PubMed Trending Research Digest — August 24, 2026

Automated digest · 96 articles · 26 research areas · August 24, 2026

Overview

Across this week’s PubMed set, a clear through-line is the push toward more precise, mechanism-informed therapy selection—whether in oncology, immune-mediated disease, or aging-related interventions. In cancer, multiple studies emphasize tailoring: real-world CAR T response kinetics refine expectations for early vs delayed remission; machine-learning and causal frameworks help identify who benefits from adding immunotherapy in unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; and biomarker work (e.g., CD161 in head and neck cancer, plasma p-tau217 assay performance for anti-amyloid decisions) highlights the need for standardized, decision-relevant measurements. Methodologically, several papers also advance how we analyze time-varying treatment effects (Bayesian interval-specific modeling) and how we evaluate net benefit across perioperative phases—reflecting a broader move toward more clinically interpretable evidence.

A second dominant theme is immune regulation at the interface of tissue damage and systemic signaling. Mechanistic work dissects innate immune activation and transcription recovery after stress (cGAS activation rarity and DIS3’s role in resolving backtracked RNAPII), while reviews and studies connect immune pathways to disease biology across contexts: IL-40 as an immune regulatory cytokine, IL-23p19 inhibitor pharmacokinetics variability, and biomarker candidates for vedolizumab response in ulcerative colitis. In parallel, microbiome-focused perspectives (gut–lung and gut–brain axes) and metabolite-centered frameworks (including polyamines and microbiota-derived neurotransmitter/stress metabolites) reinforce the idea that immune outcomes are shaped by upstream metabolic and ecological inputs.

Finally, the digest shows strong momentum in translational tools and supportive care. New technologies—single-cell and spatial multi-omics atlases, brain cell-specific extracellular vesicle proteomics, and AI-assisted endoscopy—aim to detect disease earlier and target interventions more accurately. In parallel, clinical studies address patient-centered outcomes and implementation realities: condensed chemotherapy schedules, organ-preservation radiotherapy strategies in rectal cancer, long-term quality-of-life after acute pancreatitis, and practical guidance for vaccination and safe living in transplant recipients. Together, these studies suggest a field increasingly focused not only on whether interventions work, but on how to deploy them safely, measure benefit reliably, and match treatments to the biology and trajectories of individual patients.

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In vivo / next-generation CAR T cell engineering

Rewiring immunity with in vivo CAR T cell engineering.

This Perspective discusses in vivo CAR T cell engineering in oncology, focusing on how CAR T cells can be generated inside patients by targeting lymphocytes and managing pharmacology/biodistribution. It highlights that in vivo CAR T approaches aim to reduce ex vivo manufacturing complexity while raising key safety questions that must be addressed for translation. The work is significant because it frames the translational opportunities and outstanding mechanistic and safety challenges for next-generation CAR T therapies beyond conventional ex vivo manufacturing.

Slaney CY, Xu R, Wu S et al. · Nature cancer · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Hematologic malignancies: lymphoma and AML/MDS treatment strategies

Older Age, STAG2, and DNMT3A Mutations Predict Superior Posttransplant Survival in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated With Venetoclax Plus Hypomethylating Agents.

In newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (ND-AML) patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy treated with venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents (Ven-HMA) who subsequently underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant (ASCT), this study assessed predictors of posttransplant survival. Older age and mutations in STAG2 and DNMT3A were associated with superior posttransplant survival. These genomic and clinical predictors could help refine prognostication and transplant decision-making in the Ven-HMA–treated ND-AML setting.

Warraich M, Kumar S, Fatima M et al. · American journal of hematology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Autologous stem cell transplantation versus consolidation chemotherapy as postremission treatment in newly diagnosed favorable- and intermediate-risk patients with AML: A comparative analysis of HOVON-SAKK-Nordic trials.

This retrospective nonrandomized comparative analysis of HOVON-SAKK-Nordic trials evaluated postremission strategies in newly diagnosed ELN2022 favorable- or intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients aged 18–65 years in complete remission without measurable residual disease (MRD), comparing autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) after busulfan/cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) versus consolidation chemotherapy. The study found differences in efficacy and safety outcomes between auto-HCT and consolidation chemotherapy in this risk group. These data help clinicians weigh transplant versus chemotherapy consolidation for ELN2022 favorable/intermediate AML patients who are MRD-negative after induction.

Kotsos D, Hazenberg C, Pabst T et al. · HemaSphere · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

CD7 CAR-T cells eliminate chronic myeloid leukemia stem cells specifically and effectively.

This study evaluated CD7 CAR-T cell activity against chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, focusing on elimination of CD7+ leukemia stem cells (LSCs) while sparing CD7+ normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), using in vitro assays with primary CML LSCs and CD7-overexpressing K562 cells. CD7 CAR-T cells specifically and effectively eliminated CD7+ CML tumor cells and CD7+ LSCs in vitro. These findings support CD7 as a CAR-T target for eradicating CML stem-cell reservoirs that are not eliminated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and contribute to recurrence.

Zhang W, Wang H, Tang L et al. · Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Complete remission of Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphoma following eradication therapy: A case report.

This case report described a late-50s Asian woman with Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma who achieved complete remission after standard eradication therapy. Despite the absence of H. pylori, eradication treatment led to complete remission. The case suggests that eradication regimens may benefit a subset of H. pylori-negative gastric MALT lymphoma patients and highlights the need to clarify mechanisms and optimal first-line management.

Chen H, Tang J, Mo L et al. · Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

BrECADD in three days: Implementation of a condensed intensive first-line regimen in Hodgkin lymphoma.

This study implemented a condensed intensive first-line regimen for advanced-stage classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) using brentuximab vedotin plus etoposide, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, dacarbazine, and dexamethasone (BrECADD) in 30 patients treated between January 2024 and July 2026. The key finding was that intravenous administration days were reduced from the conventional 4 days to 3 days per 21-day cycle (about a 25% reduction) while delivering the condensed BrECADD protocol. Clinically, shortening IV exposure could improve feasibility and patient access while preserving the efficacy profile of the original BrECADD regimen.

Jaworek CP, Supprian M, Bröckelmann PJ et al. · British journal of haematology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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CAR T outcomes and response kinetics (real-world/registries)

Response kinetics following CAR T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma: a LYSA study from the DESCAR-T registry.

Using the French DESCAR-T registry (NCT04328298), this real-world LYSA analysis studied response kinetics after CAR T-cell therapy in 1542 adults with large B-cell lymphoma treated after at least two prior therapies. At 1 month, 49.1% achieved complete remission (CR) and 28.9% partial response (PR), and among 484 patients with incomplete response (PR/SD), 35.5% later converted to CR, mostly within 6 months, with CR showing much longer event-free survival than PR or SD. Scientifically and clinically, these data refine expectations for early versus delayed response and support risk-adapted monitoring and management after CAR T therapy.

Manson G, Di Blasi R, Houot R et al. · Bone marrow transplantation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Transplant immunology and GVHD prophylaxis

A randomized pilot trial comparing anti-thymocyte globulin with anti-thymocyte globulin plus post transplant cyclophosphamide for prophylaxis against acute and chronic graft versus host disease in matched donor hematopoietic cell transplants - a study from the Cell Therapy Transplant Canada/ Australasian Leukemia Lymphoma Group Consortium.

In a randomized pilot trial in 79 patients with AML or MDS receiving matched-donor hematopoietic cell transplants, investigators compared anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) alone (4.5 mg/kg) versus ATG plus post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy 100 mg/kg) for prophylaxis against acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease. The key finding was that overall survival at 100 days was essentially identical between arms (95.0% vs 94.9%), with similar serious adverse event rates and no clear survival signal favoring the ATG+PTCy strategy. This is significant because it provides early randomized safety/feasibility evidence for optimizing GVHD prophylaxis regimens in AML/MDS transplant settings.

Walker I, Deotare U, Elemary M et al. · Bone marrow transplantation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Innate immune sensing of DNA damage (cGAS/DIS3 and related mechanisms)

RNA degradation by DIS3 is a necessary step in the resolution of backtracked transcription complexes.

This study investigated the role of the RNA exosome catalytic subunit DIS3 in RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription, particularly during UV-induced stress that promotes RNAPII backtracking. Rapid DIS3 depletion reduced RNA synthesis and caused RNAPII elongation defects that were worsened by UV irradiation, and DIS3 redistributed after UV in parallel with RNAPII dynamics; the 3′–5′ exoribonuclease activity of DIS3 was required for resolving backtracked transcription complexes. The work clarifies a mechanistic requirement for DIS3-mediated RNA degradation in transcription recovery after DNA damage.

Enervald E, Jain S, Tarbier M et al. · Cell reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A versatile cGAMP reporter reveals principles of cGAS activation by DNA damage and chromosome instability.

This work developed a versatile cGAMP reporter to measure cGAS activation at the single-cell level and studied how cGAS is triggered by DNA damage and chromosome instability. The key finding was that genotoxic stress–mediated cGAS activation is a rare event and is not driven by enrichment on micronuclei, with mechanisms varying by dependence on the (truncated) pathway(s). The study is significant because it provides improved tools to dissect when and how cGAS senses damaged DNA, informing mechanistic models of innate immune activation during genome instability.

Lebrec V, Kanellou A, Davies LR et al. · Nature cell biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cell death biology and ferroptosis propagation

A novel curcumin analog sAc15 alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by activating the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway in pulmonary epithelial cells.

This in vivo and in vitro study tested a novel curcumin analog, sAc15, in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and in Beas-2b pulmonary epithelial cells exposed to t-BHP oxidative damage. The key finding is that sAc15 alleviates ALI/oxidative injury by activating the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway, reducing ROS accumulation and apoptosis, with target engagement supported by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The results support sAc15 as a mechanistically targeted antioxidant candidate for ALI driven by redox imbalance.

Zhou L, Tang Z, Lin Y et al. · Redox report : communications in free radical research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Mechanisms underlying propagation of ferroptotic cell death.

This Nature Cell Biology article reviews mechanisms of ferroptosis propagation, focusing on how iron-promoted, lipid-peroxidation–driven cell death can spread to neighboring cells. It emphasizes that propagation is constrained by multiple ferroptosis-suppression systems and highlights GPX4 and FSP1 as master regulators while detailing additional determinants of ferroptosis sensitivity. The review is significant because it synthesizes molecular and tissue-level mechanisms that could be targeted to prevent harmful ferroptosis spread or to enhance ferroptosis in disease contexts.

Maremonti F, Dehdari A, Leinung N et al. · Nature cell biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Cancer metabolism and epigenetic regulation

Acetate suppresses tumorigenesis through ACSS2-dependent H2A.Z acetylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

This study examined how acetate metabolism and the acetyl-CoA synthetase ACSS2 regulate epigenetic chromatin changes in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The authors found that acetate supplementation suppresses ESCC tumorigenesis by ACSS2-dependent acetylation of histone variant H2A.Z, which transcriptionally activates ACSS2 and the DNA damage response regulator ATM. These findings support targeting the acetate–ACSS2–H2A.Z acetylation axis as a potential therapeutic strategy in ESCC.

Chen Z, Li C, Zhang Y et al. · Cell reports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Epigenetic aging and geroscience biomarkers

Joint changes in subjective memory and objective cognition and risk of incident functional dependence: A harmonized analysis of four aging cohorts.

This harmonized multicohort longitudinal analysis used data from four aging cohorts (CHARLS, HRS, ELSA, and SHARE) to examine how joint trajectories of subjective memory and objective cognition from baseline (T0) to first follow-up (T1) predict incident functional dependence after T1. Specific combined trajectory patterns were associated with higher or lower risk of later functional dependence, assessed using cohort-specific Cox models. The cross-population evidence supports using combined subjective–objective cognitive change profiles to better forecast functional decline in aging populations.

Yin X, Li Z, Fu R et al. · Alzheimer’s & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer’s Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

LivAge: An Online Aging Clock for Murine Transcriptomic Age Estimation.

This study developed LivAge, an online “aging clock” for estimating murine transcriptomic age from gene-expression data. LivAge was designed to quantify biological aging trajectories to support evaluation of geroprotective or longevity interventions in mouse models. The tool enables faster, transcriptome-based assessment of intervention effects on aging biology without waiting for long lifespan outcomes.

Celemín-Capaldi V, Bea G, Roiz-Valle D et al. · Aging cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Responsiveness of epigenetic aging biomarkers to longevity interventions in humans.

This Nature Medicine study evaluated how responsive epigenetic aging biomarkers—especially DNA methylation (DNAm) clocks—are to longevity interventions in humans. By curating TranslAGE (51 longitudinal interventional studies) and calculating consistent DNAm clock outputs across studies, it identified patterns of responsiveness across interventions and biomarkers. The results advance the use of epigenetic clocks as near-term surrogate endpoints for aging-targeting interventions, potentially accelerating clinical geroscience trials.

Sehgal R, Borrus D, Armstrong JF et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation (AD/PD/tau/EVs)

Therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of engineered young plasma-derived exosomes in Alzheimer’s disease.

The study evaluated whether rabies virus glycoprotein-targeting peptide (RVG-29)–engineered young plasma-derived exosomes (RVG-EXOs) could treat Alzheimer’s disease in 3×Tg AD model mice. RVG-EXOs more effectively ameliorated AD-related pathology and memory deficits than unmodified young plasma exosomes, indicating enhanced delivery/therapeutic action via RVG-29 targeting. This supports engineered exosome therapeutics as a mechanistically guided strategy for AD treatment, leveraging surface targeting to improve efficacy.

Chen H, Si Y, Cheng Q et al. · Bioactive materials · (2027) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Divergent tau pathology profiles induced by distinct alpha-synuclein aggregates in non-human primates.

In a baboon model, this study tested whether distinct alpha-synuclein aggregates from Parkinson’s disease brains—small aggregates (SA) versus large aggregates (LA)—induce different tau pathology profiles after intrastriatal injection. Biochemical and histopathological analyses at 6, 12, and 24 months showed higher phospho-tau expression and increased neuropil thread frequency in both SA- and LA-injected animals compared with controls, with divergent pathology characteristics between aggregate types. The findings indicate that the conformational “strain” of alpha-synuclein can shape downstream tau pathology, improving mechanistic understanding of co-pathology in neurodegeneration.

Darricau M, Neu-Faber C, Bourdenx M et al. · Brain : a journal of neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Polyamine Metabolism in Brain Health and Disease.

This narrative review summarizes how polyamine metabolism—especially spermidine and spermine—contributes to brain health and disease through roles in gene regulation, organelle function, and stress responses, intersecting with pathways such as methionine metabolism, acetyl-CoA, and oxidative stress. It emphasizes polyamines as modulators of neurodevelopment, neural maintenance, and synaptic plasticity, linking dysregulated polyamine homeostasis to neurological pathology. The review highlights polyamine metabolism as a mechanistic target for future therapeutic strategies across brain disorders.

Tao X, Nassuna T, Zhai RG · Neuropharmacology and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Subtype-specific secretion of extracellular vesicles by LRRK2 and Rab GTPases under lysosomal stress.

The study investigated how lysosomal stress drives extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion in cells, focusing on the Parkinson’s disease kinase LRRK2 and its regulation of Rab GTPases. Under lysosomal stress, endolysosomal luminal and membrane components were secreted via LRRK2, with bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate (a urinary marker of LRRK2 activity) similarly secreted, while CD9-positive EVs were not involved; further characterization identified Alix-positive EVs as key carriers. These findings clarify a mechanism linking LRRK2 activation to selective EV biogenesis, informing how lysosomal dysfunction may contribute to neurodegenerative disease biology.

Sakurai M, Kuwahara T, Suenaga S et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Dissecting Alzheimer’s proteomic landscape through NULISA profiling of brain cell-specific extracellular vesicles.

This study profiled brain cell-specific extracellular vesicles (sEVs) isolated from plasma of individuals with normal cognition (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or Alzheimer’s disease-related dementia (ADRD) using NULISAseq to measure 122 proteins. Distinct proteomic signatures across neuron-, astrocyte-, microglia-, oligodendrocyte-, pericyte-, and endothelial-derived sEVs reflected AD pathology, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation states. The approach advances brain cell-specific, blood-based proteomics that may improve early detection and monitoring of AD/ADRD and accelerate therapeutic target discovery.

Kumar A, Sharma M, Su Y et al. · Alzheimer’s & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer’s Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Neurogenesis and mood disorders

Dysregulated adult hippocampal neurogenesis in major depressive disorders.

This Nature Medicine study investigated adult hippocampal neurogenesis in nonmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) by integrating analyses of neurogenic trajectories, cell-type/subfield-specific gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and protein expression. The key finding was evidence for a stalled neurogenic process in the adult human hippocampal subgranular zone in MDD, indicating dysregulated neurogenesis at the molecular level. This supports a human mechanistic link between impaired hippocampal plasticity and MDD and highlights neurogenesis-related pathways as potential therapeutic targets.

Peng MS, Jiang J, Polizzi L et al. · Nature medicine · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Microbiome–immune–gut–lung/brain axis

Gut Microbiota-Immune Interactions in Chronic Lung Diseases: An Emerging Cross-Disease Perspective Gut-Lung Axis in Chronic Lung Disease.

This narrative review synthesized clinical and experimental evidence on gut microbiota–immune interactions across chronic lung diseases, focusing on the gut–lung axis in asthma, COPD, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary fibrosis. It highlights how intestinal microbial communities and metabolites, epithelial barrier integrity, and mucosal immune programming can drive pulmonary inflammation, remodeling, and host defense. The cross-disease perspective supports microbiome-targeted strategies as potential adjuncts for chronic lung disease management.

Zhu Q, Zhang C, Niu Y et al. · Journal of inflammation research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Modulating stress responses via the microbiota-gut-brain axis: a pathway-focused review of GABA, 5-HT, and kynurenine metabolites.

This pathway-focused review synthesizes preclinical and human evidence on how microbiota-gut-brain–regulated metabolites—specifically γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin (5-HT), and kynurenine-pathway metabolites—shape stress responses in relation to anxiety and depression risk. It finds that diet- and microbe-driven changes in these metabolite systems can modulate host neurobiology and thereby influence vulnerability versus resilience to stress. The review highlights mechanistic targets within the microbiota-gut-brain axis that could inform upstream nutritional interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Zhao X, Xiao S, Ma X et al. · Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Integrative Omics of Eosinophils in Asthma and COPD: Deciphering Molecular Signatures for Targeted Therapy.

This narrative review integrated omics evidence to describe molecular signatures of eosinophils in asthma and COPD and to identify targets for more precise therapy. It summarizes single-omics and multi-omics (transcriptomic, proteomic, and lipidomic) studies that reveal heterogeneity beyond eosinophil counts, which are used clinically to guide corticosteroid and biologic therapy. The work is significant for advancing eosinophil-based precision medicine and for developing targeted interventions based on molecular phenotypes.

Miyata J, Sunata K, Sasaki H et al. · Molecular diagnosis & therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The gut microbiome organ.

This article reviewed the gut microbiome as an “organ-like” system, focusing on how spatial organization, metabolic capacity, and bidirectional host communication shape endocrine-like, immunomodulatory, and neuromodulatory signaling. It highlights that microbiome-derived bioactive metabolites regulate metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine homeostasis and thereby influence systemic disease susceptibility. Conceptually framing the microbiome as an organ may guide future mechanistic and therapeutic strategies targeting microbial metabolites and host signaling.

Bi Y, Song W, Glymenaki M et al. · iMeta · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals dendritic cell centered regulatory networks and therapeutic targets in necrotizing enterocolitis.

This study used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and public transcriptomic datasets from GEO to define cellular composition, immune infiltration, and intercellular communication networks in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and to identify candidate disease-associated regulators and therapeutic targets. A dendritic-cell-centered regulatory network was identified as a key organizing feature of NEC pathogenesis, highlighting specific candidate genes within these networks. The results provide mechanistic targets and a cell-type focus that could guide future immunomodulatory therapies for premature-infant NEC.

Chen F, Chen F, Aierken Y et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Non-neuronal acetylcholine: from cellular signaling to clinical implications.

This review synthesized evidence on non-neuronal acetylcholine (ACh) signaling across peripheral tissues, focusing on the non-neuronal cholinergic system (NNCS) as an autocrine/paracrine network distinct from classical neuronal neurotransmission. It concludes that tissue-resident ACh-producing cells communicate at the interface of cellular homeostasis and systemic neural reflexes through mechanisms separate from autonomic circuits. The work frames NNCS biology as clinically relevant for understanding and potentially targeting disease processes where local cholinergic signaling modulates immune, cardiovascular, and other systemic responses.

Umene R, Inoue T · Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Immunotherapy and cancer biomarkers (including neoantigens/ICI response)

Head-to-head comparison of plasma biomarker assays across platforms for amyloid pathology in a multicenter cohort.

This multicenter cohort study in 431 Chinese participants with varying cognitive status evaluated 9 plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) assays (including 6 with amyloid-β42 measurements) against amyloid PET positivity. Across platforms, assay performance for detecting amyloid PET positivity varied, with differences in concordance/accuracy depending on the specific p-tau217 (and Aβ42) assay format. These head-to-head data support selecting and standardizing plasma p-tau217 testing for anti-amyloid treatment decisions and Alzheimer disease biomarker trials.

Lv X, Shen K, Zhao Q et al. · Science bulletin · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Vaccination and Safe Living Strategies for Solid Organ Transplant Candidates and Recipients: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice.

These American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice guidelines review vaccination and safe living strategies for solid organ transplant candidates and recipients, including timing around transplant and travel-related vaccination. The key recommendation is to review and update vaccination status pre-transplant and to consider optimal post-transplant timing, while noting that live-attenuated vaccines may be given to select post-transplant pediatric and young adult patients. Clinically, the guideline standardizes infection-prevention practices to reduce vaccine-preventable disease risk in immunosuppressed transplant populations.

Kumar D, Avery R, Danziger-Isakov L et al. · American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Machine Learning-Guided Personalized Immunochemotherapy Strategies in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

This multi-center study in patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) compared immunochemotherapy (IO-chemo) versus chemotherapy alone (chemo) and used target trial emulation plus causal machine learning to estimate individualized treatment effects (ITE). The key finding is that a machine learning–guided framework can identify which patients are most likely to benefit from adding immunotherapy to chemotherapy, rather than assuming uniform benefit. This supports more personalized peri-treatment selection of IO-chemo in iCCA to improve outcomes while avoiding unnecessary toxicity.

Mei JH, Zhang K, Zhang Y et al. · JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A Bayesian reanalysis of the THOR trial cohort 1 using reconstructed individual patient data: interval-specific effects and clinically interpretable estimands under non-proportional hazards.

This Bayesian reanalysis reconstructed individual patient data (rIPD) from published Kaplan–Meier curves for THOR trial cohort 1 to evaluate interval-specific effects of erdafitinib versus chemotherapy under non-proportional hazards in FGFR2/3-altered advanced urothelial carcinoma after prior PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy. The key finding is that Bayesian piecewise-exponential modeling yields clinically interpretable, time-varying (interval-specific) effects rather than relying on a single hazard ratio when proportional hazards assumptions fail. This improves interpretability of erdafitinib’s survival benefit across time intervals for post–checkpoint inhibitor treatment settings.

Okumura G, Yoshida S, Hirose K et al. · Japanese journal of clinical oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Neoantigen in cancer immunotherapy: mechanism, therapeutic strategies and future perspectives.

This narrative review summarizes the mechanisms generating neoantigens (from SNVs, INDELs, structural variants, alternative splicing, post-translational modifications, and viral oncoproteins) and how they are leveraged in personalized cancer immunotherapy strategies. It reports that neoantigen-based approaches—including personalized vaccines, adoptive T-cell therapies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors—have shown substantial promise, particularly in tumors with high mutational burdens such as melanoma and lung cancers. The review’s significance is to frame future therapeutic strategies for selecting and targeting neoantigens to improve specificity and immunogenicity in precision oncology.

Raj A, Khan Z, Mumtaz et al. · Immunotherapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Patterns of first-line treatment selection in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a real-world analysis from the Meet-URO 33-REGAL study.

This real-world analysis of the Meet-URO 33-REGAL study examined baseline clinical features associated with first-line (1L) treatment selection in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The study compared how patients were allocated among 1L regimens including dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI–ICI) and ICI plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations, using prospective/retrospective enrollment since January 2021. Identifying patterns of 1L selection may help interpret real-world practice and highlight unmet needs for validated biomarkers guiding regimen choice in mRCC.

Bimbatti D, Nasso C, Aspden D et al. · Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Berberine induces PD-L1 degradation via the autophagy-lysosome pathway through the PI3K-Akt pathway and enhances immunogenic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer.

This study tested whether berberine (BBR) modulates immune checkpoint signaling in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) by promoting PD-L1 degradation. In TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) and mouse models (Balb/c-nu and Balb/c), BBR reduced PD-L1 protein in a time- and dose-dependent manner, blocked IFN-γ–induced PD-L1 upregulation, and mechanistically drove PD-L1 degradation through the autophagy–lysosome pathway via PI3K–Akt signaling. By lowering PD-L1 and enhancing immunogenic cell death, BBR may potentiate anti-tumor immunity in TNBC through a defined PI3K–Akt/autophagy axis.

Wei Y, Huang Q, Wei X et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

CD161 serves as a prognostic biomarker and predicts immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

This bioinformatics study analyzed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) transcriptomic data from TCGA and four GEO cohorts to test whether CD161 expression predicts prognosis and immunotherapy response. Higher CD161 was associated with prognostic differences and correlated with immune infiltration and immune functional features relevant to response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). If validated clinically, CD161 could serve as a practical biomarker to stratify HNSCC patients for immunotherapy.

Mei S, Qian X, Chen H et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Metastasis of triple negative breast cancer is regulated by a targetable miR-342-E2F network.

This EMBO Molecular Medicine study identified a targetable miR-342–E2F regulatory network that controls metastatic outgrowth in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It found that miR-342 acts as a suppressor of TNBC metastasis, and that temporal re-expression of miR-342 inhibited metastatic progression in immunocompetent and xenograft TNBC models by limiting outgrowth of disseminated tumor cells. The work provides a mechanistic, potentially druggable miRNA–transcription factor axis for developing therapies to prevent or treat TNBC metastasis.

Arnet VK, Johnstone CN, Redvers RP et al. · EMBO molecular medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Autoimmune/inflammatory disease biomarkers and pharmacokinetics

The private truncating Toll-like receptor 7 p.Glu834* variant associates with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and pathological cytokine expression in vitro.

The study identified genetic and functional effects of a private truncating Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) variant, p.Glu834* (heterozygous), in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE). Targeted new-generation sequencing in 319 UK jSLE patients found the variant in a female patient with multisystem disease, and in vitro functional studies showed pathological cytokine expression consistent with TLR7-driven type I interferon biology. This is significant because it strengthens the causal role of rare TLR7 variants in Mendelian-like jSLE and provides a functional basis for cytokine dysregulation.

Renaudineau Y, Hawkes J, Mizgalska K et al. · Annals of the rheumatic diseases · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

“IL-40: A novel immunoregulatory axis at the crossroads of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cancer immunity”.

This review article summarized the immunoregulatory roles of interleukin-40 (IL-40), encoded by the C17orf99 gene, across inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cancer immunity. It reports that IL-40 is a B cell-associated cytokine linking innate and adaptive immune responses and that IL-40 levels are elevated in multiple autoimmune diseases where they track disease activity and outcomes. Scientifically, it frames IL-40 as a candidate mechanistic axis and potential biomarker/target at the interface of immune regulation and tumor immunity.

Ahmadi P, Mozaffari-Jovin S, Faraj TA et al. · Immunologic research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Pharmacokinetics of IL-23p19 Inhibitors: A Systematic Review Across Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases.

This systematic review evaluated pharmacokinetics (PK) of IL-23p19 inhibitors across immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, including healthy subjects and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other IMIDs. By pooling published PK studies and assessing variability and study quality, the authors synthesized population PK parameters and highlighted sources of PK variability that may contribute to inadequate response. The review is significant for optimizing dosing and understanding inter-patient differences in IL-23p19 inhibitor exposure in clinical practice.

Pool IA, de Groot ADE, Keizer RJ et al. · Clinical pharmacokinetics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Sex Hormones in Psoriatic Disease: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review summarized evidence on how sex hormones influence psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), focusing on clinical associations and immunomodulatory mechanisms. It synthesized data on endocrine transitions such as pregnancy and menopause and reviewed roles of estrogens, progesterone, and androgens in disease activity and immune regulation. The findings are important for understanding sex-related differences in psoriatic disease and for informing future hormone-targeted or personalized approaches.

Cai Y, Xiao H, Zhou Y et al. · American journal of clinical dermatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Lytic Epstein-Barr virus infection and emerging autoantibodies precede multiple sclerosis prodrome.

Using a Swedish nested case-control design linking MS registries with biobanks, this study examined longitudinal EBV antibody responses (viral capsid antigen [VCA], EBV nuclear antigen 1 [EBNA1], and early antigen) from early childhood through the MS prodrome in individuals who later developed multiple sclerosis versus matched controls. Lytic EBV infection–associated antibody patterns and emerging autoantibodies were detected before the clinical onset of MS, preceding the prodromal phase. These results strengthen the causal-risk framework for EBV in MS and suggest that EBV-driven immune changes and autoantibody emergence could serve as early biomarkers for impending disease.

Grut V, Ingvarsson J, Biström M et al. · Brain : a journal of neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 as novel biomarkers for predicting vedolizumab response in patients with ulcerative colitis.

This multicenter observational study evaluated serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), along with cytokines and intestinal tissue differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as biomarkers to predict response to vedolizumab in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. Patients received intravenous vedolizumab 300 mg at Weeks 0, 2, 6, then every 8 weeks through Week 54, and biomarker levels were compared between those achieving clinical remission (full Mayo ≤2) or mucosal healing versus non-responders. If validated, LRG and MCP-1 could provide minimally invasive tools to stratify vedolizumab responders and non-responders in UC.

Yoshihara T, Shinzaki S, Naka T et al. · Crohn’s & colitis 360 · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Identifying predictors of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease: A two-decade analysis of clinical and radiologic characteristics.

This retrospective two-decade analysis aimed to identify predictors of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) in a Jordanian cohort of 129 adults with systemic sclerosis, using clinical variables and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings. ILD presence and radiologic patterns on HRCT were used to determine clinical predictors of ILD development/progression in this Middle Eastern population. The study provides region-specific risk stratification information that can guide earlier monitoring and management of SSc patients at higher ILD risk.

Alnaimat F, Al-Halaseh S, Ismail O et al. · Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Impact of SAA versus CRP in evaluation of acute-phase response in familial Mediterranean fever: A prospective study.

This prospective study compared serum amyloid A (SAA) versus C-reactive protein (CRP) for sensitivity and prognostic value during familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) attacks and attack-free periods in 42 FMF patients, with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), acute appendicitis, and sepsis cohorts as controls. SAA and CRP were measured at two time points (during attack/pre-op and after subsidence/post-op), and the study assessed which marker better tracked acute-phase inflammation and follow-up in serial sepsis samples. The findings support selecting the more informative acute-phase biomarker for monitoring FMF inflammatory activity and potentially improving risk stratification during and after attacks.

Selvi O, Egeli BH, Parlar K et al. · Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Safety of ozanimod and etrasimod in ulcerative colitis: A disproportionality analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database.

This FDA Adverse Event Reporting System disproportionality analysis evaluated real-world safety signals for the ulcerative colitis sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators ozanimod and etrasimod in post-marketing adverse event reports. Using reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, and Bayesian confidence propagation neural network algorithms, the study identified drug-related adverse event signals from 1632 ozanimod reports and 283 etrasimod reports. The results help clinicians and regulators prioritize monitoring and further investigation of specific adverse events associated with these UC therapies.

Chen L, Wan D, Xing B et al. · Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Investigating the role of serum IL-6 in predicting outcomes of b-cell depleting therapy in multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study.

This retrospective single-center cohort study assessed whether baseline and longitudinal serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) predicts clinical and radiological outcomes in multiple sclerosis patients treated with the B-cell depleting therapy ocrelizumab (OCR). The key finding was that serum IL-6 dynamics were evaluated as prognostic markers for OCR-treated disease activity and longer-term outcomes. If validated, IL-6 could serve as a biomarker to stratify MS patients likely to respond to CD20+ B-cell depletion and to anticipate treatment outcomes.

Kölsche T, Hagler R, Huntemann N et al. · BMC neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Endocrine/metabolic disease and cardiometabolic risk (incl. obesity/diabetes)

Divergent complication patterns of type 2 diabetes in African individuals who are lean versus overweight or obese: a multi-cohort analysis.

Using harmonized individual-level data from two African cohorts (Africa America Diabetes Mellitus study and Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants), this analysis compared complication patterns in African adults with type 2 diabetes who were lean (BMI <25 kg/m2) versus overweight/obese. Lean individuals showed a distinct complication profile consistent with a phenotype driven more by impaired insulin secretion than insulin resistance. This supports more tailored risk stratification and potentially different therapeutic approaches for lean versus non-lean type 2 diabetes in African populations.

Esmail S, Hayfron-Benjamin C, Darko SN et al. · Diabetologia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Obesity at antiretroviral therapy initiation and long-term risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, or death in people with HIV in Italy: a prospective cohort study.

This prospective cohort study in people with HIV in Italy (Icona Foundation; ART-naïve adults starting ART across 96 sites) examined whether obesity at antiretroviral therapy initiation predicts long-term risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, or death. Participants were followed after ART initiation to relate baseline BMI-defined obesity categories to subsequent clinical events. The results can inform risk management and weight-related prevention strategies for long-term outcomes in people with HIV.

Mussini C, Giacomelli A, Lapadula G et al. · EClinicalMedicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

SGLT2 inhibitors versus GLP-1 receptor agonists and risk of kidney replacement therapy and healthcare utilization in bipolar disorder with chronic kidney disease: An active-comparator, new-user cohort study.

This active-comparator, new-user cohort study used electronic health record data to compare sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) versus glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for kidney replacement therapy (KRT) and healthcare utilization in adults with bipolar disorder and chronic kidney disease (CKD stage ≤3). Initiating SGLT2is versus GLP-1 RAs was evaluated for differences in KRT risk and inpatient/ED utilization, addressing a gap because bipolar patients are underrepresented in cardiorenal trials. The findings are intended to guide comparative renoprotective medication choice for a high-risk psychiatric comorbidity population.

Singh B, Yaylaci F, Ali HM et al. · Journal of affective disorders · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Risk of protein intake deficiency during treatment with GLP-1 and GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists: considerations for secondary sarcopenia.

This article reviewed the risk of protein intake deficiency during treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists, with attention to secondary sarcopenia risk. It argues that appetite-suppressing weight loss can reduce absolute protein intake in older adults, potentially worsening muscle mass and function. Clinically, it supports monitoring dietary protein and muscle health when prescribing incretin-based therapies to at-risk patients.

Prokopidis K, Cacciatore S, Anton SD et al. · Advances in therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Is Body Roundness Index a Predictor of Cancer Incidence and Mortality? A Prospective Cohort Study.

This prospective cohort study in UK Biobank participants used Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines, and predictive metrics (C-index and NRI) to evaluate whether Body Roundness Index (BRI) predicts incidence and mortality for 23 site-specific cancers compared with Body Mass Index (BMI). Higher BRI was associated with increased risk of several cancers and cancer-related mortality over a median 13.7-year follow-up, with nonlinear dose–response relationships. Scientifically and clinically, the results support BRI as a potentially more informative adiposity measure than BMI for cancer risk stratification and prognosis.

Liu Y, Zhao X, Shen S et al. · International journal of cancer · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Attitudes Toward Injectable GLP-1 Drugs for Obesity Treatment: A Qualitative Interview Study With Healthcare Professionals.

This qualitative interview study explored healthcare professionals’ attitudes toward future prescribing of injectable GLP-1 drugs for obesity, specifically semaglutide (Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro) in the UK. Interviews with 11 clinicians working in a specialist Tier 3 weight management service that was not yet prescribing injectables identified themes about anticipated implementation and prescribing considerations. Understanding clinician perspectives can inform service design and adoption of injectable GLP-1 therapies for obesity.

Capaian RC, Lally P, Sanderson SC · Obesity science & practice · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Non-lean versus lean MASLD: associations with advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a cross-sectional study.

This cross-sectional study evaluated how lean versus non-lean phenotypes of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), defined using a BMI cutoff of 23 kg/m², relate to advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome stage in 705 hospitalized adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Non-lean MASLD was associated with higher odds of more severe concurrent CKM staging after multivariate logistic regression adjustment. These findings suggest that body-fat phenotype (lean vs non-lean) may help stratify cardiometabolic risk in T2DM patients with MASLD for earlier CKM-focused prevention.

Wang JW, Jiang L, Gao LL et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Comparative effectiveness of pioglitazone and sitagliptin added to metformin and sulfonylurea in patients with type 2 diabetes: An emulated target trial.

This emulated target trial compared pioglitazone versus sitagliptin as add-on therapy to metformin and sulfonylurea in 68,372 South Korean patients with type 2 diabetes from 2001–2024. After 1:1 propensity score matching, the study evaluated differences in glycemic control and clinical outcomes between the two add-on strategies. The results inform comparative effectiveness of commonly used second-line add-ons in real-world T2DM treatment beyond randomized trial evidence.

Kim TH, Hwang Y, Woo S et al. · Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Multi-organ proteomic atlas of obesity regression in male mice.

This Nature Metabolism study generated a multi-organ proteomic atlas of diet-induced obesity and obesity regression in male mice, quantifying 12,936 proteins across 15 organs at four time points using a standardized semi-automated sample preparation workflow. The key finding was that proteomic recovery after weight loss was highly tissue-dependent, with most tissues reverting toward lean levels while white adipose tissue retained inflammatory/phagocytic signatures and several other organs showed persistent changes. This system-wide proteomic map clarifies which tissues fail to fully normalize after weight loss, informing targets for improving metabolic recovery.

Boel F, Klinggaard EG, Akimov V et al. · Nature metabolism · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗

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Musculoskeletal, bone, and rehabilitation interventions

Identification of a novel small-molecule modulator targeting SNX10 to inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption.

This preclinical study investigated a novel small-molecule modulator targeting sorting nexin 10 (SNX10), an autosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO)-associated gene, to inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. The compound was designed to suppress SNX10-dependent osteoclast resorptive function while aiming to preserve osteoclast–osteoblast coupling. If validated, SNX10-directed pharmacology could provide a more selective antiresorptive strategy than current therapies that broadly eliminate osteoclasts.

Li Y, Wu Q, Qin S et al. · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Myofascial Trigger Point-Augmented Acupuncture vs Conventional Acupuncture for Early- to Mid-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

In a single-center assessor-blinded randomized clinical trial of 106 adults with early- to mid-stage knee osteoarthritis (Kellgren–Lawrence grade II–III), conventional acupuncture was compared with conventional acupuncture plus myofascial trigger point (MTrP)-targeted dry needling. The intervention tested whether adding individualized MTrP insertions improves week-2 composite responder rates based on visual analog scale (VAS) pain and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function. If effective, MTrP-augmented acupuncture could offer a more targeted nonpharmacologic option for short-term symptom and function improvement in KOA.

Zhang L, Xu J, Jiang L et al. · Journal of pain research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy and skeletal muscle: A narrative review synthesizing adult evidence with implications for older adults.

This narrative review synthesized human evidence on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and their effects on skeletal muscle mass, strength, composition, and performance, with emphasis on older adults at risk for sarcopenia and frailty. Across available adult studies, GLP-1 RA therapy is discussed in relation to potential lean mass loss and the need to clarify whether muscle outcomes worsen or can be mitigated in older populations. Clinically, the review highlights an evidence gap in older adults and the importance of monitoring muscle-related endpoints when prescribing GLP-1 RAs for diabetes or weight management.

Jagasia K, Pfeiffer AM, Vitale K · JAR life · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Phototriggered adhesive hydrogels integrating Mg/Quercetin MOFs for synchronous regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis in diabetic wounds.

The study developed a phototriggered adhesive hydrogel (GelNB/HAMA) integrating magnesium ions and quercetin-based metal-organic framework nanoparticles (MgQu@GelNB/HAMA) for diabetic wound healing. In vitro results (and the described design rationale) support synchronous regulation of inflammation and angiogenesis, addressing hyperglycemia/oxidative stress–driven impairment of healing. This suggests a multifunctional, light-activated biomaterial platform that could improve diabetic wound repair by coordinating vascular regeneration and inflammatory control.

Yang Y, Tang B, Zhou M et al. · Materials today. Bio · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Osteosarcopenia Revisited: From Mechanisms to Management.

This review article synthesizes evidence from human genome-wide association studies and animal models to explain mechanisms and management of osteosarcopenia, the co-occurrence of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in older persons. It highlights converging pathways involving mitochondria, nutrient anabolism, osteokines/myokines, and hallmarks-of-aging biology as key drivers of bone–muscle loss and dysfunction. Clinically, the work supports mechanism-informed strategies for prevention and treatment of osteosarcopenia by targeting shared aging-related and inter-tissue signaling pathways.

Sasako T, Borda MG, Sim M et al. · Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Effects of Scapulothoracic Physical Therapy on Shoulder Function in Adhesive Capsulitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether scapulothoracic physical therapy provides an additive benefit over conventional therapy for adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) in terms of pain, shoulder range of motion (ROM), and disability. Across included randomized studies, scapulothoracic-targeted interventions showed measurable improvements in shoulder function outcomes compared with conventional physical therapy alone. The findings support incorporating scapulothoracic-focused techniques into conservative management plans for adhesive capsulitis to enhance symptom and mobility recovery.

Rao R, Kanase S · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Biomarkers in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

This review summarizes current evidence on biomarkers for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), focusing on muscle imaging, circulating molecules, and muscle-based markers. It highlights which biomarker classes are most promising for monitoring disease activity and evaluating therapeutic response, while noting limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and clinical translation. The synthesis helps prioritize biomarker development needed for effective clinical trials and routine monitoring in FSHD.

Salort-Campana E, Bendahan D, Magdinier F et al. · Current opinion in neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 - updates on mechanisms of multisystemic manifestations, genetically targeted therapeutics, and preparing for a postapproval world.

This review updates mechanisms and multisystemic manifestations of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), with emphasis on genetically targeted therapeutics and preparation for postapproval natural history and outcome evaluation. It reports evidence of early-phase improvements in strength and myotonia with genetically targeted approaches and discusses ongoing needs for robust clinical endpoints across muscle and nonmuscle tissues. These updates support the design of future trials and real-world evidence generation to measure therapeutic benefit in DM1.

Carrell S, Comer AD, Johnson NE · Current opinion in neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Piezo1 Activation Rescues Anabolic Response to Mechanical Loading in Aged Bone via Connexin 43 Hemichannels.

This study examined whether activating the mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 can restore the anabolic response of aged bone to mechanical loading in 19-month-old male mice, using the Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 on osteocytes and axial cyclic compressive loading of tibiae. Yoda1-mediated Piezo1 activation rescued the blunted anabolic response of aged cortical bone to mechanical loading. These findings implicate osteocytic Piezo1 and its downstream connexin 43 hemichannel signaling as a potential therapeutic target to counter age-related loss of bone mechanotransduction.

Zhao D, Fu J, Liu H et al. · Aging cell · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cardiovascular/vascular interventions and perioperative care

Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine-Based Multimodal General Anesthesia with Electroencephalographic Spectrogram-Guided Titration Improves Early Recovery After Lumbar Spine Fusion in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

In a randomized controlled trial of older adults (≥60 years) undergoing elective lumbar spine fusion, patients received either dexmedetomidine–ketamine-based multimodal general anesthesia with electroencephalographic spectrogram-guided titration or conventional balanced anesthesia. The spectrogram-guided multimodal approach improved early postoperative recovery outcomes compared with conventional anesthesia. This suggests an anesthesia strategy that may reduce recovery impairment and persistent pain risk in older spine surgery patients.

Tsuang FY, Shih PY, Lin CP et al. · Drug design, development and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Pulmonary Vein Isolation (PVI) Versus PVI With Posterior Wall Isolation With PFA for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

This consecutive-case clinical study compared pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone versus PVI plus posterior wall isolation (PWI) using pulsed field ablation (PFA) in patients undergoing first-time ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Procedural metrics (e.g., number of PFA applications, total procedure time) and major periprocedural complications were collected alongside clinical outcomes such as atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence. The study addresses whether adding posterior wall lesion sets with PFA improves outcomes beyond standard PVI, informing optimization of AF ablation strategies.

Junarta J, Wang A, Reynolds E et al. · Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Walking the tightrope: Mixed respiratory failure exacerbated by heart rate control and concurrent pneumonia in an elderly patient with new-onset atrial fibrillation: A case report.

This case report described an 86-year-old woman with new-onset atrial fibrillation, HFpEF, and concurrent pneumonia who developed mixed respiratory failure, highlighting how heart-rate control strategies can complicate management in frail elderly patients. The report emphasizes diagnostic and therapeutic challenges when AF rate control intersects with limited cardiac reserve and acute infection. Scientifically and clinically, it underscores the need for dynamic, individualized assessment of rate-control targets during concurrent cardiopulmonary illness.

Huang Y, Huang H, Yan H et al. · Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Respiratory disease and lung cancer risk/screening

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung cancer in a population with incidental pulmonary nodules in China: a prospective multicenter study of 10,560 cases.

This prospective multicenter epidemiologic study followed 10,560 Chinese participants with incidentally detected 5–30 mm pulmonary nodules on low-dose CT (LDCT)/CT to characterize lung cancer risk factors and screening targets. Participants were followed for 2–3 years with circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) biomarkers used to distinguish malignant from benign nodules, and risk factors were assessed using stepwise single- and multiple-factor logistic regression. The large real-world cohort and ctDNA-informed follow-up aim to improve lung cancer prediction and optimize which incidental nodule patients should be prioritized for screening.

Liang W, Zhou Y, Hu C et al. · Journal of the National Cancer Center · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Plasmodium Actin-Like Proteins 3 and 5a Are Required for Subsequent Steps of Mosquito Infection.

This study investigated the roles of Plasmodium berghei actin-like proteins Alp3 (Arp3) and Alp5a (Arp3) by generating knockout lines and characterizing their effects across multiple mosquito infection life-cycle stages. Loss of Alp3 and Alp5a/Arp3 impaired subsequent steps of mosquito infection, indicating these actin-related proteins are required for progression after early parasite establishment. The results identify specific apicomplexan actin-like machinery as a potential vulnerability for blocking malaria transmission.

Busse C, Kobayashi Y, Diers A et al. · Molecular microbiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Allergy and pediatric epidemiology

Clinical characteristics and epidemiology of pediatric cow’s milk protein allergy: a multicenter cohort study in urban China.

This multicenter cohort study characterized pediatric cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) in urban China by surveying infants diagnosed with CMPA across five regions and following them longitudinally to 3 years. The study aimed to define clinical characteristics and epidemiology and to describe the natural history trajectory in this population. These data address a gap in non-Western CMPA epidemiology and can inform prognosis and management strategies in rapidly urbanizing settings.

Yang M, Wang Y, Hu DD et al. · World journal of pediatrics : WJP · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Neurology: epilepsy genetics and clinical stratification

Efficacy and safety of fenfluramine in Dravet syndrome: The impact of patient clinical characteristics.

This post hoc pooled analysis assessed efficacy and safety of fenfluramine in children and adolescents with Dravet syndrome (DS), stratifying by age, number of prior antiseizure medications (ASMs), and SCN1A pathogenic variant status. Fenfluramine’s seizure-reduction and tolerability outcomes were evaluated across these clinical and genetic subgroups compared with pooled placebo, using endpoints such as change in monthly convulsive seizure frequency (MCSF) and longest convulsive seizure-free interval. The results help refine how patient characteristics—including SCN1A status—may influence fenfluramine benefit-risk in DS.

Nabbout R, Sullivan J, Auvin S et al. · Epilepsia open · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Correlation of polygenic risk score and clinical phenotype in patients with genetic generalized epilepsy.

This study tested whether polygenic risk score (PRS) for genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) correlates with clinical phenotype in GGE patients. Using Epi25 data, the authors compared high-PRS (n=59) versus low-PRS (n=48) individuals and validated findings in a larger cohort (n=1175), showing that GGE phenotype differs by PRS level. Clinically, this supports PRS as a tool for risk stratification and potentially for tailoring prognosis and management in GGE.

von Brauchitsch S, Hartung N, Karge RA et al. · Epilepsia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Renal disease therapeutics and fibrosis mechanisms

Efficacy and safety of sibeprenlimab in IgA nephropathy: interim analysis of the China cohort in the phase 3 VISIONARY trial.

This interim analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of sibeprenlimab (400 mg subcutaneous) in patients with IgA nephropathy enrolled from mainland China in the phase 3 VISIONARY trial. In 102 randomized patients, sibeprenlimab produced a placebo-adjusted 51.2% reduction in 24-hour urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (uPCR-24h) at 9 months. The findings support sibeprenlimab’s therapeutic benefit and inform ongoing risk–benefit assessment in an East Asian (China) cohort.

Zhang H, Liew A, Wong MG et al. · Clinical kidney journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Haemodynamic control of zonated liver function via instructive vascular Wnt signalling.

The study investigated how haemodynamic stress controls liver metabolic zonation by regulating angiocrine Wnt signaling from liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial approaches (as described), the authors identified blood flow-induced haemodynamic stress as a biophysical sensor that governs the angiocrine expression profile of LSEC in the liver zonation paradigm. This mechanistically links vascular mechanics to instructive endothelial signaling, advancing understanding of how organ function is spatially patterned.

Lee KH, Jakab M, Uvarovskii A et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Integrated single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses identify a unique subset of pro-fibrotic macrophage in kidney fibrosis.

This preclinical study used single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics on mouse kidney tissue after unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI) to identify macrophage subsets involved in kidney fibrosis progression from acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). It reports a unique pro-fibrotic macrophage subset whose spatial and molecular signatures associate with fibrotic remodeling across post-UIRI time points. Scientifically, it provides a cellular target and mechanistic map for macrophage-driven fibrosis that could be leveraged for future anti-fibrotic interventions.

Xiao L, Long Y, Hong X et al. · Journal of advanced research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice.

The study compared the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1–based drugs—semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide—in non-diabetic renal fibrosis using HK-2 cells plus a murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and an aged mouse model. In UUO, semaglutide’s effects were linked to PI3K–AKT inhibition, tirzepatide combined PI3K–AKT inhibition with PPAR pathway activation, and retatrutide inhibited both PI3K–AKT and NF-κB pathways. These model- and drug-specific pathway signatures support differential mechanisms by which GLP-1 receptor agonists may reduce renal fibrosis beyond diabetes.

Ding M, Li X, Wei Y et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Women’s health and placental development

Cell cycle regulators contribute to extravillous trophoblast cell differentiation and function.

This mechanistic study investigated how cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C) regulates extravillous trophoblast (EVT) differentiation and function, focusing on cell cycle regulators in trophoblast development. CDKN1C, together with CDK7 and cyclin E1 (CCNE1), was shown to promote trophoblast stem (TS) cell differentiation toward the invasive EVT lineage, contributing to a healthy placenta. The findings clarify how cell cycle control shapes placental invasion and may inform strategies to understand or treat disorders of placental development.

Scott RL, Moreno-Irusta A, Varberg KM et al. · Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Dermatology (psoriasis/atopic dermatitis/AD-related therapies)

Dupilumab-Induced Vitiligo Managed Effectively With Nemolizumab and Targeted Topical Therapy.

This case report studied a 57-year-old woman with atopic dermatitis who developed dupilumab-induced vitiligo after treatment with dupilumab (an IL-4/IL-13 pathway monoclonal antibody). The patient’s vitiligo was managed effectively by switching to nemolizumab (an IL-31 receptor pathway monoclonal antibody) and using targeted topical therapy. The report is significant because it documents a practical alternative strategy for a rare immune-mediated adverse event associated with IL-4/IL-13 blockade.

Colon J, Falabella A · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

NAT10 aggravates psoriasis by promoting keratinocytes fatty acid synthesis via stable FASN transcription.

The study investigated how N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) contributes to psoriasis by promoting keratinocyte fatty acid synthesis through stable FASN transcription, using human psoriasis samples and an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model. NAT10 was elevated in psoriasis epidermis and in hyperproliferative/basal keratinocyte subsets by single-cell RNA sequencing, and keratinocyte-specific NAT10 deletion attenuated IMQ-induced psoriatic phenotypes; mechanistically, integrative RNA-seq and N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) immunoprecipitation sequencing identified fatty acid synthase (FASN) as a direct downstream target. These findings position the NAT10–FASN axis (via ac4C RNA modification) as a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis.

Tang W, Shen J, Liu J et al. · Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Oral health effects of nicotine pouches in snus users: clinical and immunological findings.

This open-label randomized longitudinal study evaluated the oral health effects of two non-tobacco nicotine pouches (ZYN Dry vs ZYN Moist) in 45 daily snus users over 28 days, assessing snus-induced lesion (SIL) severity, salivary cytokines, epithelial thickness, and inflammatory cell presence at baseline, day 14, and day 28. Both pouch formulations produced measurable changes in oral mucosa consistent with SIL-type inflammatory responses, with differences in immunologic and epithelial readouts between the dry and moist products. These findings suggest that even non-tobacco nicotine pouches can modulate oral mucosal inflammation and epithelial structure in snus users, informing risk assessment and product-specific harm-reduction guidance.

Alizadehgharib S, Östberg AK, Lehrkinder A et al. · Clinical oral investigations · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

EP262, an MRGPRX2 Antagonist for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Results From the Phase 2 Randomized EASE Study.

In the Phase 2 randomized EASE study, adults with atopic dermatitis (AD) were randomized to receive the small-molecule MRGPRX2 antagonist EP262 (150 mg once daily) or placebo for 6 weeks to assess safety, tolerability, and pharmacodynamics. The study tested whether blocking MRGPRX2—whose levels are elevated in AD—would reduce disease-relevant biological activity while maintaining acceptable tolerability. These results inform the therapeutic potential of targeting the MRGPRX2 pathway in AD and guide dose/endpoint selection for later trials.

Dehn S, Cooper D, Weyer C et al. · Dermatology and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Ophthalmology and retinal injury mechanisms

Spatial multi-omics unveils sphingolipid metabolic reprogramming within the retinal pathological niche.

The study used spatial multi-omics to map retinal metabolic reprogramming in a retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) mouse model, integrating Stereo-seq transcriptomics with MALDI-MSI metabolomics across the whole eye. After injury, interactions between retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and surrounding cells decreased while immune–glial interactions increased, shifting the tissue toward an immunometabolic state, including sphingolipid pathway changes within the ganglion cell region. This spatially resolved atlas links early RIR pathology to specific metabolic remodeling, offering targets for glaucoma and other retinal diseases.

Shi Y, Lin J, Wu Y et al. · iMeta · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Veterinary oncology and comparative medicine

Clinical Behaviour and Outcome of Pelvic Osteosarcoma in Dogs: A Retrospective Multicentre Analysis of 74 Cases (2007-2025).

This retrospective multicentre analysis evaluated clinical behavior and outcomes of pelvic osteosarcoma in 74 dogs diagnosed between 2007 and 2025, using Kaplan–Meier survival estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models for prognostic factors. The study identified factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and characterized typical disease course in this rare anatomic site. These veterinary data can inform prognosis counseling and help refine future treatment strategies for canine pelvic osteosarcoma.

Fejös C, Czichon F, Griffin M et al. · Veterinary and comparative oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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General clinical methods, trial design, and evidence synthesis

Chemoradiotherapy versus short-course radiotherapy for response-adapted organ preservation in early-stage and intermediate-stage rectal cancer (STAR-TREC): 12-month results of an international, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, randomised, phase 2/3 trial.

In the international, multicenter, open-label randomized phase 2/3 STAR-TREC trial, adults with early- or intermediate-stage rectal cancer were assigned to long-course chemoradiotherapy (LCCRT) versus short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) to improve organ preservation. The study tested whether SCRT or LCCRT could increase rates of organ preservation and reduce surgery, toxicity, and quality-of-life harms without compromising oncologic outcomes. The 12-month results inform optimal radiotherapy strategy for response-adapted management of rectal cancer.

Bach SP, Sebag-Montefiore D, Homer V et al. · The Lancet. Oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Long-term impact of acute pancreatitis on patients’ quality of life: a multi-center prospective study in Japan.

This Japanese multicenter prospective cohort followed adults hospitalized with acute pancreatitis (≥18 years) at 20 hospitals and assessed health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months. The study characterized longitudinal HRQoL trajectories and identified factors associated with incomplete recovery of social participation after acute pancreatitis. These findings clarify the longer-term patient-centered burden of acute pancreatitis and can guide follow-up and rehabilitation planning.

Ueno M, Tsuji Y, Eguchi T et al. · Journal of gastroenterology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Micronutrient Networks in Nutritional Anemia: A Narrative Review Beyond Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Iron Deficiency.

This narrative review examined nutritional anemia as a network of micronutrient deficiencies beyond isolated iron deficiency, focusing on populations affected globally (including women, children, and people in low- and middle-income countries). It summarizes evidence that deficiencies in folate, vitamin B12, vitamin A, zinc, copper, selenium, and antioxidant vitamins interact to impair erythropoiesis, iron homeostasis, DNA synthesis, oxidative balance, and red blood cell survival. Scientifically and clinically, it argues for broader diagnostic and management approaches that consider multi-micronutrient patterns rather than iron alone.

Chougule S, T M, Mohite A et al. · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Gadd45a knockout alleviates cisplatin-induced hearing loss by inhibiting CXCL family protein expression.

This study used CRISPR-Cas9 screening to identify regulators of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and then tested the role of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible alpha (GADD45A) in cochlear inflammation and hearing loss. Gadd45a knockout alleviated cisplatin-induced hearing loss by inhibiting CXCL family protein expression, linking GADD45A to inflammatory chemokine signaling in the cochlea. The results are clinically relevant because they suggest a potential molecular target to reduce cisplatin ototoxicity without altering its anticancer use.

Wang WL, Zou SY, Wang DQ et al. · Military Medical Research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Effects of morning versus evening exercise on sleep: a systematic review of comparative studies with a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials compared morning versus evening/nighttime exercise effects on sleep outcomes, synthesizing evidence from 16 RCTs (with additional non-RCT evidence considered in the broader review). At the group level, the evidence did not show a clear overall advantage of morning over evening/nighttime exercise for most sleep outcomes, though evening/nighttime exercise was associated with higher wake after sleep onset (WASO). Clinically, it suggests that exercise timing may be less important than adherence for many sleep outcomes, with potential timing-specific effects on WASO.

Souabni M, Del Sordo GC, Saurel M et al. · Sleep medicine reviews · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A phase-specific benefit-toxicity framework for perioperative trials in muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A focused review andtrial-level mapping analysis.

This focused review and trial-level mapping analysis examined how to evaluate perioperative trials in muscle-invasive bladder cancer using a phase-specific benefit-toxicity framework across neoadjuvant, surgical, and adjuvant phases. It finds that efficacy endpoints alone may be insufficient because each phase contributes different burdens (e.g., neoadjuvant discontinuation and delays/failure to undergo radical cystectomy), which can alter net clinical benefit. The framework is significant for designing and interpreting modern perioperative regimens incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates.

Shinohara M, Narita T, Hamaya T et al. · Urologic oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials for the Treatment of Long COVID Syndrome.

This systematic review assessed randomized clinical trials for long COVID syndrome by searching MEDLINE (1965 to August 2024) and including 43 RCTs with 2878 participants, evaluating efficacy and safety with GRADE certainty. Most interventions showed low certainty of effect estimates, with only one study not meeting low-certainty criteria, and multiple categories of treatments were represented (including nutraceuticals and respiratory muscle training). The review underscores that evidence for long COVID treatments remains uncertain and supports the need for higher-quality RCTs with robust primary outcomes and improved certainty of benefit.

Tamariz L, Rodriguez D, Bast E et al. · Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Prior COVID-19 infection and fibromyalgia criteria fulfillment: a comparative cross-sectional study.

This comparative cross-sectional study assessed whether prior PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection (≥3 months before assessment) was associated with higher prevalence of fibromyalgia and identified demographic/clinical correlates. Among 250 participants, the analysis compared fibromyalgia criteria fulfillment between those with prior COVID-19 and evaluated associated factors within the study population. Clarifying the link between COVID-19 and fibromyalgia can inform risk stratification and long-term symptom management after infection.

Alhayali M, Salman S, Shahrori MA et al. · Frontiers in medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

The Effect of Aromatherapy on Fatigue and Sleep Quality in Intensive Care Nurses: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial.

In a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind trial in intensive care nurses in Türkiye, the study tested whether aromatherapy with a chamomile-lavender essential oil blend or vetiver oil improves fatigue and sleep quality compared with placebo. The intervention arms showed effects on fatigue and/or sleep outcomes relative to placebo (with the trial designed to quantify changes using standardized measures). This supports the potential of specific essential-oil aromatherapy regimens as low-risk adjunct strategies to mitigate occupational fatigue and sleep disturbance in ICU staff.

Burkev FG, Taşci S, Çetinkaya A et al. · Nursing in critical care · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Early Identification and Prognostic Stratification of Cancer Cachexia Using Explainable Machine Learning: A Multicentre Cohort Study.

This multicentre real-world cohort study used an explainable two-stage machine learning framework on INSCOC registry data to identify and prognostically stratify cancer cachexia in 10,796 hospitalized adults with cancer. The model enabled early cachexia identification using routinely available clinical data and improved prognostic stratification for outcomes compared with standard recognition approaches. Clinically, this could support earlier intervention and risk-adapted management for cachexia, a heterogeneous syndrome often missed before overt wasting.

Huang W, Pan K, Zhao M et al. · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Endoscopy on the Detection of Upper Gastrointestinal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed randomized controlled trials comparing AI-assisted real-time esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) versus conventional EGD for detecting upper gastrointestinal (UGI) neoplasms. AI-assisted EGD improved neoplasm detection rate and lesion detection metrics across included RCT evidence. The findings suggest that integrating AI into real-time endoscopy could enhance early detection of subtle UGI lesions and improve clinical screening/diagnostic performance.

Liu M, Ma M, Zhang D et al. · Digestive endoscopy : official journal of the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Pharmacotherapy for older adults with cancer: a digest of the Japanese clinical practice guidelines (second edition)-breast cancer.

This article digest summarized the Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pharmacotherapy in Older Adults with Cancer (Second Edition), focusing on perioperative systemic therapy for early breast cancer in older adults. It synthesized evidence-to-decision recommendations that account for heterogeneity in functional status and comorbidities, reflecting limited older-patient representation in trials. The guideline-focused synthesis supports safer, more individualized perioperative treatment planning for older breast cancer patients.

Takano Y, Shimomura A, Morita S et al. · International journal of clinical oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Generated automatically on August 24, 2026 from PubMed’s trending articles. Summaries are AI-generated; always consult the original publication for clinical or research decisions.