with oncolytic virus, and engineered PD-1/CD137L fusion strategies). In parallel, immune regulation appears in autoimmune contexts (e.g., IL-10–producing innate lymphoid cell brakes in psoriasis models, CD20/CD38 strategies in NMOSD and recurrent post-transplant FSGS, and B-cell depletion effects in myasthenia gravis), reinforcing that immune circuitry—rather than single targets alone—is central to durable control.

Finally, the digest highlights translational and methodological advances: improved genomic diagnostics (trio WGS for cerebral palsy, SUMOylation-linked endometriosis signatures, and assay standardization for islet autoantibodies), refined clinical trial designs (organ-preservation strategies in rectal cancer, risk stratification for ICI toxicity via IL-6), and engineering/regenerative platforms (EV-based bone repair, cartilage-targeted antioxidant/epigenetic nanoparticle therapy, and vascularized spinal cord substitutes). Together, these studies suggest a field moving toward earlier detection, mechanism-informed combination strategies, and interventions designed for long-term durability and safety.

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Neuroinflammation, synaptic/ECM remodeling & neurodegeneration

Alterations of actin in aging.

This review synthesized evidence on how actin cytoskeleton dynamics change during aging across model organisms and cell systems. It reports that aging is associated with progressive actin disorganization, including filament disassembly, aggregation, and mislocalization that disrupts cellular homeostasis. The significance is that actin integrity emerges as a mechanistic contributor to aging phenotypes and a potential target for interventions aimed at preserving cellular function.

Averbukh M, Wang T, Garcia G et al. · Journal of cell science · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

C3aR inhibition alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via STING-mediated ferroptosis through SLC7A11/GPX4.

The study tested whether C3aR inhibition protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating STING-mediated ferroptosis through the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. In rat MCAO/R and BV2 OGD/R models, C3aR blockade with SB290157 reduced ferroptosis and altered STING activation and SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway readouts using immunofluorescence, western blotting, RT-qPCR, ferroptosis assays, and molecular docking. These findings suggest a complement–STING–ferroptosis signaling pathway that could be therapeutically targeted to limit ischemic brain injury.

Zhang Y, Xia Y, Chen Z et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Treatment Goals for Primary Biliary Cholangitis, an Australian Perspective.

This Australian perspective review studied evidence-based treatment goals for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in patients diagnosed by elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and anti-mitochondrial antibodies. It summarizes clinical targets aimed at preventing progression to cirrhosis and hepatic decompensation (and reducing quality-of-life burdens such as fatigue and itch) while accounting for extra-hepatic comorbidities like osteoporosis, Sjögren’s syndrome, and thyroid dysfunction. Clinically, it provides a framework for aligning PBC management goals with patient-centered outcomes and long-term liver prognosis in routine practice.

Strasser SI, Thompson AJ, Gupta R et al. · Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

microRNA-mediated control of cell fate specification and patterning in Marchantia polymorpha.

This study investigated microRNA (miRNA) control of cell fate specification and patterning in the bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha, focusing on the miRNA biogenesis gene DICER-LIKE 1 (MpDCL1a) and the miR166/CLASS III HD-ZIP regulatory circuit. Using CRISPR-Cas9-mediated loss-of-function mutants of MpDCL1a, the authors characterized how disrupting MpDCL1a affects miRNA-dependent developmental patterning governed by miR166/HD-ZIP targets. Scientifically, it links DCL1-dependent miRNA processing to conserved developmental gene regulatory networks across land plants.

Aguilar-Cruz A, Flores-Sandoval E, Xu Y et al. · The New phytologist · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Incident chronic kidney disease risk and the predictive value of the uric acid-to-HDL ratio in lean and non-lean MASLD: a prospective cohort and multi-omics study.

This prospective multi-omics cohort study evaluated incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in UK Biobank participants with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), stratifying into lean versus non-lean groups. It tested whether the uric acid-to-HDL ratio (UHR) predicts CKD risk and explored underlying mechanisms using biomarker-based FLI and imaging-based MRI-PDFF cohorts. If validated, UHR could become an accessible clinical tool for individualized renal risk stratification in MASLD, especially for lean patients who lack robust markers.

Zhang Y, Liu S, Huang Z et al. · International urology and nephrology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Baseline IL-6 independently predicts severe immune-related toxicity and poor survival in advanced gastric cancer treated with immunotherapy.

This retrospective study examined whether baseline interleukin-6 (IL-6) predicts severe immune-related toxicity and overall survival in 244 patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Using Firth’s penalized logistic regression to identify predictors of high-grade immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and multivariable Cox models for overall survival, the authors found that higher baseline IL-6 independently associated with both severe irAEs and poorer survival. Clinically, baseline IL-6 may help stratify risk for toxicity and prognosis in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving ICIs.

Liu W, Tang H, Li N et al. · Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

PIWI-piRNA Axis in Epilepsy: Bridging Epigenetic Regulation, Neuroinflammation, and Neuronal Excitability.

This article reviewed the PIWI-piRNA axis in epilepsy, focusing on how PIWI-piRNA epigenetic regulation may influence neuroinflammation and neuronal excitability. It synthesizes evidence that piRNA biogenesis and PIWI-piRNA interactions can regulate gene expression and transposon silencing while modulating inflammatory signaling in the epileptic brain. Scientifically, it frames the PIWI-piRNA pathway as a potential mechanistic bridge and therapeutic target for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Shyam M, Rashmi R, Sharma V et al. · Molecular neurobiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Alzheimer’s disease as a disorder of time-gated clearance: Circadian regulation of Glymphatic function in neurodegeneration.

This article proposed that Alzheimer’s disease can be understood as a disorder of time-gated clearance, emphasizing circadian regulation of the glymphatic system that clears amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau. It found that glymphatic influx, meningeal lymphatic drainage, and blood-brain barrier efflux transport are temporally regulated by circadian mechanisms, and that impaired clearance contributes to neurodegeneration. The significance is that aligning or restoring circadian control of glymphatic clearance could become a therapeutic or preventive strategy in Alzheimer’s disease.

Bhakta-Guha D, Guha G · Experimental neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals age-related remodeling of brain endothelial cells.

This single-cell RNA sequencing study profiled 68,316 mouse brain endothelial cells (ECs) expressing 15,564 genes from young and old mice to define age-related remodeling of brain EC subtypes. Aging shifted EC subtype distributions across five EC classes (including capillary and venous/arterial subtypes marked by genes such as Mfsd2a, Plvap, Bmx, Nr2f2, and Vcam1). The significance is mechanistic insight into how endothelial heterogeneity and EC-to-pericyte signaling changes with age may contribute to blood-brain barrier decline.

Nguyen HD, Siddiqui S, Bohannon DG et al. · Aging brain · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

ZBP1 activated by mitochondrial damage binds to STAT3 to suppress Legumain production and exacerbate macrophage inflammation in Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced sepsis.

This study examined how the mitochondrial-damage–activated innate immune sensor ZBP1 regulates STAT3 signaling to suppress legumain (LGMN) production and thereby exacerbate macrophage inflammation in Klebsiella pneumoniae-induced sepsis, using human sepsis transcriptomic datasets, murine sepsis/KP infection models, and single-cell RNA sequencing. ZBP1 activation promoted STAT3-dependent inflammatory programs while reducing LGMN suppression, worsening macrophage-driven inflammation and sepsis severity. The work identifies the ZBP1–STAT3–legumain axis as a mechanistic target for potential host-directed therapies in KP sepsis.

Deng LT, Yang H, Zhang XF et al. · Military Medical Research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Ketamine preserves perineuronal nets in chronic stressed mice brain through the inhibition of microglia activation.

The study examined whether ketamine preserves perineuronal nets (PNNs) in chronic restraint stress (CRS) mouse brains and whether this involves inhibition of microglial activation. Ketamine treatment prevented CRS-associated PNN remodeling, consistent with reduced microglia activation. These findings suggest a fast-acting antidepressant mechanism for ketamine via microglia–PNN pathway modulation, highlighting PNN integrity as a potential therapeutic target in stress-related depression.

Yang J, Huang T, Wang M et al. · IBRO neuroscience reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Neurodegenerative biomarkers & neuroimaging

Plasma Biomarkers for Neocortical Tau Burden.

This study developed and validated a multiprotein plasma panel to improve identification of advanced neocortical neurofibrillary tangle burden, building on the known limitations of plasma phosphorylated tau-217 (p-tau217) for staging tau pathology. The key finding was that the multiprotein approach better captured advanced neocortical tau burden than p-tau217 alone. Scientifically and clinically, improved plasma tau staging could enhance patient stratification for anti-amyloid and anti-tau trials and interventions.

Di Molfetta G, Brum WS, Pola I et al. · JAMA neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Early Longitudinal Brain Network Changes in Huntington’s Disease Before Clinical Motor Onset.

This longitudinal resting-state fMRI study examined early brain network changes in adult Huntington’s disease gene-expanded (HDGE) individuals before clinical motor onset, using seed-based functional connectivity (SBFC) with caudate and putamen seeds. Over ~4.8 years, HDGE participants showed progressive functional connectivity alterations relative to matched controls prior to predicted motor diagnosis. These findings suggest that network-level biomarkers in caudate/putamen circuits may enable earlier detection of neurodegeneration in HD before overt motor symptoms.

Leocadi M, Hobbs NZ, Farag M et al. · Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Psychiatric pharmacology & neuropsychiatric adverse effects

Metronidazole-associated mood changes: A case report.

This case report studied a 55-year-old woman treated with metronidazole (and ciprofloxacin) for sigmoid uncomplicated diverticulitis who developed mood changes, with prior history of mood changes during bismuth-based therapy for Helicobacter pylori. Using a Naranjo Probability Score of 7, the authors concluded the association between metronidazole and the observed mood changes was probable. Clinically, the report highlights metronidazole as a potential trigger for neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions and supports careful monitoring and medication review when mood symptoms emerge.

Karaoui LR, El Ouweini A, Karaoui WR · Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Encephalopathy following subcutaneous administration of Brixadi® extended-release buprenorphine.

This case report described encephalopathy after subcutaneous administration of Brixadi® extended-release buprenorphine in a 62-year-old patient with opioid use disorder and substance use history. The patient developed altered mental status three days after receiving Brixadi® 128 mg monthly formulation. The report highlights a potential serious neuropsychiatric adverse event associated with long-acting injectable buprenorphine, informing clinicians’ risk monitoring and differential diagnosis.

Seltzer J, Moriguchi R, Yeung K et al. · Toxicology reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Genetic diagnostics & genomic technologies

The CXCL10/CXCR3 axis drives actin remodeling to recruit CD4+ T cells to gut epithelium during transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection.

This study reviewed the current status of methods and assay proficiency for islet autoantibodies in domestic Chinese medical institutions using a national questionnaire survey. It assessed the distribution of detection methods and the proportion of locally produced reagents across 175 participating units and evaluated assay proficiency using a proficiency-testing framework (details truncated in the abstract). The findings highlight gaps and variability in islet autoantibody testing capacity, informing standardization efforts for type 1 diabetes immunodiagnostics.

Tan C, Chen J, Cai Y et al. · Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Whole genome sequencing in cerebral palsy: a UK paediatric pilot study.

This UK prospective pilot study evaluated gene-agnostic trio whole genome sequencing (WGS) for diagnostic yield in 86 children with cerebral palsy (CP) recruited from NHS specialist clinics. Using AI-based variant prioritisation and a CP gene list reviewed at multidisciplinary meetings, the study assessed how often WGS identified candidate pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The results inform whether WGS can be implemented as a routine diagnostic tool for monogenic CP in the UK healthcare setting.

Ratnaike TE, Pierce HH, Coffey AJ et al. · The Lancet regional health. Europe · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Identification and Validation of a Four-Gene Signature as a Novel Potential Diagnostic Biomarker Panel for Endometriosis: Causal and Mechanistic Insights from Mendelian Randomization and Bioinformatics.

This bioinformatics and Mendelian randomization study investigated SUMOylation-related genes to identify a four-gene diagnostic biomarker panel for endometriosis using public gene-expression datasets (GSE51981, GSE7305, GSE214411) and 194 SUMOylation-related genes. The authors derived and validated a four-gene signature associated with endometriosis and supported mechanistic links through SUMOylation-related pathways. If confirmed, the panel could enable earlier diagnosis and provide causal hypotheses for SUMOylation-driven endometriosis biology.

Meng Q, Xie X, Wang H et al. · International journal of women’s health · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cancer genomics, biomarkers & liquid biopsy

Prevalence and chronology of colibactin-associated mutational processes and their microbiome spectra in Japanese colorectal cancer.

This study analyzed colibactin-associated mutational processes and their microbiome spectra in Japanese colorectal cancer (CRC) by integrating whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptome profiling of CRC tumors with whole-genome metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples. Using interpretable artificial intelligence, the authors stratified CRC into four microbiome-informed subtypes and identified colibactin-linked mutational signatures with distinct microbiome associations. These findings strengthen mechanistic links between the gut microbiome (colibactin-producing bacteria) and CRC mutagenesis and may enable microbiome-informed risk stratification in Japanese patients.

Shiba S, Yachida S, Mizutani S et al. · Nature genetics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Circulating tumor DNA in gastrointestinal cancers: promise, pitfalls, and the path forward.

This review analyzed evidence for circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in gastrointestinal cancers, focusing on how postoperative ctDNA positivity and serial clearance patterns predict recurrence and how trials have tested ctDNA for treatment selection (including DYNAMIC, DYNAMIC-III, and CIRCULATE). The key finding is that ctDNA is a strong prognostic biomarker in GI oncology, but its ability to reliably guide therapy decisions has been inconsistent across settings such as stage II and stage III colon cancer. The review outlines pitfalls (assay/threshold variability, timing, and trial design) and proposes a path forward to improve ctDNA’s clinical utility for risk-adapted management.

Mukherjee S, Sarfraz A, Aung KL et al. · EClinicalMedicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cancer immunotherapy (checkpoint, CAR-T, oncolytic, fusion immunotherapies)

Obinutuzumab β for aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a phase 3 randomized controlled trial.

This phase 3 randomized, double-blind trial evaluated obinutuzumab β (MIL62), a glycoengineered type II anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in 91 adults with aquaporin-4 IgG-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with EDSS ≤7.0. Participants were randomized to intravenous obinutuzumab β 1,000 mg (n=45) versus placebo (n=46) with time to first adjudicated relapse as the primary outcome. If effective as reported, this would provide high-level evidence for a next-generation CD20-depleting therapy in AQP4-positive NMOSD.

Wu L, Gu L, Fan W et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Latent effector T cells mediate immunotherapy responses in the bone marrow microenvironment.

This study characterized tumor-reactive T cells in the bone marrow microenvironment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) using TCR profiling, HLA immunopeptidomics, and functional screening. It identified a conserved latent effector T cell transcriptional program distinct from the exhausted phenotype seen in solid cancers and revealed a partially shared antigen landscape enriched for noncanonical peptides driving convergent TCR responses. These findings provide mechanistic insight into how immunotherapy-relevant T cells operate in bone marrow malignancies and suggest targets for enhancing anti-tumor immunity.

Kehl N, Wagner TR, Steiger S et al. · Cancer cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

In vivo generation of CD19 CAR T cells for the treatment of mouse systemic lupus erythematosus.

This study developed an in vivo engineered CD19 CAR T cell platform for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using CD5-targeted lipid nanoparticles (aCD5-CD19/LNP) delivering CD19-directed CAR mRNA. In vitro, the LNPs generated functional CAR T cells that targeted CD19+ B cells, and in the MRL/lpr mouse SLE model, the generated CAR T cells showed therapeutic activity (details truncated). The approach aims to simplify CAR T manufacturing by enabling in vivo CAR T generation, potentially improving feasibility for treating SLE.

Xie H, Chen D, Lin Z et al. · International immunopharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Single-cell multiomics identifies an ALDH9A1-carnitine signaling axis driving resistance of NSCLC to immunotherapy.

The study used integrated CODEX imaging, metabolomics, CyTOF, ATAC-seq, and single-cell spatial transcriptomics to define how ALDH9A1 affects anti-PD-1 resistance in NSCLC tumors and mouse models. ALDH9A1 loss restrained tumor growth in immunocompetent (but not immunocompromised) mice and increased tertiary lymphoid structure maturation while reducing protumorigenic MDSCs, with mechanism linked to ALDH9A1-driven carnitine production elevating acetyl-CoA and promoting resistance. These findings identify an ALDH9A1–carnitine metabolic axis as a potential target to overcome immunotherapy resistance in NSCLC.

Du H, Lang T, Zha X et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Tumour-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Containing dsRNA Induce Degradation of Ribosomal Protein mRNA in Platelets.

The study investigated whether tumour-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing endogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induce innate immune signaling in platelets, focusing on degradation of ribosomal protein mRNA. EVs from colorectal cancer cells were enriched for dsRNA and triggered dsRNA-sensing pathways in recipient platelets, leading to degradation of ribosomal protein mRNA. This provides a mechanistic link between tumour EV dsRNA and platelet transcriptome disruption, highlighting dsRNA-structure–driven intercellular effects in the tumour microenvironment.

Sun G, Tao Y, Liu Z et al. · Journal of extracellular vesicles · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A PD1-CD137L Fusion Protein More Potently Enhances Anti-Tumour Immune Responses Than Targeting PD-L1 and CD137 Separately.

The study developed and characterized a dual targeting human PD1-CD137L (hPD1-CD137L) fusion protein to block PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitory signaling while delivering CD137 costimulation to human PD-L1-expressing tumor cells and CD137-positive T cells. The fusion protein showed high-purity production, specific binding to PD-L1+ tumor cells and CD137+ T cells, and retained a stable multimeric structure under acidic conditions and during prolonged storage. This supports a potentially more potent systemic immunotherapy strategy for PD-L1-low or “cold” tumors compared with separately targeting PD-L1 and CD137.

Xia R, Nickles EP, Mei Y et al. · Immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Siglec-15 and PD-1 checkpoint blockade in combination with oncolytic Zika virus infection confers protection against immune-resistant gliomas.

The study investigated whether combining Siglec-15 and PD-1 checkpoint blockade with oncolytic Zika virus (ZIKV) infection could protect against immune-resistant gliomas, focusing on glioblastoma (GBM) tumor microenvironment immunosuppression. It assessed Siglec-15 expression in human GBM using flow cytometry, mass cytometry, and immunofluorescence, and then tested the combination strategy in preclinical glioma models to demonstrate enhanced protection. The significance is a potential multi-pronged immunotherapy approach that targets myeloid checkpoint signaling (Siglec-15), T-cell inhibition (PD-1), and tumor susceptibility (oncolytic ZIKV) to overcome resistance.

Kesarwani A, Griffith AN, Verma S et al. · Neuro-oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

A Data-Driven Atlas of CAR-Based Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: Insights from Multidatabase Integration.

This bibliometric study integrated multiple databases (Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus, 2016–2025) to map the research landscape of CAR-based immunotherapy in lung cancer, focusing on themes relevant to antigen heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. It found that network and bibliometric analyses reveal global research trajectories, collaboration patterns, and emergent therapeutic directions for CAR strategies in solid tumors. This is significant for guiding future translational priorities by highlighting which CAR design and clinical research themes are gaining momentum in lung cancer.

He F, Zhu X, Wang X et al. · Pharmacological research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Lysosome-Targeted Self-Adjuvanting Ammonia Nanogenerator Potentiates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunotherapy via Ammonia Death.

This preclinical study developed a lysosome-targeted ammonia nanogenerator (AlN@HA) to induce ammonia death in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and enhance HCC immunotherapy. Following CD44 receptor-mediated endocytosis, AlN@HA accumulated in lysosomes and generated excessive intralysosomal ammonia (with nanoscopic Al(OH)3), potentiating anti-tumor immune responses. The work is significant because it proposes a tumor-targeted ammonia-death platform that couples regulated cell death with immunotherapy to improve HCC treatment efficacy.

Zhao H, Qian J, Wang Y et al. · Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Cancer signaling pathways & targeted therapy resistance

The structural basis for LRRK2’s activation and autoinhibition.

This study elucidated the structural mechanism controlling activation and autoinhibition of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), biochemical reconstitution, and cell-based assays. It showed that the ROC GTPase domain governs switching between autoinhibited and active states, with GTP promoting activation and GDP enforcing autoinhibition, and it mapped how Parkinson’s disease mutations (including G2019S and R1441C/G/H) activate LRRK2 via distinct structural routes. These mechanistic insights support rational therapeutic targeting of LRRK2 kinase activity in familial and idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.

Villagran Suarez A, Hatch KS, Bodrug T et al. · Cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The G-quadruplex ligand CX-5461 inhibits laryngeal cancer via inducing immunogenic cell death and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment.

This study used integrated multi-omics approaches—including bulk RNA-seq, single-cell RNA-seq, and spatial transcriptomics—on osteosarcoma (OS) patient data to identify a chemoresistant, metastasis-prone subpopulation and its pro-metastatic mechanism involving endothelial dysfunction. It then tested the natural compound formononetin (FMN) as a therapeutic candidate targeting CD44 to antagonize OS metastasis. By connecting a CD44-driven metastatic program to FMN activity, the study provides a translational rationale for targeting endothelial dysfunction and chemoresistant OS subpopulations.

Teng FY, Zhang B, Liu YX et al. · International immunopharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Nucleostemin promotes RAD51 filament assembly on double-stranded DNA to protect stalled replication forks.

The study examined how nucleostemin (NS/GNL3) regulates RAD51 filament assembly at hydroxyurea-stalled replication forks in the context of fork reversal and MRE11-mediated nucleolytic degradation. NS rapidly accumulates at stalled forks and is required for RAD51 foci formation, with NS depletion preventing RAD51 assembly and triggering MRE11-dependent degradation of reversed forks, supported by biochemical reconstitution and single-molecule FRET. These findings identify NS as a fork-stabilizing factor that protects genome integrity by enabling RAD51-mediated repair of stalled replication intermediates.

Chang CC, Tsai SS, Chou CL et al. · Nucleic acids research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Shear-Activated von Willebrand Factor Captures Extracellular Vesicles to Promote Platelet Activation and Metastasis.

This study investigated how shear-activated von Willebrand factor (vWF) interacts with extracellular vesicles (EVs) under physiological flow to promote platelet activation and metastasis. The authors found that vWF, upon shear-induced conformational activation, captures EVs in a size-selective manner and thereby enhances platelet activation and metastatic behavior. This mechanistic link between vWF–EV interactions and metastasis suggests a potential hemostasis-targeted pathway to modulate EV-driven cancer progression.

Wang Y, Liu X, Nakielski P et al. · Journal of extracellular vesicles · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

From KRAS inhibition to tumor adaptation: mechanistic layers of resistance and therapeutic strategies.

This review examined mechanisms of resistance to KRAS pathway inhibition in KRAS-mutant solid tumors (including non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and colorectal cancer) and discussed emerging KRAS-targeted drug classes such as KRAS G12C inhibitors and agents aimed at G12D, pan-RAS(ON), and nucleotide-free RAS. It found that clinical responses are often limited by rapid, multifaceted tumor adaptation involving layered changes in signaling, metabolism, gene dosage/co-mutations, and the tumor microenvironment. These mechanistic insights are significant because they inform rational combination strategies and next-generation therapeutic targeting to overcome resistance in KRAS-driven cancers.

Salih R, Sirajudeen F, Rahmani M · Journal of advanced research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Alternative oncogenic drivers and sensitivity to BTK inhibition in CRISPR/Cas gene-edited human DLBCL cell models.

This experimental study used CRISPR/Cas gene-edited human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell models to compare alternative oncogenic drivers and how they affect sensitivity to BTK inhibition, focusing on activated B-cell-like (ABC) DLBCL with autonomous B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling. The gene-edited models showed that different oncogenic driver configurations can change dependence on BCR/NF-κB signaling and thereby alter responsiveness to BTK inhibition. Scientifically, the work clarifies how “alternative immunologic drivers” contribute to BTK inhibitor sensitivity, informing more precise therapeutic targeting in ABC-DLBCL.

Eken JA, Havenaar FRM, de Groen RAL et al. · Blood neoplasia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Hematologic malignancies & clonal evolution

Measurable Residual Disease-Dependent Unfavorable Outcomes in Pediatric PAX5-Rearranged B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

This multicenter analysis studied 159 pediatric patients with PAX5-rearranged (PAX5-r) B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated in AIEOP-BFM ALL studies across Italy, Germany, and Austria, comparing outcomes and risk features to the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2017 cohort. Pediatric PAX5-r ALL showed high-risk clinical characteristics and worse prognostic features than non-PAX5-r disease, with measurable residual disease (MRD)-dependent unfavorable outcomes highlighted. The results support MRD-informed risk stratification and refined clinical management for children with PAX5-r ALL.

Peccatori N, Curto A, Silvestri D et al. · Blood · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

[Current status of methods and proficiency in assays for islet autoantibodies].

This article provided an overview of monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance (MGCS), focusing on how monoclonal immunoglobulin properties can cause organ damage beyond clonal burden. It contrasted MGUS and multiple myeloma (MM) with MGCS subtypes such as monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance, emphasizing pathogenic mechanisms independent of increasing disease load. Clinically, this framework supports earlier recognition and more targeted evaluation of patients with monoclonal gammopathies who develop end-organ injury.

Wang Z, Liu N, Guo KY et al. · Zhonghua yi xue za zhi · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Reduced Cumulative Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide Exposure Is Associated with Increased Acute and Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

This retrospective study evaluated whether reduced cumulative post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) exposure (below the conventional 100 mg/kg) affects acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Among 251 allo-HCT recipients, lower cumulative PTCy exposure was associated with increased rates of both acute and chronic GVHD. The results suggest that dose reductions from the standard PTCy regimen may compromise GVHD prophylaxis effectiveness, informing protocol and dosing decisions.

Soto D, Gallardo D, Lara P et al. · Transplantation and cellular therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Clonal dynamics on the road to hematological malignancy (MBL, MGUS, CH).

This seminar review analyzed clonal dynamics across age-associated precursor states—monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), and clonal hematopoiesis (CH)—using high-sensitivity technologies such as mass spectrometry, multiparametric flow cytometry, and next-generation sequencing. It reported that these precursor conditions are more prevalent than previously recognized, but only a minority progress to overt hematologic malignancies such as multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and myeloid neoplasms. The significance lies in improving risk stratification and mechanistic understanding of which clonal trajectories drive progression to cancer.

Zhuoer X, Aswin S, Paolo G et al. · Seminars in cancer biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Solid tumor clinical trials & treatment strategies (non-immunotherapy)

Long-term risk of metachronous gastric neoplasms after curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer.

This retrospective study assessed long-term risk factors for metachronous gastric neoplasms (MGNs) occurring after curative endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer, focusing on time-dependent changes beyond 5 years. Using multivariable and time-split Cox hazard modeling, the authors evaluated clinicopathological predictors and characterized features of late MGNs detected >12 months after ESD. The work aims to improve long-term surveillance stratification for patients after curative ESD.

Park JS, Lee EA, Park JH et al. · Endoscopy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

PARP Inhibitors plus Anlotinib as Bridging Therapy for Armored CAR-T Cells in Ovarian Cancer Enhances Infiltration and Antitumor Efficacy.

The study evaluated PARP inhibitors plus anlotinib as bridging therapy between leukapheresis and CAR-T infusion in immunocompetent mouse models of ovarian cancer to improve armored CAR-T trafficking and efficacy. The combination increased durable intratumoral T-cell accumulation and antitumor activity, associated with activation of the cGAS–STING pathway and vascular normalization. This provides a preconditioning strategy to enhance solid-tumor CAR-T infiltration without exposing CAR-T cells to concomitant drugs.

Li H, Xiang M, Xu Q et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Osimertinib With or Without Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With EGFR and Concurrent TP53 Mutations: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This phase 3 randomized clinical trial compared first-line osimertinib plus chemotherapy versus osimertinib monotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC harboring concurrent TP53 mutations. The study was designed to prospectively determine whether adding chemotherapy improves efficacy and safety over osimertinib alone in this molecularly defined subgroup. If positive, the results would refine treatment selection for EGFR/TP53 co-mutant advanced NSCLC.

Zhou T, Zhou H, Gao F et al. · JAMA · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗

Advanced cannulation techniques vs early EUS-BD in case of difficult biliary cannulation in patients with DMBO: an international propensity score-matched analysis.

This international propensity score-matched retrospective analysis compared advanced cannulation ERCP techniques (aERCP) versus early EUS-guided biliary drainage (eEUS-BD) for difficult biliary cannulation in patients with distal malignant biliary obstruction (DMBO) and common bile duct diameter >12 mm. The study evaluated safety and efficacy outcomes in a multicenter cohort treated up to 2024, directly contrasting the two strategies after matching. The clinical significance is guidance on whether early EUS-BD can reduce adverse events and improve outcomes when aERCP fails or is likely to fail in difficult cannulation scenarios.

Spadaccini M, Albouys J, Binda C et al. · The American journal of gastroenterology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Randomized phase 2 trial of a PARP inhibitor TSL-1502 in germline BRCA-mutated, HER2-negative locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer.

This randomized open-label phase 2 trial studied the glucuronide prodrug PARP inhibitor TSL-1502 in women with germline BRCA-mutated, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer across 28 sites in China. Patients were randomized (2:2:1) to TSL-1502 350 mg once daily, TSL-1502 500 mg once daily, or investigator’s choice chemotherapy (eribulin, capecitabine, or vinorelbine) in 3-week cycles, and the trial evaluated clinical activity and safety. If effective with improved tolerability, TSL-1502 could expand PARP inhibitor options using prodrug strategies to enhance target specificity.

Lan B, Xu F, Sun T et al. · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Short-Course Radiotherapy Combined With CapeOx and PD-1 Inhibitor Following Local Excision in High-Risk Early Rectal Cancer: Study Protocol for a Prospective Phase II Trial (TORCH-LE).

This prospective phase II trial protocol (TORCH-LE) studied a treatment strategy for high-risk early rectal cancer patients after local excision (LE) who refuse or cannot undergo completion total mesorectal excision (TME), using short-course radiotherapy combined with CapeOx chemotherapy and a PD-1 inhibitor in microsatellite-stable (MSS) disease. The trial is designed to evaluate efficacy and safety of this adjuvant organ-preservation regimen. If successful, TORCH-LE could expand non-surgical options for high-risk early rectal cancer by integrating chemoradiation with immunotherapy in MSS tumors.

Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang Z et al. · Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cardiovascular disease & vascular biology

Polycystin-1 suppresses apoptotic signalling in endothelial cells and protects from atherosclerosis.

The study investigated how polycystin-1 (PKD1) and polycystin-2 (PKD2) regulate endothelial cell (EC) apoptotic signaling and atherosclerosis, using zebrafish endothelial mechanoreceptor screening and mouse models with inducible EC-specific gene loss. EC-specific loss of PKD1 (but not PKD2) increased atherosclerosis, indicating PKD1 as an anti-apoptotic protective factor in the endothelium. These findings clarify a mechanistic link between PKD1 signaling and cardiovascular protection, relevant to cardiovascular manifestations in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Tardajos Ayllon B, Gras Font J, Winks TAE et al. · Cardiovascular research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Apolipoprotein M: A liver-derived lipid-binding protein protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by inhibiting TGF-β signaling.

This study investigated whether apolipoprotein M (ApoM), a liver-derived lipid-binding protein, protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by inhibiting TGF-β signaling, using human plasma proteomics from UK Biobank plus a mouse HFpEF model induced by high-fat diet and L-NAME. It found that ApoM expression is protective and that ApoM delivery via recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) attenuates HFpEF phenotypes through suppression of TGF-β signaling pathways. This is clinically significant because ApoM/TGF-β axis modulation could represent a therapeutic strategy for HFpEF driven by hepatic/visceral adiposity and inflammation.

Yang H, Mei S, He Y et al. · Metabolism: clinical and experimental · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Renal/metabolic organ disease & metabolic risk stratification

GDF15 suppresses liver inflammation independently of weight loss through neuroendocrine glucocorticoid signaling.

This study tested whether growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) protects against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) liver injury independently of weight loss using thermoneutral mouse models. Genetic deletion of GDF15 or its receptor GFRAL worsened hepatic inflammation and fibrosis without changing steatosis or insulin resistance, while recombinant GDF15 reduced inflammation and fibrosis more than matched caloric restriction despite identical reductions in food intake, body weight, and steatosis. The results identify a neuroendocrine GDF15–GFRAL axis as a weight-loss-independent hepatoprotective pathway relevant to MASH.

Wang D, Jabile MJT, Di Pastena F et al. · Cell metabolism · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Physical Fitness and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults.

This nationwide cohort study examined community-dwelling adults aged 65+ in Taiwan who completed standardized, objective physical fitness assessments across multiple domains to test associations with all-cause mortality. Higher fitness in multiple domains was associated with lower mortality risk, supporting functional capacity as a clinically meaningful indicator beyond comorbidity burden. The findings suggest that objective fitness testing could improve risk stratification and guide healthy aging interventions in older adults.

Wu MC, Hsu CT, Hsu HT et al. · JAMA network open · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Cognitive Impairment and Frailty in Older Adults With Cardiovascular Disease: 2026 ACC Scientific Statement: A Report of the American College of Cardiology.

This 2026 ACC scientific statement reviewed how cognitive impairment and frailty intersect with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older adults, emphasizing shared biological aging mechanisms such as vascular dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and sarcopenia. The key recommendation is to treat CVD, cognitive impairment, and frailty as manifestations of common aging biology and to apply consensus-based prevention, assessment, and management strategies. This provides a practical framework for clinicians to improve outcomes by addressing functional and cognitive risks alongside cardiovascular care.

Alexander KP, Damluji AA, Erqou S et al. · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Tirzepatide Use Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Overweight and Obese Adults.

This retrospective cohort study used TriNetX US data with target trial emulation to compare tirzepatide versus GLP-1 receptor agonists and other anti-obesity medications (e.g., orlistat, phentermine) in overweight/obese adults for risk of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and CTS surgery. Tirzepatide use was associated with a reduced risk of CTS compared with the comparator anti-obesity therapies after propensity score matching. Clinically, the results suggest tirzepatide may confer an additional musculoskeletal/neuropathy risk reduction benefit beyond weight loss in overweight and obese populations.

Su YJ, Gau SY, Shiue YL · Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Efficacy of Patiromer in Treatment of Long Inter-Dialytic Interval Hyperkalemia in Potassium-Rich Diet Populations Undergoing Intermittent Hemodialysis.

This study evaluated the efficacy of the potassium binder patiromer for long interdialytic interval (LIDI) hyperkalemia in adults with end-stage kidney disease on intermittent hemodialysis who follow potassium-rich dietary habits (Saudi Arabia context). Patients were assessed for LIDI hyperkalemia before dialysis after a screening period, and the trial aimed to determine whether patiromer reduces hyperkalemia risk in this high-risk population. Clinically, the work supports the use of patiromer as a targeted strategy to prevent potentially life-threatening hyperkalemia during extended interdialytic gaps.

Mohsin B, Althobaiti AA, Alattas JT et al. · International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Renal TRPM6 but not Kv1.1 is required for magnesium homeostasis in mice.

The study tested the roles of the magnesium channel subunit TRPM6 and the proposed upstream apical potassium channel Kv1.1 in magnesium homeostasis by generating inducible DCT-specific TRPM6 knockout mice (DCT-TRPM6 KO) and renal tubule Kv1.1 knockout mice (tubule-Kv1.1 KO). Renal TRPM6 was required for magnesium homeostasis, whereas Kv1.1 was not required, clarifying the genetic basis for magnesium entry mechanisms in the distal convoluted tubule. These results refine the molecular model of renal magnesium handling and can guide future therapeutic targeting for hypomagnesemia.

Thaitongsuk P, Girardi ACC, Morrow A et al. · American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Predicted 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction with Tirzepatide Use Over Three Years for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Obesity.

This post hoc analysis evaluated the durability of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction predicted over 10 years with tirzepatide in participants with obesity/prediabetes from the SURMOUNT-1 (SM-1) randomized phase 3 trial. Using Framingham Heart Study (FHS) equations to estimate model-derived hazard ratios and compare consistency with observed events in the REWIND trial, tirzepatide treatment over 176 weeks was assessed for sustained predicted CVD benefit versus placebo. If durable, this supports using tirzepatide as a long-term primary prevention strategy for CVD risk reduction in people with obesity, pending confirmation with event-based outcomes.

Sattar N, Mamas M, Li R et al. · European journal of preventive cardiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Noninvasive Detection of MASH and Fibrotic Burden Using Ultrasound-Derived LIID and LSM in MASLD: A Multicenter Study.

This multicenter study evaluated whether a quantitative ultrasound (QUS)–derived LIID score can noninvasively diagnose metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and whether liver stiffness measurement (LSM) on the same ultrasound platform can quantify fibrotic burden in 438 biopsy-confirmed MASLD participants. The LIID score and ultrasound-derived LSM showed diagnostic performance for identifying MASH and stratifying hepatic fibrosis in MASLD. These findings support a noninvasive ultrasound workflow to reduce reliance on liver biopsy for staging MASH and fibrosis in clinical MASLD care.

Gao F, Zhang Y, Ding Y et al. · Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Preconception 1-hour blood glucose as an early indicator of gestational diabetes mellitus risk in PMOS/PCOS women undergoing IVF treatment: a multi-centre cohort study.

This multicenter cohort study assessed whether preconception 1-hour plasma glucose measured during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) predicts gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk more strongly than fasting or 2-hour glucose in PMOS/PCOS women undergoing IVF. The 1-hour glucose value showed a stronger and more consistent association with subsequent GDM than the fasting or 2-hour measurements. This supports using the 1-hour OGTT glucose as an early risk stratifier to guide preventive monitoring in PMOS/PCOS IVF patients.

Wang G, Xie L, Chen Y et al. · Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Effect of early packed red blood cell transfusion on sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: A target trial emulation.

This target trial emulation used the MIMIC-IV database to estimate the causal association between early packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion and sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) in adult ICU patients. In sepsis patients with hemoglobin ≤10 g/dL within 24 hours of sepsis diagnosis, the analysis emulated treatment initiation timing to evaluate whether early transfusion changes SA-AKI risk (abstract details truncated). If confirmed, the findings could inform transfusion timing strategies to reduce kidney injury in sepsis.

Liu T, Chen W, Li X et al. · Journal of advanced research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Supervised Exercise Intervention Restores Physical Activity and MultiOMIC-Derived Frailty Biomarkers in Older Adults.

This study evaluated whether a multicomponent personalized supervised exercise intervention in older adults changes frailty-associated molecular biomarkers derived from the FRAILOMIC and BIOFRAIL transcriptomic signatures. It found that exercise restored physical activity and was associated with normalization of multi-OMIC-derived frailty biomarkers corresponding to those established frailty molecular patterns. This is significant because it supports exercise as a modifiable intervention that can shift biological frailty states, not just clinical activity measures.

Marcos-Perez D, Cruces-Salguero S, Saeteros M et al. · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Early identification of acute kidney injury progression in critically ill patients with sepsis: interpretable machine learning approach.

This study used multicenter critical-care datasets (MIMIC-IV v3.1 for training/internal validation, plus MIMIC-III, eICU-CRD, and SICdb) to build an interpretable machine-learning model for early identification of acute kidney injury (AKI) progression in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) patients. The clinical target was progression from AKI stage 1 or 2 to stage 3 within 7 days after SA-AKI diagnosis. The significance lies in enabling earlier risk stratification in critically ill sepsis patients with an interpretable approach that could support timely AKI management.

You X, Chen Y, Chen J et al. · Clinical kidney journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Burden of Dementia in Europe, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

This systematic analysis quantified the burden of dementia across Europe from 1990–2023 using Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 data, estimating prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for EU-27 and the WHO European Region by age and sex. The key finding is the provision of harmonized, time-trend estimates of dementia outcomes over three decades, including dementia-attributable mortality and DALYs attributable to six modifiable risk factors. The results are significant for public health planning by identifying the scale and drivers of dementia burden across European populations.

Urso D, Nichols E, Giannoni-Luza S et al. · The Lancet regional health. Europe · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Semaglutide attenuates a proteomics-based dementia risk signature in older adults with overweight or obesity and cardiovascular disease without diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the SELECT phase 3 trial.

This post hoc analysis of the SELECT phase 3 trial studied whether semaglutide 2.4 mg versus placebo alters the Dementia SomaSignal Test (dSST) 25-protein dementia risk score in adults ≥65 years with overweight/obesity and cardiovascular disease without diabetes (n=2970). Semaglutide attenuated the proteomics-based dementia risk signature at week 104 compared with placebo. Clinically, this supports a potential neuroprotective effect of the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide on systemic biomarkers linked to future dementia risk.

Jiménez-Mausbach M, Tijms BM, Paterson C et al. · Alzheimer’s & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Gastrointestinal infection, immunity & gut-brain axis

Circadian regulation of gastrointestinal motility and the effect on disorders of gut-brain interaction.

This article reviewed how circadian regulation—coordinated by central and peripheral clocks with the suprachiasmatic nucleus as the master clock—controls gastrointestinal (GI) motility and how circadian misalignment contributes to disorders of gut-brain interaction such as IBS and functional dyspepsia. It emphasizes that disrupted circadian rhythms impair GI motility and can exacerbate gut-brain interaction symptoms, with reported sex differences suggesting women may be more sensitive to circadian disruption. The significance is that circadian timing and sex-specific vulnerability may represent actionable targets for improving prevention or treatment strategies for GI disorders.

Babu SR, Mohtat A, Ho MF et al. · Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Plant-Based Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of plant-based therapies for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by searching Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science through May 2024. It pooled evidence using dichotomous ratings of change in IBS symptoms under a random-effects model to determine whether plant-based interventions improve symptoms compared with control. Clinically, the analysis informs whether plant-based options can be recommended as evidence-based adjuncts or alternatives for IBS symptom management.

Meyer A, Auer J, Cascant-Ortolano L et al. · Phytotherapy research : PTR · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Camouflage Protein-Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Alleviate TMJ-OA by Hijacking Caspase-1 to Suppress Pyroptosis.

This work examined the CXCL10/CXCR3 chemokine axis in intestinal epithelial cells during transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection and how it recruits T cells to the gut epithelium. CXCL10 selectively induced chemotaxis of CD4+ CXCR3+ T cells (with modest effects on CD8+ CXCR3+ cells), shaping the intestinal immune microenvironment in a way that promoted TGEV infection. These results identify CXCL10–CXCR3–mediated actin remodeling and CD4+ T-cell recruitment as a potential target to limit viral spread at the epithelial interface.

Liu Y, Zhou J, Wang Y et al. · Journal of extracellular vesicles · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Porcine Serum Amyloid A2 Blocks PRRSV by Directly Targeting Virion-Associated PIP2 and GP5.

This experimental study examined the antiviral role of serum amyloid A2 (SAA2) against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in primary porcine alveolar macrophages and in swine-relevant infection models. It found that SAA2 is induced during PRRSV infection and directly blocks PRRSV by targeting virion-associated PIP2 and the viral glycoprotein GP5, with recombinant SAA2 protein and SAA2 ectopic expression inhibiting viral replication. This is significant for developing host-directed or serum-protein-based antiviral interventions for PRRSV in swine.

Li S, Xiong Y, Fang L et al. · Antiviral research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Autoimmune/inflammatory disease therapeutics & risk stratification

Decade-long persistence of CD19 CAR T cells in B cell lymphomas.

This study investigated long-term persistence and biology of 4-1BB-costimulated anti-CD19 CAR T cells (CART19) in 38 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma followed for up to 10 years. Beyond year five, the CAR19 transgene remained detectable in a subset of long-term responders (7.0–10.1 years), and some patients maintained B cell aplasia consistent with sustained functional activity. The results support durable, clinically relevant persistence of CART19 and inform long-term monitoring and understanding of CAR T cell biology in B cell lymphomas.

Paruzzo L, Chong ER, Chong EA et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Liquid Biopsies for Cancer: A Translational Science Review.

This translational science review summarized evidence on liquid biopsies for cancer, focusing on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing and its use for monitoring progression, detecting residual disease, and identifying actionable gene variants. The key finding is that ctDNA levels and variant profiles can track treatment response (ctDNA decreases) and emerging resistance or recurrence (ctDNA increases) across cancers such as NSCLC, colorectal cancer, and breast cancer. Clinically, ctDNA can enable more precise molecularly directed therapy selection and earlier detection of relapse or residual disease.

Mezzanotte-Sharpe J, Piemonte K, Park BH · JAMA · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Management of Exacerbations and Rescue Therapy: A Prespecified Analysis of the Phase 3 Myasthenia Gravis Inebilizumab Randomized Clinical Trial.

This prespecified analysis of the phase 3 MINT trial evaluated how inebilizumab (an anti-CD19 monoclonal antibody that depletes CD19+ B cells) affected myasthenia gravis exacerbations and rescue therapy use in participants with generalized myasthenia gravis. The key finding was the effect of inebilizumab on exacerbation frequency and the need for rescue therapy compared with placebo within the trial population. Clinically, this informs how inebilizumab may reduce acute worsening events and rescue interventions in gMG management.

Nowak RJ, Utsugisawa K, Benatar M et al. · JAMA neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

IL-10-producing innate lymphoid cells restrain γδT17-driven psoriatic inflammation.

This study examined how IL-10–producing innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) regulate imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic inflammation driven by γδ T17 cells. IMQ induced a PD-L1^hi Sca-1^+ ILC2-like IL-10–enriched subset (ILC210) that acted as an innate brake, and adoptive transfer of ILC210 reduced clinical severity, epidermal hyperplasia, and γδ T cell IL-17A production (including reduced CCR2 expression), whereas IL10-deficient ILC210 lacked these effects. The significance is identification of an IL-10–dependent ILC210 regulatory mechanism that restrains the IL-23–IL-17 axis in psoriasis models.

Jo MG, Choi MY, Min KY et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Real-world adherence to and persistence with ofatumumab, infusion, oral, and other self-injectable disease-modifying therapies in patients with multiple sclerosis.

This real-world retrospective study used Optum Clinformatics Data Mart to assess 18- and 24-month adherence and persistence among adults with multiple sclerosis initiating disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) between 2019 and 2023. After propensity score matching, adherence/persistence outcomes were compared across ofatumumab (OMB), infusion DMTs, oral DMTs, and other injectable DMTs. The clinical significance is that route and schedule complexity may differentially affect long-term treatment continuity, informing patient-centered DMT selection in MS.

Tai MH, Brown B, Taiji R et al. · Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinical · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2026-2027: Technical Report.

This technical report provides 2026–2027 recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in children, including routine annual influenza vaccination starting at 6 months of age and guidance on antiviral medications for treatment and prevention. It summarizes evidence on recent influenza seasons, pediatric morbidity and mortality, and vaccine effectiveness to support the recommendations. The clinical significance is standardized, evidence-based guidance for pediatric clinicians to reduce influenza burden and improve outcomes during the upcoming season.

Pediatrics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

GLP-1-Based Therapies in Pain Medicine: A Narrative Review and Expert Opinion on Obesity-Related Low Back and Knee Pain.

This narrative review studied the potential role of GLP-1-based therapies in pain medicine for obesity-related low back pain and knee osteoarthritis. It synthesizes emerging clinical and mechanistic data on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and related therapies and discusses how these could be integrated into pain practice for patients with obesity. The significance is to inform clinicians whether GLP-1-based obesity treatments may also improve pain and functional outcomes in musculoskeletal conditions.

Hasoon J, Nguyen A, Viswanath O et al. · Current pain and headache reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Mapping infant streptococcal mortality burden in low- and middle-income countries: temporal trends, geospatial patterns, and socioeconomic determinants.

This cross-sectional geospatial study mapped infant mortality burden from streptococcal infections in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) using the MICROBE database and World Bank socioeconomic data. It quantified temporal trends and geographic patterns for group A Streptococcus (GAS), group B Streptococcus (GBS), Streptococcus pneumoniae, and other streptococci using joinpoint regression and assessed potential reductions in antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-related mortality with frontier analysis, alongside random forest models with SHAP for socioeconomic determinants. Public-health significance lies in identifying where and why infant streptococcal mortality is highest to target interventions and AMR mitigation.

Yin Z, Tan J, Li Y et al. · European journal of pediatrics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of asthma: from bench to bedside.

This review summarized mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in asthma, emphasizing how genetic susceptibility and environmental exposures drive heterogeneous disease biology. It highlights dysregulated immune pathways—especially type 2 inflammation—along with epithelial alarmin cytokines (TSLP, IL-33, IL-25) and downstream networks involving Th2/Th17 cells, group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), eosinophils, and mast cells that converge on bronchial hyperresponsiveness and remodeling. The significance is to connect bench mechanistic pathways to current and emerging targeted therapies for asthma phenotypes.

Xie C, Wei Y, Su C et al. · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants in the prophylaxis of catheter-related thrombosis: The DOACAT study.

The DOACAT study tested whether direct oral anticoagulants prevent catheter-related thrombosis in patients requiring permanent venous catheters by comparing apixaban (2.5 mg twice daily), rivaroxaban (10 mg once daily), and placebo in a prospective randomized trial. It found the efficacy and safety outcomes of apixaban and rivaroxaban for reducing catheter-associated thrombosis and improving catheter survival over follow-up (details truncated in the abstract). This is clinically significant because it addresses an evidence gap for prophylactic anticoagulation to preserve catheter function and reduce thrombotic complications.

Soliman M, Azhar A, Mowafy K et al. · The journal of vascular access · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Gastrointestinal dysfunction associated with autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy.

This clinical study characterized gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction in autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) and explored potential mechanisms using patients diagnosed by CSF GFAP-IgG positivity. It found that GI dysfunction is a measurable and clinically relevant feature in GFAP-A patients assessed with the I-FEED scoring system, and it included pathological examination in a subset to investigate underlying pathogenic processes (methods/results truncated). The significance is that recognizing and mechanistically understanding GI involvement may improve diagnosis, monitoring, and management of GFAP-A beyond the neurologic phenotype.

Xiao L, Qin B, Guo Y et al. · Journal of neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding with gabapentin versus duloxetine in older adults with neuropathic pain: a target trial emulation cohort study.

This target trial emulation cohort study used TriNetX US data to compare gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding risk after initiating gabapentin versus duloxetine in adults aged ≥65 years with neuropathic pain (2020–2024), excluding those with prior GI bleeding, major depressive disorder, or thrombocytopenia. After propensity score matching, GI bleeding was assessed over 24 months using Cox regression. The findings are clinically relevant for selecting neuropathic pain therapy in older adults by quantifying comparative GI bleeding risk between gabapentin and duloxetine.

Agrawal N, Sharma A, Chandrashekar A et al. · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s archives of pharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Advancing Type 1 Diabetes Treatment: 3 PM-Oriented Innovations in Islet Transplantation and Biomaterial Engineering.

This review article examined current and emerging Type 1 diabetes (T1D) strategies—particularly islet allo- and xenotransplantation and biomaterial engineering—through a “3 PM” (predictive, preventive, personalized) medicine framework. It highlights that while insulin replacement and artificial pancreas systems improve glycemic control, they do not restore β-cell function or stop autoimmune progression, and that transplantation is limited by immune rejection, donor scarcity, and systemic immunosuppression. The review’s significance is to guide future research and clinical translation toward immune-protective, personalized islet replacement approaches that could better achieve disease modification.

Sabet Sarvestani F, Yaghobi R, Khosravi Maharlooei M et al. · Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Impact of Antiseizure Medication on Thyroid Function in Children With Epilepsy: A Case-Control Study.

This case-control study compared thyroid hormone levels in children with epilepsy receiving chronic antiseizure medication (ASM) monotherapy versus healthy children without seizures or anticonvulsant exposure. It aimed to quantify the rates, dynamics, and dose-dependence of subclinical and clinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism associated with long-term ASM use. The significance is that it informs pediatric epilepsy care by clarifying which ASM regimens may increase thyroid dysfunction risk and when monitoring should be prioritized.

Kumar N, Singh P, Singh VK et al. · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Defence systems drive accessory genome interactions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

This study investigated how bacterial defense systems shape interactions among accessory genome elements in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It frames defense systems as ecological drivers that can alter horizontal gene transfer, phage susceptibility, and the co-occurrence/avoidance patterns of accessory elements. The significance is improved understanding of how immune-like bacterial defenses structure genome evolution and diversification in natural and clinical environments.

Chong CE, Weimann A, Agapov A et al. · ISME communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

The Association Between COVID-19 and Herpes Zoster in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review evaluated the temporal relationship between COVID-19 infection (SARS-CoV-2) and subsequent herpes zoster (HZ/shingles) in adult populations. It synthesizes evidence on timing of rash onset, clinical outcomes, prognostic implications, and recovery, motivated by proposed immune dysregulation mechanisms such as lymphopenia and impaired T-cell immunity leading to varicella-zoster virus reactivation. The significance is clarifying whether COVID-19 increases HZ risk and when clinicians should consider surveillance or preventive strategies for shingles in adults after infection.

Khawaja I, Khan N, Kannangara L et al. · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Anti-CD38/Anti-CD20 Rescue Therapy for Posttransplant Recurrent FSGS.

This retrospective multicenter study evaluated daratumumab (anti-CD38) given after and/or with anti-CD20 therapy in 17 kidney transplant recipients with posttransplant recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (rFSGS), integrating clinical outcomes with biological and histological characterization. Combined plasma-cell and B-cell depletion was assessed as a rescue approach for rFSGS cases that were often resistant to standard treatments and required prolonged apheresis. The findings support further investigation of anti-CD38/anti-CD20 regimens as a targeted immunotherapy strategy for refractory recurrent FSGS after kidney transplantation.

Leon J, Ducrocq E, Lafargue MC et al. · Kidney international reports · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Distinction between allergic rhinitis alone and allergic rhinitis + asthma in MASK-air® real-world studies; a ARIA-WAO task force review.

This ARIA-WAO task force review used real-world MASK-air® study data to distinguish allergic rhinitis (AR) alone from allergic rhinitis plus asthma (AR+A) in the context of the ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis. The analysis found that AR+A patients had more severe symptoms and required more rhinitis medications than AR alone, and it confirmed an “extreme allergy phenotype” cluster (AR+A+conjunctivitis) with greater symptom and productivity burden. These results support clinical phenotyping that treats AR and AR+A as distinct disease entities for more tailored management.

Sousa-Pinto B, Vieira RJ, Pereira AM et al. · The World Allergy Organization journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

How Biologics Are Changing the Global Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review.

This narrative review summarized how biologic therapies have changed the global burden and treatment landscape of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), covering anti-TNF antibodies, vedolizumab (anti-integrin), ustekinumab (IL-12/23 blockade), and IL-23 p19 inhibitors (risankizumab, mirikizumab), alongside newer oral small molecules (JAK inhibitors and S1P receptor modulators). The key finding is that biologics and advanced therapies have broadened therapeutic options and reshaped IBD management beyond its historical concentration in high-income Western settings. Scientifically and clinically, the review frames how these drug classes may influence disease outcomes and global care strategies for Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

Abu Osba Y, Elshebli S, Abureesh A et al. · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Dual-modal antioxidant and epigenetic synergy attenuates the self-perpetuating senescence cycle in osteoarthritis.

This study investigated whether a dual-modal therapy combining antioxidant and epigenetic interventions can break the self-perpetuating senescence cycle in osteoarthritis (OA) by targeting oxidative stress and m6A methylation in chondrocytes. The authors engineered cartilage-targeted HPcLW nanoparticles (~250 nm) co-loaded with lycopene and WTAP siRNA (WTAP being a core m6A methyltransferase component), and reported extended joint retention (~10 days) and attenuation of senescence-related pathology. The work is significant because it proposes a combined antioxidant–epigenetic strategy to more directly target OA’s upstream drivers rather than only symptomatic pathways.

An X, Cai H, Wu W et al. · Bioactive materials · (2027) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A four-year journey towards clinical remission and background therapies optimization with benralizumab: A retrospective analysis.

This retrospective real-world analysis assessed long-term (48-month) outcomes of benralizumab, an anti–IL-5Rα monoclonal antibody, in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA), emphasizing clinical remission and reduction of background therapies including oral corticosteroids. Over four years, benralizumab was evaluated for sustained control, airway function changes, and steroid-sparing effects beyond the commonly reported 36-month window. The findings support the durability of benralizumab’s effectiveness in SEA and help optimize long-term management strategies in routine clinical practice.

Pini L, Bagnasco D, Beghè B et al. · The World Allergy Organization journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Reproductive biology & fertility mechanisms

TRIM28 regulate G2/M transition via histone modification and DNA damage repair during mouse oocyte meiosis.

The authors investigated the role of the transcriptional coregulator TRIM28 in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation, focusing on germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and G2/M transition control. TRIM28 depletion caused defective GVBD and impaired CDK1 activity, linking TRIM28 to cell-cycle progression via histone modification and DNA damage repair during meiosis. These findings identify TRIM28 as a key regulator of genome stability and meiotic progression in oocytes, informing mechanisms underlying fertility and meiotic failure.

Ma RJ, Tang MM, Lu PS et al. · Journal of cell science · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Extracellular Vesicles in Reproductive Physiology and Pathology.

This review synthesized current evidence on extracellular vesicles (EVs) as mediators of bidirectional communication in reproductive physiology and pathology across male and female reproductive tracts. It highlights that EVs transfer functional cargoes that regulate processes such as sperm activation, motility, capacitation, oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development, with specialized EV types (e.g., epididymosomes and prostasomes) contributing to these effects. Scientifically, it frames EV biology as a mechanistic bridge between reproductive cell states and disease, supporting EV-targeted diagnostics or therapeutics.

Rimmer MP, Mitchell RT, Gregory CD · Physiological reviews · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Hyperkisspeptinemia and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis uncoupling in hemodialysis patients: clinical evidence suggestive of central desensitization.

This cross-sectional clinical study measured serum kisspeptin, gonadotropins, and sex steroids in 69 maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients versus 20 age-matched healthy controls to test whether uremia-associated kisspeptin accumulation relates to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis uncoupling via central desensitization. The study provides clinical evidence consistent with central desensitization of the kisspeptin–HPG axis in hemodialysis patients. The significance is improved mechanistic understanding of uremic hypogonadism, potentially informing targeted neuroendocrine interventions in MHD.

Lan N, Ye D, Li M et al. · Clinical kidney journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Bioengineering, regenerative medicine & device/assay development

A Systems Pharmacology Model of Aging Identifies Optimal Combination Therapies With Secondary Benefits on Weight Loss and Metabolic Health.

The authors developed an SBML-compliant quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model of aging that integrates pharmacodynamic layers for GLP-1 receptor agonism, SGLT2 inhibition, metformin, and rapamycin along with adverse-event dynamics and aging states (damage accumulation, repair capacity, frailty, biological age). The model identified optimal combination therapies that improved aging-related trajectories while also producing secondary benefits on weight loss and metabolic health. Scientifically, this supports a systems-level framework for selecting drug combinations that target aging endpoints rather than only disease-specific biomarkers.

Goryanin I, Damms B, Goryanin I · CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Establishing peripherally inserted central catheter service in a middle-income country and risk factors for catheter failure: A retrospective study.

This retrospective study examined peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) service implementation in a tertiary care center in Thailand and assessed incidence, complications, and risk factors for catheter failure among patients receiving PICCs placed by an anesthesiology line service team (Jan 2023–Aug 2024). The key outcome was the catheter failure incidence and the identification of patient/procedural factors associated with failure. Clinically, the results provide evidence to improve PICC selection, placement practices, and monitoring protocols in middle-income settings to reduce failure rates.

Kasikan K, Khamtha A, Worakitsomboon C et al. · The journal of vascular access · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Physiologically Regulated Frataxin Gene Replacement Restores Neurological Function in a Mouse Model of Friedreich Ataxia.

The study evaluated a physiologically regulated frataxin gene replacement strategy using a human mini-frataxin construct (miniFXN7) with an endogenous regulatory element to control expression in a mouse model of Friedreich ataxia (Pvalb-cKO). Systemic delivery via AAV-PHP.eB restored neurological function while aiming to keep frataxin (FXN) expression within a physiological range to avoid mitochondrial dysfunction from overexpression. This supports a safer, regulation-focused FXN gene therapy approach for Friedreich ataxia with improved functional outcomes in vivo.

Pilotto F, Dall’Agnol L, Reutenauer L et al. · Human gene therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Screening cross-injury responses in skin organoids identifies a THBS2-enriched pro-repair fibroblast state during regeneration.

This study used a high-fidelity mouse skin organoid platform to model injury-associated stressors (hypoxia, hyperthermia, and hyperinflammation) and applied transcriptomic profiling including single-cell RNA sequencing to identify regenerative regulatory programs. It found that regeneration is associated with a THBS2-enriched pro-repair fibroblast state that emerges across injury conditions. This is clinically significant because THBS2+ pro-repair fibroblasts may represent a conserved cellular target to improve or steer regenerative wound healing.

Zhang C, Guo X, Ren K et al. · Journal of advanced research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Engineering functional vasculatures to reconstruct sympathetic-parasympathetic circuits for bladder function after spinal cord injury.

This preclinical tissue-engineering study engineered a hydrogel-based spinal cord substitute to restore sympathetic-parasympathetic bladder innervation after spinal cord injury (SCI) by enabling stable microvascularization. It used temporally staged angiogenic signaling—early vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) delivery to drive endothelial sprouting and delayed platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) release to support maturation—combined with immune modulation. The significance is that functional vasculature engineering may improve neural regeneration and bladder function recovery after SCI.

Weng H, Xiao L, Li T et al. · Bioactive materials · (2027) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Y-RBCEVs accelerate fracture repair through osteogenesis and VCAN-mediated CD44/PI3K/AKT-dependent macrophage polarization.

The study investigated young human red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicles (Y-RBCEVs) in a murine femoral fracture model and in vitro using osteogenic differentiation assays and bone marrow macrophage (BMM) polarization, comparing Y-RBCEVs with older RBC-derived EVs (O-RBCEVs). Y-RBCEVs accelerated fracture repair by promoting osteogenesis and driving VCAN-mediated CD44/PI3K/AKT-dependent macrophage polarization, supported by proteomic differences between EV preparations and in vivo biodistribution/efficacy tracking. These findings suggest a cell-free EV strategy that harnesses VCAN–CD44/PI3K/AKT macrophage reprogramming to improve post-fracture bone regeneration.

Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang Q et al. · Bioactive materials · (2027) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Progress in the Application of Exosomes in Androgenetic Alopecia: Focusing on Molecular Mechanisms.

This narrative review summarized the application of exosomes in androgenetic alopecia (AGA), focusing on how exosome-delivered molecular cargo can modulate hair follicle signaling pathways underlying follicle miniaturization and shortened anagen. The key finding is that exosome-based approaches are being explored as potentially safer alternatives or adjuncts to FDA-approved AGA drugs minoxidil and finasteride, by targeting dysregulated pathways in hair follicles. Scientifically, the review consolidates mechanistic insights that could inform development of exosome-derived or exosome-mimetic therapies for AGA.

Chen Y, Chen S, Ding W et al. · International journal of nanomedicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Generated automatically on August 11, 2026 from PubMed’s trending articles. Summaries are AI-generated; always consult the original publication for clinical or research decisions.