PubMed Trending Research Digest — October 05, 2026

Automated digest · 98 articles · 15 research areas · October 05, 2026

Overview

This week’s digest is dominated by two converging trends: (1) increasingly mechanism-driven immunology and (2) precision medicine powered by better biomarkers and better targeting. Multiple studies dissect how immune pathways shape disease and therapy response—ranging from FcRn recycling effects of Fc-free nanobodies in high-rheumatoid-factor RA, to IL-15–driven pathogenic CD8 T-cell subsets in RA joints, to lactate-driven CD112 lactylation that suppresses both CD8 T cells and NK cells in tumors. In parallel, cancer research leans hard on translational “readouts” such as EV protein signatures for checkpoint resistance, cfDNA fragmentomics for tumor stratification, and spatial niche mapping to explain why immune checkpoint blockade fails in organized tumor microenvironments.

A second major theme is neurobiology that links inflammation, cell death, and timing. Work spans from stress–feeding interactions relevant to binge-like eating (using C. elegans) to adult-onset neurodegeneration mechanisms in Drosophila (RAS/MAPK transcriptional control) and mechanistic neuroinflammation in synucleinopathies (NETs and NOX2 dependence, plus mTOR–STING modulation to restore lysosomal function in GBA1-PD). Several studies also emphasize “when” matters—early-life skin inflammation programming later atopic dermatitis, anesthesia timing to reduce postoperative delirium, and periconception counseling gaps as GLP-1RA use expands among people who may become pregnant.

Finally, the clinical pipeline shows a steady move toward comparative effectiveness and operational guidance: PSMA-PET–guided radiotherapy improves prostate cancer failure-free survival; CEUS vs CT-guided biopsy aims to reduce radiation burden for lung lesion diagnosis; and multiple reviews/consensus documents (e.g., IBD treat-to-target, pathology standards for gastric peritoneal staging, and dermatologic toxicity management in NF1) translate evidence into more consistent care. Together, these papers suggest a field that is not only finding new targets, but also improving how therapies are selected, monitored, and delivered.

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Antibody/biologic pharmacology & immunology (Fc, immune activation, biomarkers)

PSMA-PET/CT-guided Intensification of Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer (PSMAgRT): 5-yr Analysis of a Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trial.

This phase 2, two-center randomized controlled trial studied PSMA-PET/CT–guided radiotherapy intensification (PSMAgRT) versus standard-of-care (SOC) radiotherapy in patients with prostate cancer planned for RT across strata including salvage after radical prostatectomy, high-risk disease, oligometastatic disease, and salvage after prior RT. PSMAgRT improved failure-free survival (FFS) compared with SOC at 5-year follow-up. These findings support PSMA-PET/CT–driven treatment intensification as a clinically meaningful strategy to improve long-term disease control in prostate cancer.

Belliveau C, Saad F, Duplan D et al. · European urology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Infant dermatitis induces long-lasting innate immune imprinting associated with the exacerbated adult atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation.

This study used a mouse model to test whether infant dermatitis induced by topical MC903 (vitamin D analogue) causes long-lasting innate immune imprinting that worsens adult atopic dermatitis–like skin inflammation, with or without post-induction topical corticosteroids. Mice exposed to infant dermatitis developed exacerbated skin inflammation upon adult rechallenge with MC903, and corticosteroid treatment after induction altered the programmed inflammatory response. The results suggest early-life skin inflammation can epigenetically/innately program future allergic-type inflammation, informing prevention or early intervention strategies for persistent atopic dermatitis.

Sugiyama H, Tamari M, Hayashi Y et al. · Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

A wearable accelerometry landscape of human health and disease.

This large-scale cohort study analyzed accelerometry data from 70,473 participants with up to 10 years of follow-up to build an atlas of 210 accelerometer-derived phenotypes (ADPs) spanning activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, circadian rhythm, and step metrics. The authors identified 8,149 ADP–disease and 36,614 ADP–trait associations across 406 diseases and 956 traits, mapping how specific movement/sleep patterns relate to health outcomes. This provides a high-resolution, data-driven framework for linking real-world digital phenotypes to disease risk and for generating hypotheses for precision health interventions.

Liang Y, Zhao Y, Deng Y et al. · Science bulletin · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Meningococcal meningitis in patients under prolonged eculizumab therapy: Clinical and immunological observations from a case series.

This case series examined clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, immunological findings, and treatment outcomes in patients who developed meningococcal meningitis while receiving prolonged eculizumab therapy. Despite prior immunization, patients on eculizumab experienced life-threatening Neisseria meningitidis infections consistent with complement inhibition–associated susceptibility. The observations reinforce the need for rigorous meningococcal prevention and monitoring strategies in patients treated with eculizumab.

Varela-Fernández R, Ortega-Valín L, Sáez-Villafañe M et al. · Nefrologia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in membranous nephropathy.

This review article summarized evidence on anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies in membranous nephropathy, focusing on B-cell depletion mechanisms and Fcγ receptor–mediated immune activation. It highlights rituximab as the historical standard with a favorable safety profile and discusses newer anti-CD20 agents designed to optimize B-cell depletion and Fc-dependent effects. Clinically, the synthesis supports selecting and optimizing anti-CD20 therapy in membranous nephropathy based on mechanism-of-action differences and emerging comparative data.

Díaz-García JD, Nanwani AC, Navarro AV et al. · Nefrologia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

IL-15 drives antigen-independent increase in granzyme K+B+ CD8 T cells enriched in rheumatoid arthritis joints.

This study examined how interleukin-15 (IL-15) promotes antigen-independent expansion of granzyme K and B co-expressing (GzmK+B+) CD8 T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joints, comparing RA synovium with osteoarthritis (OA) synovium. Flow cytometry of patient synovial samples, supported by public RA/OA synovial single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis and in vitro culture experiments, showed that IL-15 drives an increase in GzmK+B+ CD8 T cells enriched in RA joints. These findings implicate IL-15 as a mechanistic driver of pathogenic cytotoxic T-cell subsets in RA and suggest IL-15 pathway targeting as a potential therapeutic strategy.

Natori T, Yamada H, Tsurui R et al. · Journal of autoimmunity · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Resistance Training for Cyclists: Scientific Evidence and Practical Recommendations.

This narrative review summarized scientific evidence on resistance training (RT) for cyclists and translated it into practical recommendations regarding performance, body composition, and bone health. The key finding was that incorporating 1–2 weekly RT sessions with moderate-to-high loads can improve cycling-relevant outcomes without necessarily causing unwanted residual fatigue or excessive hypertrophy. Clinically and practically, these recommendations support evidence-based RT programming to help cyclists adopt strength training safely and effectively.

de Pablos R, Sánchez-Redondo IR, Alejo LB et al. · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Upcoming novel treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa: An overview of the pipeline.

This overview reviewed the therapeutic pipeline for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), focusing on emerging treatments targeting inflammatory pathways such as IL-17, IL-1, TNF, JAK signaling, and TYK2, as well as innate immune mechanisms. The key finding was that multiple novel biologics, dual cytokine-inhibition strategies, bispecific agents, and oral small-molecule inhibitors are advancing as next-generation options. This is significant for guiding clinicians and researchers toward mechanism-based HS therapies and for identifying promising targets for future trials.

Tzellos T, Liakou AI, Garbayo-Salmons P et al. · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in hidradenitis suppurativa: A nationwide cohort study.

This nationwide Danish register-based cohort study assessed real-world use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in adult patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) compared with matched psoriasis patients and background controls. The study evaluated GLP-1RA initiation patterns, comorbidity burden, and subsequent changes in healthcare utilization and treatment patterns after starting GLP-1RA therapy. These findings are clinically significant because they clarify how GLP-1RAs are being adopted in routine care and how they may relate to disease burden in HS.

Nielsen VW, Holgersen N, Pedersen NH et al. · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Immunometabolic Reprogramming in the Bone Marrow Niche: Mechanisms, Plasticity, and Precision Therapeutic Targeting.

This review article synthesized current knowledge on immunometabolic reprogramming within the bone marrow (BM) niche, emphasizing mechanisms and plasticity that regulate hematopoietic and leukemic stem cells in diseases such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma. The key finding was that stromal and immune interactions drive stem-cell metabolic shifts, including mitochondrial fitness and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enhancement mediated by mesenchymal stromal cells via cysteine supply and mitochondrial transfer. This is scientifically significant because it highlights precision therapeutic targets within the BM niche that could be exploited to treat BM-associated malignancies and disorders.

Khu A, Marpaung AP, Halim P et al. · Cell biology international · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Ozoralizumab, a trivalent anti-TNFα NANOBODY® compound, is resistant to rheumatoid factor-mediated modulation of FcRn-dependent recycling and immune complex uptake.

This study examined how rheumatoid factor (RF) affects FcRn-dependent recycling and immune-complex uptake of ozoralizumab, a trivalent anti-TNFα NANOBODY® therapeutic, in the context of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ozoralizumab showed resistance to RF-mediated modulation of FcRn-dependent recycling and immune-complex uptake compared with Fc-containing TNF inhibitors. This suggests that ozoralizumab’s Fc-free NANOBODY format may reduce RF-related pharmacokinetic/immune-complex variability, potentially improving predictability of TNF blockade in high-RF RA patients.

Morimoto M, Sawa Y, Ishiwatari-Ogata C et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire & exposure-informed immunology

Integrative analysis of immune-cell eQTLs and Mendelian randomization identifies genetically supported genes associated with breast cancer susceptibility.

This work integrated immune-cell–specific cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) with breast cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS) data using two-sample Mendelian randomization and Bayesian colocalization/SuSiE fine-mapping. Using instruments from five immune-cell resources (DICE, eQTLGen, OneK1K, Soskic, and TenK10K) against FinnGen R12 breast cancer (24,270 cases, 222,078 controls; European ancestry), the authors identified genetically supported immune-regulatory genes associated with breast cancer susceptibility. The results provide a prioritized set of immune-related candidate genes and mechanisms that can guide downstream functional validation and risk biology for breast cancer.

Han F, Zhao R, Yu H et al. · Cancer genetics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Immune signatures of common exposures through co-occurrence of T-cell receptors in tens of thousands of donors.

This study mined T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires from tens of thousands of human donors to define “ECOclusters” based on co-occurrence patterns of public TCRβ sequences linked to common exposures. The authors identified exposure co-occurrence clusters that capture immune signatures of prior events by leveraging public TCRs and their HLA allele associations. These findings provide a scalable framework for mapping population-level immune history from TCR sequencing data, supporting exposure-informed immunology and vaccine/infection research.

May DH, Woodhouse S, Noakes MT et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Neurodevelopmental & neuropsychiatric mechanisms (ASD, PTSD, depression/anxiety)

Treating co-occurring alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder: A systematic review of combination and multimodal pharmacotherapy.

This systematic review evaluated pharmacological strategies for treating comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in adults, focusing on combination and multimodal regimens and dual-target agents. Across seven eligible trials (N=758), the review cataloged what has been studied to date, despite the lack of an approved medication specifically for the combined indication. The findings highlight evidence gaps and can guide future randomized trials testing integrated pharmacotherapy for AUD+MDD.

Sharif AF, Jahan AB, Salloum IM et al. · The American journal on addictions · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Comparative Analysis of Antidepressant Mechanisms and Side Effects: Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study of Amitriptyline, Mirtazapine, and Escitalopram for Treating Major Depressive Disorder.

This computational network pharmacology and molecular docking study compared antidepressant mechanisms and side-effect profiles of amitriptyline, mirtazapine, and escitalopram for major depressive disorder (MDD). The key finding was identification of shared and distinct drug–target–pathway networks and core targets, followed by GO/KEGG enrichment to propose mechanistic differences among the three drugs. Scientifically, it provides hypothesis-generating targets and pathways that may help explain efficacy and adverse-effect variability across common MDD treatments.

Zhuo C, Zhang Q, Song H et al. · Depression and anxiety · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Immunometabolic alterations in post-traumatic stress disorder.

This exploratory cross-sectional study compared peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with PTSD (n=34) versus healthy controls (n=32) using cell-specific metabolic flow cytometry, serum biomarker profiling, and targeted gene expression analysis. PTSD was associated with elevated serum IL-6 and increased immune-cell metabolic pathway activity, including glycolysis and oxidative pentose phosphate pathway markers identified via CITRUS/SAM. These immunometabolic alterations suggest PTSD involves systemic immune metabolic reprogramming, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Brasanac J, El-Ahmad L, Mollerup E et al. · Brain, behavior, and immunity · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Stress induced hyperphagia in C. elegans as a genetic model for binge eating disorders.

This study used the genetically tractable nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to model stress-induced hyperphagia relevant to binge eating disorders by combining starvation with heat stress and quantifying pharyngeal pumping. Combined starvation and heat stress increased feeding beyond starvation alone, with effects shaped by stress timing and food availability. This establishes C. elegans stress–feeding interactions as a mechanistic genetic model for binge-like eating phenotypes and their neural control.

Pucci M, Cifani C, D’Addario C et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Systematic CRISPRi perturbation of 1,408 autism risk genes maps multilevel transcriptional convergence in human cortical neurons.

This preprint reports a systematic CRISPRi Perturb-seq screen that represses 1,408 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk genes in human embryonic stem cell-derived immature cortical neurons and profiles transcriptomic effects by single-cell RNA sequencing. The authors identified 215 ASD risk genes whose repression causes significant global transcriptomic dysregulation and used transcriptional similarity to ASD hub genes to prioritize candidate genes and recurrent dysregulated gene programs. This functional atlas maps multilevel transcriptional convergence across ASD genetics, providing targets and pathway hypotheses for future therapeutic development.

Gogate A, Chen WC, Nzima M et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · (2026) · 1 citations · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Neurodegeneration & neuroinflammation (PD/AD/ALS, NETs, astrocytes, synuclein)

The Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of mtDNA in Regulation of Inflammation and Metabolism.

This article reviews how mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genetic and epigenetic features regulate inflammation and metabolism, describing the mtDNA-encoded oxidative phosphorylation genes and how mtDNA integrity is altered by metabolic dysregulation, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cascades. It concludes that compromised mtDNA can drive disease pathogenesis by linking mitochondrial dysfunction to inflammatory signaling and metabolic imbalance. The scientific significance is that mtDNA mechanisms may provide actionable targets or biomarkers for disorders where inflammation and metabolism are tightly coupled.

Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Duan H et al. · FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

mTOR and STING Modulation Restores Hydrolase Activities and Decreases Alpha-Synuclein Pathology in the Cells from the Patients with GBA1-Associated Parkinson’s Disease.

This study investigated whether pharmacologic modulation of mTOR and STING pathways can restore lysosomal hydrolase activities and reduce alpha-synuclein pathology in cells derived from patients with GBA1-associated Parkinson’s disease. It reports that treatment with the mTOR inhibitor Torin 1 and the STING inhibitor H-151 decreases alpha-synuclein pathology while restoring autophagy/lysosomal function and hydrolase activities. The significance is that dual mTOR–STING pathway targeting may represent a disease-modifying therapeutic strategy for GBA1-PD.

Usenko TS, Bezrukova AI, Basharova KS et al. · Biochemistry. Biokhimiia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Astrocyte Structure-Function Relationship in Senescence and Neurodegeneration.

This review examines the structure–function relationship of astrocytes in the context of senescence and neurodegeneration, focusing on how aging-associated senescent astrocytes and disease-associated reactive astrocytes differ yet overlap in secretory phenotypes. It highlights that both senescent and reactive astrocytes produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and metalloproteinases, contributing to neurodegenerative processes. The significance is that astrocyte state (senescent vs reactive) may be a key determinant of neuroinflammation and disease progression, informing future therapeutic targeting.

Serebryanaya DV, Kolgaeva KA, Dya GA et al. · Biochemistry. Biokhimiia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory proteomic profiling identifies biomarkers linked to disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

This study profiled cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory proteins in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients stratified as slow progressors versus fast progressors to identify biomarkers linked to disease progression heterogeneity. Using the Olink Target 96 Inflammation panel with limma and elastic net analyses, the authors identified CSF inflammation-related proteins associated with progression phenotype and evaluated their ability to discriminate slow versus fast progression. These CSF proteomic biomarkers could enable earlier risk stratification and more targeted clinical trial enrichment for ALS patients.

Lv C, Zhu W, Wen X et al. · Journal of neurology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Mediate in vitro and in vivo Degradation of α-Synuclein Amyloid Fibrils.

This experimental study investigated whether α-synuclein amyloid fibrils (αSF) induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in vivo and whether NETs degrade α-synuclein pathology, using wild-type mice and gp91phox (NOX2) knockout mice. The key finding was that αSF triggered NET formation and that NETs mediated degradation of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils, with effects dependent on NOX2 activity (gp91phox). This supports a mechanistic role for NETs in modulating α-synuclein aggregation relevant to synucleinopathies and identifies NOX2 as a critical pathway.

Cardim-Pires TR, Martins ADS, Guimarães FV et al. · Journal of inflammation research · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

When the Electromyography (EMG) and the Patient Disagree: Unraveling a Motor Neuron Disease Mimic With Small-Fiber Dysfunction.

This case report studied a 52-year-old man initially evaluated for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using electromyography (EMG) but ultimately characterized as a motor neuron disease mimic with small-fiber dysfunction. The key finding was that EMG findings suggesting diffuse motor neuron disease were discordant with the clinical phenotype (e.g., preserved strength and normal gait) and that small-fiber dysfunction better explained the symptoms. Clinically, it emphasizes careful interpretation of EMG abnormalities and the importance of considering small-fiber neuropathy when diagnosing suspected ALS.

Ottu Para NK · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Ergothioneine promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by stabilizing VPS35 to suppress mitochondrial damage-driven neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.

This preclinical study tested ergothioneine (EGT) in a mouse model of contusive spinal cord injury to determine whether it improves functional recovery by stabilizing VPS35 and suppressing mitochondrial damage–driven neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The key finding was that EGT promoted functional recovery and reduced mitochondrial damage–associated inflammatory/oxidative pathology via a VPS35-dependent mechanism. These results suggest a mechanistic therapeutic strategy for SCI that targets mitochondrial injury pathways to improve neurological outcomes.

Zhou J, Zhang C, Zhang Y et al. · Free radical biology & medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs Delivered By Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Parkinson’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Stroke: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies.

This systematic review synthesized preclinical studies in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) to model systems of Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and stroke. Across the included experiments, MSC-derived miRNA delivery was reported to modulate disease-relevant cellular pathways and improve outcomes in these neurodegenerative and ischemic conditions. These findings support MSC/miRNA-based disease-modifying strategies as a scientific rationale for future translational studies, while highlighting the need for standardized miRNA characterization and delivery approaches.

Przywara D, Petniak A, Gil-Kulik P · Molecular neurobiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Excessive activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway triggers adult-onset motor axonal degeneration.

This study performed an unbiased forward genetic mosaic screen in Drosophila to identify genes required for adult motor axon and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) maintenance, focusing on the RAS/MAPK pathway. Loss of pebbled (peb), the Drosophila ortholog of the RAS-responsive element binding protein 1 (RREB1) transcription factor, caused adult-onset progressive motor axonal and NMJ degeneration with age-dependent motor deficits. These findings implicate dysregulated RAS/MAPK transcriptional control in adult-onset neurodegeneration and nominate peb/RREB1 as a mechanistic node for motor neuron disease biology.

Been M, Lambert E, Serna A et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cancer immunotherapy & tumor immune microenvironment (TME, resistance, CAR/TCR, checkpoints)

Advances in 3D Bioprinting for Breast Cancer Modeling: Tumor Microenvironment, Metastasis, and Drug Screening.

This review summarizes advances in 3D bioprinting approaches used to model breast cancer tumor microenvironment, metastasis, and drug screening, focusing on key stromal components such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and immune cells. It highlights that reproducing the spatial heterogeneity and physical/chemical/mechanical interactions of the tumor microenvironment is critical for capturing angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance in breast cancer models. These 3D bioprinted systems are significant because they can improve physiological relevance and thereby strengthen preclinical drug testing and mechanistic studies of breast cancer progression.

Nakipoglu M, Mahmoodi M, Apu EH et al. · Advanced healthcare materials · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

CD112 Lactylation Drives Dual Immune Evasion From CD8+ T Cells and NK Cells.

This mechanistic study investigates how CD112 lactylation drives immune evasion from both CD8+ T cells and NK cells, focusing on the tumor microenvironment’s lactate-driven post-translational modification of the checkpoint ligand CD112. It finds that lactyltransferase AARS2 catalyzes CD112 lactylation at lysine 412 in response to tumor lactate, which blocks UBE3C-mediated ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation, stabilizing CD112 at the plasma membrane and enabling TIGIT/CD112R–mediated dual immune suppression. The significance is that targeting the CD112 lactylation axis could enhance both T cell and NK cell–based cancer immunotherapy.

Xu Z, Zhang X, Dong F et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Spatial Fibroblast-Macrophage Niches in Gastric Cancer: Mechanisms of Immune Exclusion, Therapeutic Resistance, and Targeted Intervention.

This review studied how spatial fibroblast–macrophage niches in gastric cancer drive immune exclusion and therapeutic resistance, and how targeted interventions might overcome these barriers. The key finding was that cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages create spatially organized microenvironments that limit effective immune checkpoint blockade and contribute to resistance across therapies. Scientifically, it supports a shift from purely molecular biomarkers (e.g., HER2, PD-L1, MSI/MMR, CLDN18.2, FGFR2b alterations) toward microenvironment mapping to guide targeted treatment strategies.

Wang X, Li Y, Yang K · OncoTargets and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

When RNA Wears a Sugar Coat: Emerging Biology and Cancer Relevance of GlycoRNA.

This review examined glycoRNAs—covalently glycosylated small non-coding RNAs—focusing on how their glycan “sugar coat” enables interactions with sialic acid-binding Siglecs, P-selectin, and heparan sulfate–VEGF complexes in cancer contexts. The key finding is that glycoRNA–lectin and glycan–protein interactions can promote tumor-relevant processes such as intercellular communication, inflammation, angiogenesis, and immune evasion. This supports glycoRNAs as emerging mechanistic players and potential biomarker/therapeutic targets in cancer biology.

Ren T, Lin Z, Xie W et al. · Cancer letters · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

CAR T cell-induced interferon gamma enhances MHC class I expression and sensitizes neuroblastoma to TCR-engineered T cell therapy.

This study investigated a combination strategy for neuroblastoma immunotherapy using CAR T cells and TCR-engineered T cells, focusing on how CAR T cell-derived interferon gamma (IFNγ) affects tumor antigen presentation. The authors found that IFNγ produced by CAR T cells increased MHC class I expression on neuroblastoma cells and sensitized them to subsequent TCR-engineered T cell activity. This provides a mechanistic rationale for improving TCR-engineered T cell efficacy against low–MHC class I childhood tumors by leveraging CAR T cell effector cytokines.

Vitali A, Padlo J, Caramel C et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cancer therapeutics & drug discovery (targeted therapy, PROTACs, cell death pathways, drug design)

Phase 1 dose escalation and expansion trial of the bispecific CD47 inhibitor and CD40 agonist Fc-fusion protein SL-172154 (SIRPα-Fc-CD40L) in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia.

This phase 1 dose-escalation and expansion trial evaluated the bispecific CD47 inhibitor/CD40 agonist Fc-fusion SL-172154 (SIRPα-Fc-CD40L) alone or combined with azacitidine (AZA) in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR-MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including a cohort enriched for previously untreated HR-MDS and TP53-mutant (TP53m) AML. The study established a SL-172154 dose that could be safely combined with AZA and assessed safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity as primary objectives. If efficacy signals are confirmed, this strategy could provide a new CD47/CD40L immune-activating regimen to improve outcomes in HR-MDS and TP53m AML beyond AZA alone.

Daver NG, Zeidan AM, Stein AS et al. · Cancer · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Recent Advances in Cyclic Peptide-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Focused Review.

This focused review summarized recent cyclic peptide-based therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), especially clear cell RCC (ccRCC), where resistance to targeted therapy and immune checkpoint blockade remains a major challenge. It organized cyclic peptide approaches by function, including cyclic peptides as drugs, as carriers of cytotoxic drugs or radionuclides, as targeting guides, in supramolecular drug-delivery materials, and in induced-proximity pharmacology. By mapping how cyclic peptides can be engineered for tumor selectivity and delivery, the review supports rational development of next-generation RCC therapeutics.

Sun L, Li X, Liu Y et al. · Drug design, development and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Targeting adaptive EGFR feedback enhances the therapeutic efficacy of RMC-6236 in cholangiocarcinoma.

The study evaluated the RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitor RMC-6236, alone and combined with gemcitabine and the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab, in KRAS-mutant cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) preclinical models. Targeting adaptive EGFR feedback enhanced RMC-6236 antitumor efficacy by reshaping KRAS/EGFR signaling responses. This supports a combination strategy that may improve outcomes for KRAS-mutant CCA patients by counteracting EGFR-driven adaptive resistance.

Yamazaki S, Hondo N, Yasukawa K et al. · Experimental hematology & oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

CDK2/9 blockade remodels chromatin and drives phenotypic plasticity in glioblastoma organoids.

The study tested whether CDK2/9 inhibition with fadraciclib remodels chromatin and drives phenotypic plasticity in glioblastoma using 2D cultures, 3D spheroids, patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and multicellular 3D bioprints. CDK2/9 blockade produced transcriptomic reprogramming and phenotypic plasticity distinct from temozolomide, indicating a chromatin-linked adaptive state. This is significant because it suggests CDK2/9-targeted therapy may reshape tumor cell states in ways that could influence resistance and combination strategies in GBM.

Kaps P, Hieltscher AS, Auditore A et al. · Cell communication and signaling : CCS · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

The role of lysosome-dependent cell death in cancer.

This review summarized lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD) as a regulated cell death pathway distinct from apoptosis and necrosis, focusing on lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cathepsin-driven signaling. It highlights LDCD’s dual roles in cancer biology and its potential as a therapeutic target. The synthesis is significant for guiding future drug development strategies that exploit lysosome–cathepsin mechanisms to improve cancer treatment responses.

Li JF, Zhang K, Zhang XH et al. · Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

The effects of chronic beetroot juice supplementation with resistance training on skeletal muscle mitochondrial and redox markers in middle-aged and older adults.

The study examined the role of histone demethylase KDM4A in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) metastasis and its downstream transcriptional mechanism. KDM4A promoted metastasis by inducing focal adhesion disassembly through STAT1-mediated CCL3 transcriptional activation, with KDM4A knockdown reducing migration/invasion in vitro and metastatic potential in vivo. This identifies a KDM4A–STAT1–CCL3 axis as a mechanistic driver and potential target for limiting TGCT dissemination.

Mueller BJ, McIntosh MC, Tiede DR et al. · European journal of applied physiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Targeting ferritinophagy via NCOA4-FTH1 disruption by sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate alleviates cardiotoxicity and enhances anti-tumor efficacy.

This study investigated whether sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate targets ferritinophagy by disrupting the NCOA4–FTH1 axis to alleviate sorafenib-induced cardiotoxicity while preserving or enhancing anti-tumor efficacy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma models. The key finding was that NCOA4–FTH1 disruption via sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate reduced cardiotoxic effects and improved anti-tumor outcomes associated with sorafenib treatment. This is significant because it proposes a tissue-selective ferroptosis/ferritinophagy-targeting adjunct to overcome a major limitation of sorafenib therapy.

Liu Y, Li X, Dai Z et al. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Qishen granule improves myocardial fibrosis in heart failure via Piezo1/Calpain2/LAMP1/CTSS in CCR2+ macrophages.

This preclinical study tested the herbal formulation Qishen granule (QSG) in a mouse model of heart failure with myocardial fibrosis induced by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation, assessing cardiac function and fibrosis after three weeks of treatment. The key finding was that QSG improved myocardial fibrosis through a pathway involving Piezo1/Calpain2/LAMP1/CTSS specifically in CCR2+ macrophages. This is significant because it identifies a macrophage-targeted molecular mechanism that could inform new anti-fibrotic therapies for heart failure.

Liu J, Tao M, Min S et al. · Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Evaluation of novel targeted small-molecule therapeutics in desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) cells.

This study evaluated targeted, non–DNA-damaging small-molecule inhibitors in an in vitro model of desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) using the JN-DSRCT-1 cell line. After characterizing genomic architecture (including TP53 status) with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and sequencing, the authors used in silico vulnerability comparisons with Ewing sarcoma and tested candidate drugs with flow cytometry (cell death, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, caspase-3 activity, cell cycle) and qPCR. The work identifies and functionally tests therapeutic vulnerabilities in DSRCT cells, supporting rational development of targeted small-molecule strategies for this aggressive sarcoma.

Hahn A, Hentschel J, Saleem S et al. · Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and bone scintigraphy for detecting bone metastases in prostate cancer.

This diagnostic accuracy study compared 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT with bone scintigraphy for detecting bone metastases in 100 prostate cancer patients across initial staging, biochemical recurrence, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), and m0CRPC. Using patient-, region-, and lesion-based assessments by experienced readers on a five-point scale, the authors quantified comparative performance of the two imaging modalities for bone metastasis detection. The findings inform imaging selection and interpretation for staging and restaging prostate cancer patients with suspected skeletal spread.

Kitajima K, Naka S, Hatano K et al. · Japanese journal of radiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) Linkerology Enhances the CDK-Degradation Selectivity Profile of a Multi-CDK Inhibitor: Discovery of Potent, Anti-Leukemic CDK9 Degraders.

This study investigated how PROTAC “linkerology” (linker length/flexibility and ubiquitinatable lysine accessibility) can be used to convert multi-CDK inhibitors into CDK9-selective degraders, building on the CDK9-selective PROTAC THAL-SNS-032 derived from SNS-032. The authors report that linker optimization produced potent anti-leukemic CDK9 degraders with enhanced CDK-degradation selectivity profiles. This provides a design platform for generating more selective CDK9 degraders to improve therapeutic targeting in leukemia.

Chan AM, Eberly C, Goodis CC et al. · ACS pharmacology & translational science · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Bispecific antibody-drug conjugates in cancer: therapeutic-window determinants, tumour-immune interactions, and clinical translation.

This review article analyzed bispecific antibody-drug conjugates (BsADCs) in cancer, focusing on determinants of the therapeutic window, tumor–immune interactions, and translational considerations. It highlights how BsADCs—exemplified by the EGFR×HER3 BsADC izalontamab brengitecan (iza-bren; BL-B01D1)—aim to overcome limitations of conventional ADCs such as antigen heterogeneity, trafficking/internalization barriers, and toxicity. The synthesis supports rational clinical development strategies for BsADCs to improve efficacy while managing dose-limiting adverse effects.

Li Y, Li Y, Huang R et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Oncology diagnostics & biomarkers (liquid biopsy, fragmentomics, EVs, imaging, pathology standards)

Cell-free DNA fragmentomics: from chromatin biology to clinical stratification.

This review described how plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomics reflects chromatin biology and can be used for oncology stratification. It organizes fragmentomic features—such as coverage/protection, fragment size, fragment-end properties, and diversity/entropy—into a framework linked to methylation, accessibility, nucleosome positioning, protein occupancy, and nuclease activity. The clinical significance is that fragmentomics may enable more informative, noninvasive tumor characterization and patient stratification beyond conventional cfDNA metrics.

Bui TD, Phung MT, Chou TY et al. · Epigenomics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Liquid biopsy for early detection and biomarker applications in gynecological cancers: current status and future directions.

This structured review evaluated liquid biopsy approaches for gynecological cancers, covering ctDNA, circulating tumor cells, exosomal non-coding RNAs, and epigenetic markers (including methylation and fragmentation) as well as multi-omics signatures across ovarian, endometrial, cervical, vulvar, and vaginal malignancies. The key finding was that evidence supports multiple circulating analytes for early detection, prognosis/prediction, therapy monitoring, and minimal residual disease (MRD) detection, while also highlighting limitations in clinical implementation. This synthesis clarifies the current state and future directions for translating liquid biopsy biomarkers into routine care for gynecologic cancers.

Leng X, Wang L · Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Exploratory analysis of extracellular vesicle Profile changes during pembrolizumab treatment in NSCLC.

This study analyzed serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) from 98 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy, using CD9/CD63 antibody-based EV isolation and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to profile EV proteins. EV protein abundance and pathway enrichment differed between primary resistance and clinical benefit groups, with clinical benefit further stratified into acquired resistance and long-term responders, and these EV signatures were evaluated alongside progression-free survival (PFS). These findings suggest EV protein profiling could help identify mechanisms of pembrolizumab resistance and predict durable benefit in advanced NSCLC.

Hirano Y, Yagishita S, Shinno Y et al. · Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

From operating room to pathology report: Delphi consensus on pathological assessment of peritoneal cytology and biopsies in staging laparoscopy for gastric cancer.

This modified Delphi consensus study among Dutch gastric cancer (GC) cyto-/pathology experts developed recommendations for pathological assessment and reporting of peritoneal cytology and peritoneal biopsies obtained during staging laparoscopy. The key outcome was a set of consensus-based statements covering specimen handling, initial evaluation, ancillary/biomarker testing, and reporting requirements, reaching predefined agreement thresholds. Standardizing these procedures is scientifically and clinically important because it can improve consistency of peritoneal staging and downstream treatment decisions in selected GC patients.

Quik JSE, de Neijs MJ, Grabsch HI et al. · Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Clinical oncology trials & comparative effectiveness (radiotherapy, ablation, biologics, sequences)

Microwave ablation versus stereotactic body radiotherapy for oligometastatic colorectal liver metastases (LAVA-CRLM): a prospective, randomised, phase II trial.

This prospective randomized phase II trial compared microwave ablation (MWA) versus stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for local control of oligometastatic colorectal liver metastases in adults with one to three lesions (each ≤4.0 cm) suitable for either modality. The primary endpoint was freedom from local progression and the trial also assessed safety, directly comparing the two local therapies in a head-to-head design. Results could inform evidence-based selection of MWA versus SBRT for curative-intent management of colorectal liver oligometastases.

Risumlund SL, Stick LB, Appelt A et al. · The Lancet regional health. Europe · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line anti-TNF, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab in biologic-naïve Crohn’s disease: Analysis from a real-world cohort.

The study compared first-line biologic effectiveness and safety of anti-TNF therapy versus vedolizumab and ustekinumab in biologic-naïve adults with Crohn’s disease using a real-world cohort. Using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), it assessed clinical response at 48–52 weeks and multiple secondary endpoints including early response, remission measures, persistence, hospitalizations, and safety. The results are clinically significant for informing treatment selection among first-line biologics in routine care for biologic-naïve Crohn’s disease patients.

Shani U, Yaakobi H, Leibovitzh H et al. · Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

CAR T‑Cell Therapy as a Bridging Strategy to Second Transplant in Relapsed B‑Cell ALL.

This study evaluated CAR T-cell therapy as a bridging strategy to a second allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT2) in patients with relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after first transplant (HSCT1), comparing outcomes by bridging strategy. The analysis focused on whether CAR-T–mediated remission before HSCT2 improves post-transplant disease control relative to non–CAR-T bridging approaches. If beneficial, this would support integrating CAR T-cell therapy into HSCT2 planning to reduce relapse risk and improve survival in this high-risk population.

Agrawal V, Shan H, Malki MA et al. · Transplantation and cellular therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

“Current approaches and emerging strategies in the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ and premalignant breast lesions”.

This review discussed current and emerging treatment strategies for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and premalignant breast lesions, addressing risk-adapted management to reduce overtreatment after increased detection from screening mammography. The key finding was that standard care typically involves breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy with adjuvant radiotherapy when breast-conserving surgery is used, and endocrine therapy (tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors) for selected patients. This is important for guiding individualized decisions that balance recurrence prevention against treatment-related harms in non-invasive breast disease.

Ruelle T, Chiappe E, Lanzavecchia C et al. · Cancer treatment reviews · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Treatment sequence after first-line immunotherapy in older adults with advanced NSCLC (NEJ057).

This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated treatment sequence and clinical outcomes after progression on first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy in older adults with advanced NSCLC, focusing on patients aged ≥75 years with EGFR wild-type and ALK-negative disease. Among 1245 patients, the authors assessed transition rates to subsequent therapies and associated clinical outcomes following ICI progression. The results provide evidence to guide second-line treatment planning in older NSCLC patients where data on post-ICI sequencing have been limited.

Kushiro K, Tsukita Y, Tozuka T et al. · International journal of clinical oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

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Gastrointestinal & hepatology (IBD, CRC, HCC, GI surgery, liver disease)

Investigating the effect of vitamin C supplementation on bacterial vaginosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed whether vitamin C supplementation improves bacterial vaginosis (BV) outcomes in randomized clinical trials. Trials were identified through multiple databases up to October 29, 2024, and effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models with risk of bias assessed and evidence quality graded. Clarifying vitamin C’s therapeutic value could support or refute a low-cost adjunct approach targeting BV-associated vaginal microbiome and lactic acid pathways.

Abedi P, Iravani M, Makvandi S et al. · Journal of education and health promotion · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Lipid Accumulation Promotes Tumorigenic Behaviour of Colorectal Cancer Cells.

This in vitro study examined how lipid accumulation affects tumorigenic behavior of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by culturing multiple human colon cancer cell lines (HT29, Caco-2, HCT116, LoVo, SW480, SW48) with oleic acid complexed to albumin. The key finding was time- and dose-dependent uptake of oleate and triglyceride accumulation with increased expression of perilipin-2 (PLIN2), consistent with enhanced lipid droplet formation and tumorigenic potential. Scientifically, it links hyperlipidemic/obesity-associated lipid metabolism to CRC aggressiveness and implicates PLIN2 as a mechanistic marker or mediator.

Itzenhäuser T, Schildt FS, Jochem S et al. · Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Is there a difference in knee biomechanics due to fatigue of the quadriceps versus hamstrings during landing on a single limb? a randomized comparative laboratory study.

The study investigated how junctional plakoglobin (JUP, encoded by JUP) regulates intestinal epithelial proliferation and repair in Caco-2 monolayers and non-transformed intestinal organoids. JUP loss accelerated wound closure via increased epithelial migration and proliferation, accompanied by activation of MAPK/ERK signaling (including increased ERK phosphorylation by Western blot). These findings identify the JUP–MAPK/ERK axis as a mechanistic regulator of intestinal epithelial regeneration and a potential therapeutic target for impaired repair.

Mahmoud WS, Ibrahim MM, Hegazy MM et al. · BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Statins are associated with decreased risk of disease progression and death in non-cirrhotic patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

The study evaluated whether statin use is associated with reduced disease progression and mortality in non-cirrhotic patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). In a retrospective analysis of 507 non-cirrhotic PBC patients (232 statin users vs 275 non-users), statins were associated with decreased risk of disease progression and death. This suggests a potentially beneficial, repurposable pharmacologic strategy for improving long-term outcomes in non-cirrhotic PBC.

Rigopoulou EI, Lygoura V, Papantoniou K et al. · European journal of internal medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

TREAT-TO-TARGET IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: PROMISE, PERILS, AND THE PATH FORWARD.

This article reviewed the treat-to-target (T2T) strategy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), focusing on how therapeutic targets have evolved from symptomatic remission toward endoscopic, histologic, and emerging molecular endpoints and how treatment is adjusted iteratively to achieve them. The key finding was that while the evidence supporting deeper targets has strengthened, the overall evidence base for T2T implementation is less robust than its widespread adoption implies. This matters clinically because it identifies where future trials and better-defined molecular/transmural endpoints are needed to optimize IBD management.

Singh S, Nardone OM, Allocca M et al. · Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Cancer cell-intrinsic rewiring of the colorectal cancer secretome.

This study examined how colorectal cancer (CRC) cells rewire their secretome by profiling secreted factors from patient-derived CRC organoids versus healthy colon organoids. Using a click-chemistry-based secretome profiling approach, the authors found cancer cell-intrinsic secretome changes during malignancy with clear separation between microsatellite-stable (MSS) and microsatellite-instability–associated (instable) cancers. The resulting secretomics signatures and candidate immune-modulating factors may enable improved biomarkers and therapeutic targeting of tumor immune evasion in CRC.

Witsen M, Foskolos T, Dijkstra JJ et al. · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Spatial multi-omics-guided drug development in inflammatory bowel disease: from mucosal immune niches to precision therapy.

This review discussed how spatial multi-omics can guide drug development in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by reframing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis as organized mucosal immune niches rather than uniform inflammation. It argues that integrating spatially resolved epithelial, myeloid, lymphoid, stromal, vascular, neural, and microbiome-associated signals can better explain treatment response and non-response than bulk markers alone. The proposed framework supports precision therapy selection by linking niche-specific pathways to targeted biologics and small molecules.

Wang H, Zhao X, Yang J · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Cardiovascular & metabolic disease (diabetes, obesity, lipids, exercise/nutrition, hypertension)

A 5:2 Intermittent Fasting Regimen Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced MASLD-Associated Skeletal Muscle Impairment in Mice.

This animal study examined whether a 5:2 intermittent fasting regimen (IF5:2) improves skeletal muscle impairment associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by a high-fat diet in 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice. It reports that IF5:2 ameliorates high-fat diet–induced MASLD-associated skeletal muscle impairment after 14 weeks of 45% HFD followed by 12 IF5:2 cycles. The significance is that intermittent fasting may confer muscle-protective benefits in MASLD, supporting dietary strategies as potential adjuncts to reduce systemic complications.

Wang R, Yang R, Hu D et al. · Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Prior Use of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists versus SGLT2 Inhibitors and Clinical Outcomes After Sepsis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.

This propensity score-matched cohort study compared outcomes after sepsis in adults with type 2 diabetes who had used either GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) or SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) within 3 months before sepsis using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network. The key finding was the relative difference in 90-day all-cause mortality (primary outcome) and cardiovascular outcomes (secondary outcomes) between the two pre-sepsis medication groups after 1:1 matching (11,969 per group). Clinically, it informs whether prior glucose-lowering class—GLP-1RA versus SGLT2i—may modify post-sepsis risk in T2D patients.

Liu HH, Huang SC, Wu JY et al. · Drug design, development and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Junctional plakoglobin regulates intestinal epithelial cell proliferation via MAPK/ERK signaling.

The study compared how induced fatigue of quadriceps versus hamstrings affects knee kinematics and kinetics during a single-limb landing task in athletes. In a randomized laboratory design with 108 participants (ages 20–25) assigned to quadriceps or hamstring fatigue, the key outcome was differences in landing biomechanics such as peak knee flexion angle and vertical ground reaction force. These findings are significant for injury prevention by clarifying which muscle group fatigue most alters knee loading during dynamic landing.

Hörner M, Burkard N, Forchel F et al. · Cell communication and signaling : CCS · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

KDM4A drives TGCT metastasis by inducing focal adhesion disassembly via STAT1-mediated CCL3 transcriptional activation.

The study assessed whether chronic beetroot juice supplementation combined with resistance training alters skeletal muscle mitochondrial and redox markers in middle-aged and older adults. In older adults, the intervention was designed to test nitrate/NO-mediated effects on mitochondrial adaptation and oxidative state during resistance training. If effective, this would provide a practical nutritional adjunct to resistance training aimed at improving muscle bioenergetics and redox health with aging.

Liu X, Wang Z, Zou X et al. · Oncogene · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Nisotirostide (LY3457263), a novel NPY2 receptor agonist for type 2 diabetes and obesity: From discovery to clinical proof of concept.

This translational program studied nisotirostide (LY3457263), a selective NPY2 receptor agonist, in preclinical models and then in humans to assess effects relevant to type 2 diabetes and obesity. In mice and in a Phase 1 study in healthy participants and participants with T2D on dulaglutide, nisotirostide demonstrated target engagement and measurable pharmacodynamic effects with acceptable safety/tolerability across tested single subcutaneous doses. The work provides clinical proof-of-concept for NPY2 receptor agonism as an adjunct to GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy in T2D/obesity.

Briere DA, Leohr JK, Linnebjerg H et al. · Molecular metabolism · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Efficacy of Biologics in Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.

This narrative review evaluated the efficacy of biologic therapies targeting type 2 inflammation in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD/NERD), a condition characterized by asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, and hypersensitivity to cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors. Across the reviewed studies, the authors summarized comparative effectiveness of biologics used in AERD, aiming to clarify relative performance among available agents. The review is clinically relevant for selecting biologic treatments in patients with severe, treatment-refractory AERD where evidence on comparative efficacy has been limited.

Priessnitz JK, Hagopian A, Patev AJ et al. · Clinical and translational allergy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Gut dysbiosis, blood pressure regulation, and cardiometabolic risk in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS).

This narrative review synthesized evidence on whether gut dysbiosis and microbiome-related mechanisms contribute to hypertension, blood pressure regulation, and cardiometabolic risk in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS; formerly PCOS). It focused on linking microbiome alterations and microbial functions to vascular and metabolic pathways relevant to elevated blood pressure in women with PMOS. The review highlights microbiome-linked targets as potential contributors to cardiometabolic risk and supports future mechanistic and interventional studies.

Naveed M, Yang T, Togliatti O et al. · Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Time Course of Rimegepant Effect for Acute Treatment of Migraine in Adults Unsuitable for Triptans: Exploratory Endpoints from a Phase 4, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

This exploratory analysis assessed the time course of rimegepant 75 mg effects for acute migraine treatment in adults unsuitable for triptans using pre-specified endpoints from a Phase 4 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT05509400). Compared with placebo, rimegepant improved outcomes such as migraine pain relief, pain freedom, return to normal function, and most bothersome symptom (MBS) freedom across time points from 15 minutes to 48 hours post-dose. These data refine the temporal profile of rimegepant’s acute benefit in a clinically important subgroup that cannot use triptans.

Lanteri-Minet M, Smith T, Nalpas C et al. · Neurology and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Dietary Carbohydrate Intake and Skeletal Muscle Glycogen: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Determine Optimal Carbohydrate Loading Strategies.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated how dietary carbohydrate (CHO) availability (amount and timing) relates to skeletal muscle glycogen concentration, including the influence of covariates, across trials in endurance-relevant contexts. The key finding was that CHO intake strategies show variable effects on muscle glycogen, and the analysis aimed to identify the CHO loading conditions that best maximize glycogen stores. Scientifically, this helps optimize pre-competition nutrition prescriptions to improve endurance performance by targeting glycogen repletion more reliably.

Jones RO, Areta JL, Fortis HO et al. · Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Associations of exclusive e-cigarette use and dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes with prevalent and incident hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated population-based observational studies assessing associations of exclusive e-cigarette use and dual e-cigarette plus combustible cigarette use with prevalent and incident hypertension. Across included studies, the authors synthesized evidence while accounting for heterogeneity in exposure classification, smoking history, dual use, study design, and hypertension ascertainment. The results clarify whether vaping behaviors are linked to hypertension risk, informing cardiovascular risk assessment and public health guidance for e-cigarette use.

Adebisi YA, Volpe M, George J et al. · American journal of preventive cardiology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Infectious disease & immunosuppression (malaria, MAC, transplant infections, meningitis)

A critical role of the histone lysine demethylase JmjC1 in regulating severe malaria-associated virulence genes in Plasmodium falciparum.

This study investigates the role of the JmjC-domain histone lysine demethylase PfJmjC1 in regulating severe malaria virulence gene expression in Plasmodium falciparum, particularly the upsA var subgroup encoding PfEMP1 variants. It finds that PfJmjC1 acts as a vital transcriptional silencer of upsA var genes, with genome-wide profiling showing PfJmjC1 localization consistent with control of low-frequency activation in asymptomatic or uncomplicated infections. The clinical significance is that PfJmjC1-mediated epigenetic regulation of upsA var expression may represent a targetable mechanism influencing cerebral malaria pathogenesis.

Tang R, Pang J, Deng Y et al. · Nature communications · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological regimens for Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease and bacteremia: a systematic review with separate network meta-analyses.

This systematic review with separate Bayesian random-effects network meta-analyses studied comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacological regimens for Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) and MAC bacteremia. It finds that disease-specific network meta-analyses can be performed within a unified framework while avoiding pooling or cross-disease comparison of treatment effects. The significance is that clinicians can use the resulting comparative evidence to select regimens more appropriately for MAC-PD versus MAC bacteremia.

Cheng Q, Guo L, Dai R et al. · The Journal of infection · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Concurrent Pulmonary Detection of Nocardia beijingensis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium fortuitum in a Liver Transplant Recipient.

This case report studied concurrent pulmonary detection of Nocardia beijingensis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium fortuitum in a 66-year-old Chinese liver-transplant recipient on tacrolimus (with chronic hepatitis B treated using tenofovir disoproxil fumarate). The key finding was that bronchoscopy initially had negative routine microbiology, but subsequent mycobacterial/other pathogen testing identified all three organisms as coexisting causes of infection. Clinically, the report highlights the need for broad microbiologic evaluation for multiple pathogens in immunosuppressed transplant patients with persistent or recurrent pneumonia.

Membreno A, Martinez A, Bilenkin A et al. · Journal of Brown hospital medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Identification of PfSR1-MT as melatonin-responsive GPCR-like candidate from the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

This work studied melatonin-responsive receptor candidates in the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, focusing on the GPCR-like proteins PfSR1-MT and PfSR10 expressed during the asexual blood stage. PfSR1-MT, but not PfSR10, bound the radioligand 2-[125I]iodomelatonin with high affinity when heterologously expressed in human cells, and mutagenesis plus molecular modeling mapped the melatonin-binding site to the transmembrane core. Identifying PfSR1-MT as a melatonin-binding receptor candidate advances understanding of parasite circadian synchronization and highlights a potential target for antimalarial intervention.

Singh MK, Dias BKM, Ahmed W et al. · Current research in microbial sciences · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Respiratory & allergy (asthma, AERD, COPD-like, lung lesions)

Exploring the Potential Benefits of Biologic Therapies Beyond Respiratory Allergy.

This narrative review studied biologic therapies in severe pediatric asthma with a focus on effects beyond respiratory allergy, particularly infection-related outcomes and antiviral immune function. The key finding was that while biologics are established for asthma control, their influence on viral infection susceptibility, immune responses, and infection-driven exacerbations varies by therapy and immune pathway. Scientifically, it frames how to evaluate and potentially optimize biologic selection in children where respiratory viral triggers are a major driver of exacerbations.

Sica R, Catamerò F, Foti Randazzese S et al. · ImmunoTargets and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

CEUS- versus US- and CT-guided Biopsy for Subpleural Lung Lesions: A Prospective, Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

This prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial compared contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) versus conventional ultrasound (US) and CT-guided biopsy for diagnosing subpleural lung lesions (SLLs). The study evaluated diagnostic yield and disease-specific diagnostic sensitivity, along with safety outcomes, across randomized biopsy guidance strategies. The results aim to establish whether CEUS or US-guided percutaneous lung needle biopsy can match or outperform CT guidance while reducing procedural burden and radiation exposure.

Bi K, Shen MJ, Xu D et al. · Chest · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Gut bacteria and their metabolites may influence our decisions, intelligence, cognition, and consciousness.

This article reviewed evidence linking gut microbiota and their metabolites to brain function and cognition, focusing on gut–brain communication pathways including the enteric nervous system, autonomic nervous system, immune signaling, enteroendocrine signaling, and the vagus nerve. It highlights mechanistic roles for microbial short-chain fatty acids (especially butyrate) in strengthening the blood–brain barrier and modulating inflammatory signaling, and for acetate in supporting myelin lipid synthesis. The synthesis supports a scientific rationale for microbiome-targeted interventions to influence neuroinflammation and cognitive outcomes, though it is not a new clinical trial.

Dicks LMT, Botha A, Pohl C · Gut microbes · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Dermatology & skin disorders (NF1, HS, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis)

Efficacy and Safety of Topical and Systemic Therapies for Atopic Dermatitis in Patients With Skin of Colour: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical and systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis (AD) specifically in patients with skin of colour, addressing whether treatment performance and tolerability differ across racial/ethnic groups and Fitzpatrick skin types. Using PRISMA 2020 and SWiM guidance, the authors synthesized evidence on AD outcomes reported by skin colour, motivated by concerns that erythema-based severity measures may miss inflammation in darker skin. The review informs clinicians and researchers about potential inequities in AD treatment evidence and supports more inclusive trial design and outcome measurement.

Waqas M, Sarwar I, Junejo H et al. · Cureus · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Scn1a-mediated developmental regulation of prefrontal cortex plasticity and cognition.

This study investigated how Scn1a (encoding the sodium channel Nav1.1) regulates developmental versus adult prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plasticity and cognition by selectively inducing Nav1.1 dysfunction in the adult mPFC using conditional expression of a mutant human SCN1A allele. The key finding was that adult mPFC Nav1.1 dysfunction produces phenotypes relevant to cognition and plasticity, enabling comparison with previously observed adolescent effects. These results are significant for understanding age-dependent mechanisms in SCN1A-related epilepsy and for refining therapeutic timing strategies in disorders such as Dravet syndrome.

Riga MS, Pérez-Fernández M, Andrade-Talavera Y et al. · Epilepsia · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Effect of Biologic Therapy on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and network meta-analysis compared biologic therapies for improving depression and anxiety symptoms in adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Across included randomized controlled trials and prospective comparative cohort studies, the analysis found differential effects among biologics on depression/anxiety symptom outcomes (with relative rankings derived from the network meta-analytic framework). These comparative effectiveness data can inform selection of psoriasis biologics when neuropsychiatric symptom burden is a clinical priority.

Tang J, Wen Y, Chen K et al. · The British journal of dermatology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Managing skin-related adverse events during mirdametinib treatment for NF1-PNs: expert guidance from the ReNeu trial.

This article provides expert guidance on managing skin-related adverse events in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) receiving mirdametinib, drawing on experience from the Phase 2b ReNeu trial (NCT03962543). In ReNeu, mirdametinib (a MEK1/2 inhibitor) showed efficacy with a manageable safety profile, and the guidance focuses on practical mitigation of treatment-associated dermatologic toxicities. This supports safer long-term use of mirdametinib in children and adults with symptomatic NF1-PNs by translating trial safety data into clinical management strategies.

Hirbe AC, Anadkat MJ, Boull CL et al. · Frontiers in oncology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Reproductive, pregnancy & perinatal medicine

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Pregnancy: Periconception Exposure and Perinatal Outcomes.

This narrative review studies periconception exposure to glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and summarizes evidence on perinatal outcomes from original research articles and related data. It finds that the true extent of exposure is likely underestimated due to inconsistent routine enquiry, and that guidance for counseling women with inadvertent periconceptional exposure remains limited because pregnancy effects are not well established. The clinical significance is improved risk communication and evidence synthesis for obstetric care as GLP-1 RA use increases among women of childbearing age.

Lau KGY, Chopra A, Mullins E et al. · BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Variants in CEP135 Cause Congenital Microcephaly and Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia.

The authors investigated the genetic cause of congenital microcephaly with chronic respiratory disease consistent with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and identified variants in CEP135 in three affected children. Comprehensive PCD diagnostic testing and whole-exome sequencing supported CEP135 as the underlying gene, and nasal epithelial cell characterization after expansion/regrowth was used to further define ciliary dysfunction. Establishing CEP135 variants as a cause of combined microcephaly and PCD improves molecular diagnosis and informs prognosis and counseling for affected families.

Bergman-Sieger A, Turcot MA, Ostrowski LE et al. · Pediatric pulmonology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Refractory Acquired Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in the Third Trimester of Twin Pregnancy: A Case Report.

This case report described refractory acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) occurring in the third trimester of a twin pregnancy in a 29-year-old woman. The patient presented with severe thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia features and required advanced management due to refractory disease in a pregnancy context that can mimic preeclampsia/HELLP. The report underscores the diagnostic and therapeutic complexity of TTP during twin gestation and highlights the need for rapid recognition and escalation of care.

Jawahar Kanth JS, Okello MO, Anish TMR et al. · International medical case reports journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Haemodynamic and neurophysiological assessments for 2-year outcome prediction in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated prognostic accuracy of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG), cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (cNIRS), and targeted neonatal echocardiography (TnECHO) for predicting 2-year neurodevelopmental impairment and/or death in neonates with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Across included prognostic studies, these modalities showed varying predictive performance for 18–24 month outcomes. The findings help clinicians and researchers choose and standardize early physiologic biomarkers to improve risk stratification after therapeutic hypothermia in HIE.

Noureldein M, So V, Hayawi LM et al. · BMJ paediatrics open · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Adjunctive mild controlled hypothermia for moderate necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants: a prospective cohort study with external contemporaneous controls.

This prospective cohort study with external contemporaneous controls evaluated whether adjunctive mild controlled hypothermia reduces surgery in very low birth weight infants with moderate necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Infants <1500 g with moderate NEC received mild hypothermia in one center and were compared with standard-care controls from seven other centers. If confirmed by the full results, this approach could provide a clinically actionable strategy to slow NEC progression and reduce surgical intervention in high-risk preterm infants.

Gonçalves-Ferri WA, Sarri VC, Ferreira CHF et al. · European journal of pediatrics · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Clinical epidemiology, health services & consensus/guidelines (real-world care, claims, Delphi, toxicology)

Redundant mispair excision mechanisms in eukaryotic DNA mismatch repair.

This mechanistic paper studies redundant mispair excision pathways in eukaryotic DNA mismatch repair, focusing on how the daughter strand is removed and resynthesized after error recognition. It finds that eukaryotes use multiple, overlapping excision routes—contrasting bacterial UvrD displacement—where factors such as Msh2-Msh6/Msh2-Msh3 and Mlh1-Pms1 recruit Exo1 to 5’ nicks to perform 5’→3’ excision. The significance is that defining these redundant Exo1-dependent mechanisms clarifies how eukaryotic cells maintain genome stability and respond to diverse DNA damage and replication errors.

Putnam CD, Kolodner RD · Nucleus (Austin, Tex.) · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Modulating stress and sleep through a multi-compound dietary supplement: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 103 healthy physically active adults were assigned to morning adaptogens, evening sleep-focused supplements, or their combination to assess effects on stress, mood, and subjective and objective sleep. The study tested whether combining morning and evening supplement components produces additive or synergistic improvements in stress modulation and sleep quality compared with placebo. If effective, this multi-compound dietary supplement approach could offer a low-risk behavioral-adjunct strategy for stress and sleep optimization in healthy populations.

Mastrofini GF, Romersi RF, Lombardi MG et al. · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Effect of early regional anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function and the perioperative stress response in patients with hip fractures: a randomized controlled trial.

This randomized controlled trial studied whether timing of anterior iliopsoas muscle space block (AIMSB) affects postoperative cognitive function and perioperative stress response in 79 older adults (≥65 years) undergoing spinal anesthesia for hip fracture surgery. The key finding was the difference in postoperative delirium (POD) incidence between AIMSB given the day before surgery versus one hour before surgery (D group n=39 vs H group n=40). Scientifically and clinically, it tests an anesthesia timing strategy to reduce POD risk and potentially modulate perioperative stress responses in hip-fracture patients.

Zeng R, Li J, Wei Z et al. · PeerJ · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Clinical pathway implementation for adult sickle cell vaso-occlusive crises: Impact on healthcare utilization, opioid prescribing, and costs.

This retrospective before-and-after cohort study evaluated a multidisciplinary clinical pathway for adult sickle cell vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in a single tertiary hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, focusing on healthcare utilization, opioid prescribing, and direct costs. The key finding was the pathway’s impact on these outcomes compared with the pre-implementation period (including changes in ED visits/hospitalization patterns and opioid use). Clinically, it supports whether standardized VOC pathways can improve care efficiency and reduce opioid exposure and costs in adult SCD patients.

Alhartani AM, Binmahfouz LS, Alhazmi I et al. · Annals of Saudi medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Thrombotic rates in individuals with inherited bleeding disorders treated with concentrate or bispecific antibody. Fifteen-year EUHASS data.

This study analyzed thrombotic adverse events in people with inherited bleeding disorders treated with clotting factor concentrates or the bispecific antibody emicizumab, using the EUHASS surveillance system across 95 sentinel centers in 27 European countries from 10/2008 to 12/2023. The key finding was the reported thrombotic event rates following these therapies in this real-world, multi-country cohort. These data provide clinically relevant safety estimates for thrombosis risk in inherited bleeding disorder patients receiving factor replacement or emicizumab, informing risk–benefit decisions and pharmacovigilance.

Makris M, Fischer K, Gatt A et al. · Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Acetaminophen toxicity: A comprehensive revie.

This comprehensive review summarized acetaminophen toxicity mechanisms and clinical management, emphasizing that overdose leads to formation of a toxic metabolite causing severe liver injury and potential hepatic failure. The key finding was that early administration of N-acetylcysteine is the cornerstone treatment and is most effective within 8 hours of ingestion, with outcomes influenced by timing, co-ingestants, and pre-existing liver disease. This is significant for both clinical toxicology and forensic practice by reinforcing time-critical treatment and risk modifiers.

Menezes RG, AlMajed GA, Barnawi MA et al. · Forensic science review · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Masterclass: Running-related injuries - bringing evidence together for clinical decision-making.

This masterclass article synthesized evidence on running-related injuries (RRI) to support clinical decision-making, including incidence estimates in novice and recreational runners and the burden on individuals and healthcare systems. The key finding was that RRI incidence differs by runner population (higher in novice runners than recreational runners) and that injuries have meaningful physical, social, and economic consequences. This helps clinicians and physiotherapists translate epidemiology and evidence into practical prevention and management strategies for RRI.

Marinelli P, Saragiotto BT, Verhagen E et al. · Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Romosozumab Prescribing in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease History in Japan: A Nationwide Claims Database Study.

This nationwide Japanese claims database study examined real-world prescribing patterns of the osteoporosis drug romosozumab in relation to cardiovascular disease history, focusing on patients initiating romosozumab between March 2019 and March 2023. The study assessed how clinicians implemented Japan’s precaution to avoid romosozumab in patients with myocardial infarction or stroke within the prior year despite the lack of a formal contraindication. The results are clinically significant for evaluating whether regulatory guidance is reflected in practice and for informing safer prescribing strategies for romosozumab.

Fujita Y, Kouda K, Fujimori K et al. · Calcified tissue international · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗

Effects of Ciprofol- versus Remimazolam-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

In a single-center randomized controlled trial, adults undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were assigned to total intravenous anesthesia with ciprofol versus remimazolam, with standardized prophylaxis using dexamethasone and ondansetron. Ciprofol-based anesthesia reduced the cumulative incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) within 24 hours compared with remimazolam-based anesthesia. The findings support ciprofol as a potentially lower-PONV anesthetic option for this surgical population.

Zeng J, Ye Y, Li Z et al. · Drug design, development and therapy · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Exercise and physical activity for fatigue, disease activity and immune-inflammatory outcomes in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus: an umbrella review.

This umbrella review synthesized evidence on exercise and physical activity for fatigue, disease activity, and immune-inflammatory outcomes in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The review mapped and compared findings across systematic reviews, highlighting the overall state of evidence for clinical benefits and for immune-inflammatory endpoints. By clarifying where evidence is consistent versus discordant, it supports more targeted use of exercise as an adjunct and guides future trials measuring immunologic mechanisms in SLE.

Fang J, Ma X, Sun M et al. · Frontiers in immunology · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

PXT3003: Lessons for therapeutic development in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A and related neuropathies.

This iScience article reviewed the therapeutic development history of PXT3003 in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) and related neuropathies. It describes how the program persisted through formulation instability, interrupted development, regulatory uncertainty, and controversy over efficacy before re-emerging with renewed evidence of clinical benefit. The analysis underscores how evidence accessibility and interpretation can shape perceived efficacy for long-running neurotherapeutic programs.

Burns J · iScience · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

Long-term prophylactic treatment and related real-world outcomes of patients with hereditary angioedema in Germany: A retrospective analysis of German claims and medical chart data.

This retrospective analysis used German statutory health insurance claims (AOK PLUS and GWQ) and medical chart review data to characterize long-term prophylactic treatment (LTP) patterns and real-world outcomes in patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE) in Germany. The study assessed residual disease burden and economic outcomes among patients initiating LTP between 2019 and 2023. These real-world findings help quantify how HAE prophylaxis performs outside clinical trials and can inform optimization of LTP utilization and resource planning.

Greve J, Picker N, Jülich F et al. · The World Allergy Organization journal · (2026) · View on PubMed ↗ · Free PDF ↗

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Generated automatically on October 05, 2026 from PubMed’s trending articles. Summaries are AI-generated; always consult the original publication for clinical or research decisions.